Difference between revisions of "Countrey Justice"

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|desc=Folio (28 cm.)
 
|desc=Folio (28 cm.)
 
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}}[[File:DaltonCountreyJustice1666InitialCapital.jpg|left|thumb|200px|<center>Initial capital.</center>]]Michael Dalton (1564-1644) was a barrister and legal writer, a member of Lincoln’s Inn, and a justice of the peace (JP) in the counties of Essex and, later, Cambridgeshire.<ref>D.A. Orr, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/7067 Dalton, Michael (1564-1644)]" in ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', accessed May 21, 2015.</ref> ''The Countrey Justice'', a manual for justices of the peace and local magistrates, remains his best known work.<ref>Ibid.</ref>
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}}Michael Dalton (1564 &ndash; 1644) was a barrister and legal writer, a member of [[wikipedia:Lincoln's Inn|Lincoln's Inn]], and a justice of the peace in the counties of Essex and, later, Cambridgeshire.<ref>D.A. Orr, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/7067 Dalton, Michael (1564-1644)]" in ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', accessed May 21, 2015.</ref> ''The Countrey Justice'', a manual for justices of the peace and local magistrates, remains his best known work.<ref>Ibid.</ref>
  
The office of justice of the peace originated during the Middle Ages, when the primary responsibility of JPs was to suppress riots and keep the peace.<ref>Mike Widener, "[http://library.law.yale.edu/news/taussig-collection-justice-peace-manuals The Taussig Collection: Justice of the peace manuals]," ''Yale Law School: Lillian Goldman Law Library'', April 21, 2014.</ref> By the sixteenth century, their power had increased and come to include various judicial and administrative tasks.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Most JPs, however, had no legal training, and a number of justice of the peace manuals were published to provide guidance in the form of clear, comprehensive, and easy to understand instruction.<ref>Ibid.</ref>
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[[File:DaltonCountreyJustice1666InitialCapital.jpg|left|thumb|200px|<center>Initial capital.</center>]]
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The office of justice of the peace originated during the Middle Ages, when their primary responsibility was to suppress riots and keep the peace.<ref>Mike Widener, "[http://library.law.yale.edu/news/taussig-collection-justice-peace-manuals The Taussig Collection: Justice of the peace manuals]," ''Yale Law School: Lillian Goldman Law Library'', April 21, 2014.</ref> By the sixteenth century, their power had increased and come to include various judicial and administrative tasks.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Most justices of the peace, however, had no legal training, and a number of justice of the peace manuals were published to provide guidance in the form of clear, comprehensive, and easy to understand instruction.<ref>Ibid.</ref>
  
''The Countrey Justice'' was among the most popular manuals, and was published in at least twenty editions between 1618 and 1746.<ref>Helen L. Hull, "[https://books.google.com/books?id=gBkWeMDgHpQC&pg=PA37&dq=Lowe+and+lay+ministers+of+the+peace:%E2%80%99+The+Proliferation+of+Officeholding+Manuals+in+Early+Modern+England&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMI3evdhaOUxgIVoS-MCh2XcAu4#v=onepage&q&f=false 'Lowe and lay ministers of the peace;' The Proliferation of Officeholding Manuals in Early Modern England]," in ''Renaissance Papers 2009'', ed. Christopher Cobb (Rochester, NY: Camden House, 2010), 47.</ref> It provided a summary of the current law on a diverse array of subjects, from robbery and murder, to cattle and sheep, and included a particularly detailed description of the proper procedure for prosecuting witches. One of the earliest manuals to be arranged in alphabetical order, Dalton’s book was popular both in England and New England, where it provided a ready and accessible summary of the English common law for the new colonies.<ref>Edgar J. McManus, "[https://books.google.com/books?id=CkNMR7L68I0C&pg=PA3&dq=Laws+for+Living+Saints&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAGoVChMI6_y5s6OUxgIVwxiMCh2togCN#v=onepage&q&f=false Laws for Living Saints]," in ''Law and Liberty in Early New England: Criminal Justice and Due Process, 1620-1692'' (Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press, 1993), 12.</ref>  
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''The Countrey Justice'' was among the most popular manuals, and was published in at least twenty editions between 1618 and 1746.<ref>Helen L. Hull, "[https://books.google.com/books?id=gBkWeMDgHpQC&pg=PA37 'Lowe and lay ministers of the peace;' The Proliferation of Officeholding Manuals in Early Modern England]," in ''Renaissance Papers 2009'', ed. Christopher Cobb (Rochester, NY: Camden House, 2010), 47.</ref> It provided a summary of the current law on a diverse array of subjects, from robbery and murder, to cattle and sheep, and included a particularly detailed description of the proper procedure for prosecuting witches. One of the earliest manuals to be arranged in alphabetical order, Dalton’s book was popular both in England and New England, where it provided a ready and accessible summary of the English common law for the new colonies.<ref>Edgar J. McManus, "[https://books.google.com/books?id=CkNMR7L68I0C&pg=PA3 Laws for Living Saints]," in ''Law and Liberty in Early New England: Criminal Justice and Due Process, 1620-1692'' (Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press, 1993), 12.</ref>  
  
 
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==
 
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==
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Barbara Dean, in her 1975 [[Dean Bibliography|Colonial Williamsburg memo]], lists Dalton's ''Countrey Justice'' as a possible book Wythe would have had in his collection, citing ''Virginia Lawyers, 1680-1776: The Birth of an American Profession'' (1967), which lists it as a common title in Colonial lawyers' libraries. Wythe definitely did own a copy of Dalton's ''[[Officium Vicecomitum|Officium Vicecomitum]], which appears in the [[Jefferson Inventory|inventory of books]] Wythe willed to Thomas Jefferson in 1806 as "Dalton's sheriff. fol."
  
[[File:DaltonCountreyJustice1666Inscription.jpg|left|thumb|350px|<center>Manuscript notes, front fly-leaf.</center>]]
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[[File:DaltonCountreyJustice1666Inscription.jpg|center|thumb|400px|<center>Manuscript notes, front fly-leaf.</center>]]
 
 
 
==Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy==
 
==Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy==
 
Recent full blind calf, gold tooled edges; annotation [in law french?] upside-down in brown/black ink on flyleaf.
 
Recent full blind calf, gold tooled edges; annotation [in law french?] upside-down in brown/black ink on flyleaf.
  
 
Images of the library's copy of this book are [https://www.flickr.com/photos/wolflawlibrary/sets/72157659732745029 available on Flickr.] View the record for this book in [http://wm-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/01COWM_WM:EVERYTHING:01COWM_WM_ALMA21551845170003196 William &amp; Mary's online catalog.]
 
Images of the library's copy of this book are [https://www.flickr.com/photos/wolflawlibrary/sets/72157659732745029 available on Flickr.] View the record for this book in [http://wm-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/01COWM_WM:EVERYTHING:01COWM_WM_ALMA21551845170003196 William &amp; Mary's online catalog.]
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===Full text===
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<div style="overflow: hidden;">
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*[http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/library/DaltonCountreyJustice1666.pdf ''The Countrey Justice''] (37MB PDF)
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</div>
  
 
==See also==
 
==See also==

Revision as of 13:50, 19 April 2018

by Michael Dalton

The Countrey Justice
DaltonCountreyJustice1666 TitlePage.jpg

Title page from The Countrey Justice, George Wythe Collection, Wolf Law Library, College of William & Mary.

Author Michael Dalton
Editor {{{editor}}}
Translator {{{trans}}}
Published London: Printed by John Streater, James Flesher, and Henry Twyford, assigns of Richard Atkyns, and Edward Atkyns, esquires
Date 1666
Edition
Language English
Volumes {{{set}}} volume set
Pages [14], 460 (i.e. 456), [10]
Desc. Folio (28 cm.)
Location Shelf L-5
  [[Shelf {{{shelf2}}}]]

Michael Dalton (1564 – 1644) was a barrister and legal writer, a member of Lincoln's Inn, and a justice of the peace in the counties of Essex and, later, Cambridgeshire.[1] The Countrey Justice, a manual for justices of the peace and local magistrates, remains his best known work.[2]

Initial capital.

The office of justice of the peace originated during the Middle Ages, when their primary responsibility was to suppress riots and keep the peace.[3] By the sixteenth century, their power had increased and come to include various judicial and administrative tasks.[4] Most justices of the peace, however, had no legal training, and a number of justice of the peace manuals were published to provide guidance in the form of clear, comprehensive, and easy to understand instruction.[5]

The Countrey Justice was among the most popular manuals, and was published in at least twenty editions between 1618 and 1746.[6] It provided a summary of the current law on a diverse array of subjects, from robbery and murder, to cattle and sheep, and included a particularly detailed description of the proper procedure for prosecuting witches. One of the earliest manuals to be arranged in alphabetical order, Dalton’s book was popular both in England and New England, where it provided a ready and accessible summary of the English common law for the new colonies.[7]

Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library

Barbara Dean, in her 1975 Colonial Williamsburg memo, lists Dalton's Countrey Justice as a possible book Wythe would have had in his collection, citing Virginia Lawyers, 1680-1776: The Birth of an American Profession (1967), which lists it as a common title in Colonial lawyers' libraries. Wythe definitely did own a copy of Dalton's Officium Vicecomitum, which appears in the inventory of books Wythe willed to Thomas Jefferson in 1806 as "Dalton's sheriff. fol."

Manuscript notes, front fly-leaf.

Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy

Recent full blind calf, gold tooled edges; annotation [in law french?] upside-down in brown/black ink on flyleaf.

Images of the library's copy of this book are available on Flickr. View the record for this book in William & Mary's online catalog.

Full text

See also

References

  1. D.A. Orr, "Dalton, Michael (1564-1644)" in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, accessed May 21, 2015.
  2. Ibid.
  3. Mike Widener, "The Taussig Collection: Justice of the peace manuals," Yale Law School: Lillian Goldman Law Library, April 21, 2014.
  4. Ibid.
  5. Ibid.
  6. Helen L. Hull, "'Lowe and lay ministers of the peace;' The Proliferation of Officeholding Manuals in Early Modern England," in Renaissance Papers 2009, ed. Christopher Cobb (Rochester, NY: Camden House, 2010), 47.
  7. Edgar J. McManus, "Laws for Living Saints," in Law and Liberty in Early New England: Criminal Justice and Due Process, 1620-1692 (Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press, 1993), 12.