Difference between revisions of "Opera Omnia, Graece et Latine"

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by Lysias

Opera Omnia, Graece et Latine
Title page from Opera Omnia, Graece et Latine, George Wythe Collection, Wolf Law Library, College of William & Mary.
Author	Lysias
Editor	Abbé Athanase Auger
Translator	{{{trans}}}
Published	Paris: Franc. Ambr. Didot L'ainé
Date	1783
Edition	Seventh impression; Fifth revised
Language	Latin
Volumes	2 volume set
Pages	{{{pages}}}
Desc.	8vo (20 cm)
Location	[[Shelf {{{shelf}}}]]
	[[Shelf {{{shelf2}}}]]

Bookplate, front pastedown.

Lysias was an Attic (Greek) orator born between 458 and 473BCE and who died c.380BCE.^[1] He was born to Cephalus, a wealthy Syracusan who had known Pericles. Pericles had convinced him to move to Athens as a metic (resident alien), so Lysias and his family grew up Greek with a very successful shield-making family business. The home of Lysias’ eldest brother Polemarchus features as the setting for Plato’s Republic, in which Polemarchus and Cephalus speak in the opening discussion.^[2]

Lysias and Polemarchus went to the panhellenic colony of Thurii in south Italy after their father’s death, where Lysias studied rhetoric.^[3] They were expelled in 413BCE as Athenian sympathizers, and returned to Athens.^[4] The brothers were arrested in 403 by the Thirty Tyrants who alleged disaffection, but according to Lysias in his 12th speech, really wanted to confiscate their substantial property.^[5] The Thirty Tyrants killed Polemarchus, but Lysias escaped and then supported the democratic counter-revolutionaries however he could.^[6] Upon his return to Athens in 403, it looked as if he may attain citizenship for this assistance,^[7] but the decree granting such citizenship was annulled as unconstitutional.^[8]

Unfortunately, Lysias was quite poor at this point, so he turned to professional speech-writing and became very successful. As a metic, he could not appear in court – therefore someone else had to deliver his speeches. However, he was able to deliver his first career speech Against Eratosthenes (speech 12) to a court of inquiry during the trial of the alleged murder of his brother Polemarchus.^[9] Lysias composed over two-hundred poems, but unfortunately only thirty-five survive with only twenty-three complete. He was admired for the simplicity and precise, ordered nature of his language.^[10]

This particular work is a first edition of “All the Works of Lysias, Greek and Latin” in two volumes. In the first volume, after a prologue and a comment on the work of critics, there is a table of contents including both the first and second volumes. There are analyses of many of the speeches right before the speech, starting with Against Eratosthenes. It, as well as all the following speeches have the original Greek on the left and translated Latin on the right of each opened spread of pages. Following his speech against his brother’s killer is Lysias’s Defense Against Simon, Wounds from Industry, For the Defense of Callia, and others.

Inscriptions, front free endpaper.

Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library

Listed in the Jefferson Inventory of Wythe's Library as Lysiae opera omnia. Gr. Lat. 2.v. 8vo. and given by Thomas Jefferson to his grandson Thomas Jefferson Randolph. Both the Brown Bibliography^[11] and George Wythe's Library^[12] on LibraryThing list the 1783 Paris edition of Lysiae Opera Omnia as the title and edition for Jefferson's entry. The Wolf Law Library found a copy of volume one of the 1783 edition and purchased it.

Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy

Set incomplete. Library lacks volume two. Volume one has marbled boards and full leather spine with 4 raised bands and gilt lettering. Includes the bookplate of "O.J." with the motto "Inter folia fructus" (fruit among the leaves) on the front pastedown. Signed "Hoffman" and "A. Michaelis, Bonn 1863" on the front free endpaper.

William & Mary's online catalog

References

1. ↑ "Ly'sias” in The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature, ed. by M.C. Howatson (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011).
2. ↑ Ibid.
3. ↑ "Lysias" in Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World, ed. by John Roberts (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007).
4. ↑ "Ly'sias” in The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature.
5. ↑ "Lysias" in Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World.
6. ↑ Ibid.
7. ↑ "Ly'sias” in The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature.
8. ↑ "Lysias" in Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World.
9. ↑ "Ly'sias” in The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature.
10. ↑ Ibid.
11. ↑ Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012) Microsoft Word file.
12. ↑ LibraryThing, s. v. "Member: George Wythe", accessed on February 26, 2014