Difference between revisions of "M.T. Ciceronis Orationes Quaedam Selectae"

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by Marcus Tullius Cicero

M.T. Ciceronis Orationes Quaedam Selectae
Title page from M.T. Ciceronis Orationes Quaedam Selectae, George Wythe Collection, Wolf Law Library, College of William & Mary.
Author	Marcus Tullius Cicero
Editor	Charles de Hallot de Mérouville
Translator	{{{trans}}}
Published	Londini: Typis Gulielmi Sayes, impensis J. Knapton, R Wilkin, J. & B. Sprint, B. & S. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, G. Mortlock, W. & J. Innys, & A. Ward
Date	1722
Edition	Editio quarta, auctior & emendatior.
Language	Latin
Volumes	{{{set}}} volume set
Pages	[8], xxx, 555, [13]
Desc.	8vo (20 cm.)
Location	[[Shelf {{{shelf}}}]]
	[[Shelf {{{shelf2}}}]]

Bookplate of the Monastery of St. Augustine, Ramsgate, front pastedown.

Marcus Tullius Cicero (106–43 BCE) was a Roman philosopher, politician, lawyer, orator, political theorist, consul, and constitutionalist. He is widely considered to be one of Rome’s greatest orators and prose stylists.^[1] His influence on the Latin language was so immense that the subsequent history of prose in not only Latin but European languages up to the nineteenth century was said to be either a reaction against or a return to his style.^[2]

In addition to his profound skills as a linguist, translator and philosopher, Cicero introduced the Romans to the chief schools of Greek philosophy and created a Latin philosophical vocabulary.^[3] When Cicero’s letters were rediscovered in the fourteenth century, his teachings and writings became a foundation for the initiation of the fourteenth century Renaissance.^[4] According to one historian, “[The] Renaissance was above all things a revival of Cicero, and only after him and through him of the rest of Classical antiquity.”^[5]

The Peak of Cicero’s authority and prestige came during the eighteenth century Enlightenment.^[6] His work had a profound impact on the individuals that were the most influential during the Enlightenment such as John Locke, David Hume, and Montesquieu.^[7] As a politician, Cicero was a fierce advocate for republican principles.^[8] It was this highly pro-republic philosophy that caused Cicero’s work to have a strong impact on the Founding Fathers of the United States.^[9] John Adams said of Cicero, “As all the ages of the world have not produced a greater statesman and philosopher united than Cicero, his authority should have great weight.”^[10] Thomas Jefferson lists Cicero (along with Aristotle, Locke and Sidney) as an author of "books of public right" which provided "harmonizing sentiments of the day" which Jefferson express in the Declaration of Independence.^[11]

Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library

Listed in the Jefferson Inventory of Wythe's Library as Ciceronis orationes selectae Delph. 8vo. Thomas Jefferson gave Wythe's copy to his grandson Thomas Jefferson Randolph. The precise edition owned by Wythe is unknown. George Wythe's Library^[12] on LibraryThing indicates as much while noting "Numerous octavo editions were published at Cambridge and London, the first in 1692." The Brown Bibliography^[13] lists the 1722, London edition and this is the one the Wolf Law Library chose to purchase.

Headpiece, first page of text.

Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy

Bound in original decorative calf binding with copperplate ink signature to title page. Includes the bookplate of the Monastery of St. Augustine, Ramsgate, pasted over an earlier bookplate for Bousfield and Pallsiter's Circulating Library, Margate. Purchased from Rooke Books.

View this book in William & Mary's online catalog.

References

1. ↑ Elizabeth Rawson, Cicero: A Portrait (Bristol: Bristol Classical Press, 1994), 303 and Henry Joseph Haskell, This was Cicero (New York: Fawcett Publications, 1964), 300-301.
2. ↑ Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature, s.v. "Ciceronian period" (Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1995), 244.
3. ↑ Gian Biagio Conte, Latin Literature: A History (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994), 199.
4. ↑ Liana Cheney, "Italian Renaissance Art: Humanism & Philosophical Background: Neoplatonism, Ficino and Pico", accessed October 24, 2013.
5. ↑ Tadeusz Zielinski, Cicero im Wandel der Jahrhunderte (Leipzig: B. G. Teubner, 1897).
6. ↑ Neal Wood, Cicero's Social and Political Thought (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988), 168.
7. ↑ Ibid.
8. ↑ M. N. S. Sellers, American Republicanism: Roman Ideology in the United States Constitution (New York: New York University Press, 1994), 57.
9. ↑ Ibid.
10. ↑ Ibid.
11. ↑ Thomas Jefferson to Henry Lee, Jr., May 8, 1825 in The Thomas Jefferson Papers Series 1 General Correspondence 1651-1827, (Washington DC: Library of Congress), images 219-220.
12. ↑ LibraryThing, s. v. "Member: George Wythe" accessed on November 13, 2013.
13. ↑ Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433