Difference between revisions of "Homerou Iliados"

Latest revision as of 11:58, 30 November 2022

by Homer

Tēs tou Homērou Iliados
Title page from Tēs tou Homērou Iliados, George Wythe Collection, Wolf Law Library, College of William & Mary.
Author	Homer
Editor	James Moor and George Muirhead
Translator	{{{trans}}}
Published	Glasguae: : In aedibus Academicis, Excudebant R. et A. Foulis
Date	1756
Edition	{{{edition}}}
Language	Greek
Volumes	2 volumes in 1 volume set
Pages	{{{pages}}}
Desc.	Folio (34 cm.)
Location	Shelf N-5
	[[Shelf {{{shelf2}}}]]

Bookplate of William Danby, front pastedown.

Little is known about the life of Homer, the poet responsible for the Iliad and the Odyssey. Herodotus claimed Homer lived around 850 BCE, while modern scholars usually date his poems to the second half of the eighth century BCE.^[1] The Trojan War is estimated to have occurred at the end of the Mycenaean Age in Greece, around 1200 BCE, meaning that Homer was looking back four centuries to a heroic world much greater in his esteem, than the contemporary world. Homer relied on oral history to compose his poems; this provides some of the basis for the "separatist" view that the two epic poems were not written by the same person, but possibly by a combination of poets. The mixed dialect of Ionian Greek in which each poem was originally written indicates that both poems were written in the east Aegean. This is supported by contextual clues in the poems themselves. The two most plausible locations for the birth of Homer are Smyrna and Chios, but ancient Greeks viewed the poet as a blind minstrel wandering while he composed the poems, which were sung or chanted, accompanied by a lyre.

Homer’s Iliad is an epic poem of a heroic or tragic nature, consisting of 24 books, all of which are original except for Book Ten, which was likely added later.^[2] It tells the tale of the wrath of Achilles during the last year of the ten-year Trojan War. The war began when Agamemnon led a unified force of Greek warriors across the Aegean Sea to attack Troy under the pretense of rescuing his sister-in-law, Helen (wife of Menelaus), from the Trojan prince Paris. Homer begins his narration in the tenth year of the war, covering several weeks during the war and focusing on the anger of Achilles at not being appropriately respected by Menelaus. Significantly described in the Iliad are the death of Patroclus (Achilles’ foster brother and alleged lover) and the subsequent vengeance killing of Hector (the oldest son of King Priam of Troy). The respect and compassion between supposed enemies Achilles and Priam when the former returns Hector’s body from the Danaan camp is an example of the humanity Greeks expected to be shown to one another even during war. The story ends with the funeral of Hector. Homer does not address the death of Achilles, the Trojan Horse or the fall of Troy. All of those stories come to us from the Latin poet Virgil’s epic, The Aeneid.

Bookplate of Lytton Strachey, front pastedown.

Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library

Listed in the Jefferson Inventory of Wythe's Library as "Homeri Ilias. Gr. 2.v. fol. Foulis" and given by Thomas Jefferson to Dabney Carr. Both the Brown Bibliography^[3] and George Wythe's Library^[4] on LibraryThing include the 1756 Greek version of the Iliad published by the Foulis Press. The Wolf Law Library purchased the same edition.

Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy

Bookplate of Roger Senhouse, front pastedown.

Bound in contemporary full diced brown calf with wide gilt tooled borders and five gilt stamped raised bands. Spines feature gilt lettered and elaborately gilt decorated and ornamented compartments. The edges are gilt-rolled. Includes the bookplates of William Danby (writer), Lytton Strachey, and Roger Senhouse on the front pastedown. Signature "W Danby, Chris. Coll. 1772" on front flyleaf. Part of combined set with Tēs tou Homērou Odysseias. Purchased from David Brass.

Images of the library's copy of this book are available on Flickr. View the record for this book in William & Mary's online catalog.

Inscription, front flyleaf.

References

↑ "Homer” in The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature, ed. by M.C. Howatson (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011).
↑ "Homer" in Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World, ed. by John Roberts (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007).
↑ Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433
↑ LibraryThing, s. v. "Member: George Wythe," accessed on June 27, 2013, http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe

[1] "Homer” in The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature, ed. by M.C. Howatson (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011).

[2] "Homer" in Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World, ed. by John Roberts (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007).

[3] Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433

[4] LibraryThing, s. v. "Member: George Wythe," accessed on June 27, 2013, http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Tēs tou Homērou Iliados, Tēs tou Homērou Odysseias''}}
+{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Των του Ομηρου Σεσωμενων Απαντων ΤομοιΤεσσαρες''}}
 ===by Homer===
-{{BookPageTitlePage
+__NOTOC__
+{{BookPageInfoBox
 |imagename=Tēs tou Homērou Iliados.jpg
-|link=https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/3633464
+|link=https://wm.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01COWM_INST/g9pr7p/alma991021830259703196
-|shorttitle=Homer's Iliad
+|shorttitle=Tēs tou Homērou Iliados
-|vol=
+|author=[[:Category:Homer|Homer]]
-}}{{BookPageTitlePage
+|editor=[[:Category:James Moor|James Moor]] and [[:Category:George Muirhead|George Muirhead]]
-|imagename=Tēs tou Homērou Odysseias.jpg
+|publoc=[[:Category:Glasgow|Glasguae: ]]
-|link=https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/3633464
+|publisher=In aedibus Academicis, Excudebant R. et A. Foulis
-|shorttitle=Homer's Odyssey
+|year=1756
-|vol=
+|lang=[[:Category:Greek|Greek]]
-}}
+|set=2 volumes in 1
-''Των του Ομηρου Σεσωμενων Απαντων ΤομοιΤεσσαρες'', ''Της του Όμήρου Ίλιάδος ό τόμος πρότρος Δεγτερος''<br />
+|desc=[[:Category:Folios|Folio]] (34 cm.)
-''The Iliad'' and ''The Odyssey''
+|shelf=N-5
+}}{{BookPageBookplate
-__NOTOC__
+|imagename=DanbyBookplatefromHomer.jpg
-Little is known about the life of Homer. Even in Greek antiquity, no one knew anything for certain about the poet responsible for the Iliad and the Odyssey. Herodotus claimed he lived around 850BCE, while modern scholars usually date his poems to the second half of the eighth century BCE.<ref>[http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199548545.001.0001/acref-9780199548545-e-1550 "Homer”] in ''The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature'', ed. by M.C. Howatson (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011).</ref> The Trojan War is estimated to have occurred at the end of the Mycenaean Age in Greece, around 1200BCE, meaning that Homer was looking back over 400 years to a heroic world much greater (in his esteem) than the contemporary world. Homer had to rely on a combination of evidence from the oral tradition in order to compose his poems, which provides some of the basis for the “separatist” view that the two epic poems were not written by the same person or perhaps were not written by just one poet at all but a combination of poets. It still cannot be proven whether both poems were written by the same person (scholars have spent entire careers trying to prove their view), but it is generally accepted that each poem can be attributed to a single person, whether that poet is one in the same or not. Regardless, the mixed dialect of Ionian Greek that each poem is originally written in indicates that both poems were written in the east Aegean. This is supported by contextual clues in the poems themselves. The two most plausible locations for the birth of Homer are Smyrna and Chios, but ancient Greeks viewed the poet as a blind minstrel wandering while he composed his epic poems which were sung or chanted to an accompaniment by the poet on a lyre. One can see from this, the similarity between the wanderings of Odysseus and Homer.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br/>
+|display=left
-<br/>Homer’s ''Iliad'' is an epic poem of a heroic or tragic nature, consisting of 24 books, all of which are original except for Book Ten which was likely added later.<ref>[http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780192801463.001.0001/acref-9780192801463-e-1070 "Homer"] in ''Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World'', ed. by John Roberts (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007).</ref>  The story of the ''Iliad'' is ripe with moral themes as it tells the tale of the wrath of Achilles during the last year of the ten-year Trojan War. The war began when Agamemnon led a unified force of Greek warriors across the Aegean Sea to attack Troy under the pretense of rescuing his brother Menelaus’s wife Helen from the Trojan prince Paris. Homer begins his narration in the tenth year of the war, actually covering only several weeks of the war focused on the anger of the great warrior Achilles at not being appropriately respected and honored by Menelaus.  Significantly described in the ''Iliad'' are the deaths of Patroclus (Achilles’ foster brother and alleged lover) and subsequent vengeance killing of Hector (the oldest son of King Priam of Troy). The respect and compassion seen between the supposed enemies Achilles and Priam when the former returns Hector’s body is a clear example of the rules of war and humanity Greeks expected to be shown to one another. The story ends with the funeral of Hector (for which Achilles gave Priam a ten day break from battle, much to the anger of Menelaus). Homer does not address the death of Achilles, the Trojan Horse or the fall of Troy. All of those stories come to us from the Latin poet Virgil’s epic the ''Aeneid''.<br/>
+|caption=Bookplate of William Danby, front pastedown.
-<br/>Homer’s ''Odyssey'' is an epic poem consisting of 24 books telling the story of the Trojan War hero Odysseus’s ten year journey trying to get home to his wife Penelope and son Telemachus in Ithaca, where he is king. This epic is distinct from the ''Iliad'' for, even though it refers to a Trojan War character, it is a more romantic rather than heroic/tragic poem. It is very clear in the Odyssey who the “good” and “bad” characters are, and therefore who the readers (or more accurately as it was intended to be recited orally, the listeners) should be rooting for. Odysseus is shown through much of Greek mythological writing as an intelligent and crafty individual: first tricking Achilles into agreeing to join the Greeks against the Trojans and secondly tricking the Trojans with the giant wooden horse which ended the war. In the Odyssey, Odysseus’s familial devotion, general intelligence, and his “eternal human quality[y] of resolution” contrast with the barbaric creatures he meets on his adventures, as well as with the suitors attempting to woo his wife.<ref>"Homer" in ''Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World''</ref> Odysseus’s supreme human qualities served as an example to Greek men of idyllic behavior, just as Penelope’s devotion to her husband and home showed Greek women how to behave.  Furthermore, these two characters were used throughout European literature to exemplify ideal behavior. The strong moral themes through the Odyssey in no way take away from the exciting adventures Odysseus encountered from the Cyclopes to the Lotus Eaters to the Sirens to tricking and slaughtering his wife’s suitors.<br/>This two-volume set of Homer's epic poems was published by two well-known and regarded Scottish publishers.  Robert and Andrew Foulis (''ne'' Faulls) were brothers who opened their own publishing company and printing press in 18th century Glasgow.<ref>David Murray, ''Robert & Andrew Foulis and the Glasgow Press with some account of The Glasgow Academy of the Fine Arts'' (Glasgow: James Maclehose and Sons, Publishers to the University), 8.</ref> Robert was a barber before enrolling in University of Glasgow courses, while Andrew “received a more regular education…[as] a student of Humanity” who taught Greek, Latin and French for a time after he graduated.<ref>Ibid 3.</ref> The brothers began as booksellers and then transitioned to publishing and printing books, with Robert initiating each endeavor before later being joined by Andrew.<ref>Ibid 6-10.</ref> In 1740-42, Robert had other printers print what he chose to publish, but began printing his own books in 1742 which continued until his and his brother’s deaths in 1775 and 1776, respectively, when Andrew’s son Andrew took over The Foulis Press.<ref>Philip Gaskell, ''A Bibliography of the Foulis Press'', 2nd ed. (Winchester, Hampshire, England: St Paul's Bibliographies, 1986), 15-17.</ref> The Foulis Press primarily produced text books and other “works of learning…and of general literature,” as it was the printer to the University of Glasgow.<ref>Ibid 17-18.</ref> The press is unique for the plethora of variant issues and editions of published books on special paper, in special font, or even on copper plates.<ref>Ibid 18-19.</ref>
+}}Little is known about the life of Homer, the poet responsible for the ''Iliad'' and the ''[[Homerou Odysseias|Odyssey]]''. Herodotus claimed Homer lived around 850 BCE, while modern scholars usually date his poems to the second half of the eighth century BCE.<ref>[http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199548545.001.0001/acref-9780199548545-e-1550 "Homer”] in ''The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature'', ed. by M.C. Howatson (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011).</ref> The Trojan War is estimated to have occurred at the end of the Mycenaean Age in Greece, around 1200 BCE, meaning that Homer was looking back four centuries to a heroic world much greater in his esteem, than the contemporary world. Homer relied on oral history to compose his poems; this provides some of the basis for the "separatist" view that the two epic poems were not written by the same person, but possibly by a combination of poets. The mixed dialect of Ionian Greek in which  each poem was originally written indicates that both poems were written in the east Aegean. This is supported by contextual clues in the poems themselves. The two most plausible locations for the birth of Homer are Smyrna and Chios, but ancient Greeks viewed the poet as a blind minstrel wandering while he composed the poems, which were sung or chanted, accompanied by a lyre.
-[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homer Homer]
+Homer’s ''Iliad'' is an epic poem of a heroic or tragic nature, consisting of 24 books, all of which are original except for Book Ten, which was likely added later.<ref>[http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780192801463.001.0001/acref-9780192801463-e-1070 "Homer"] in ''Oxford Dictionary of the Classical World'', ed. by John Roberts (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007).</ref> It tells the tale of the wrath of Achilles during the last year of the ten-year Trojan War. The war began when Agamemnon led a unified force of Greek warriors across the Aegean Sea to attack Troy under the pretense of rescuing his sister-in-law, Helen (wife of Menelaus), from the Trojan prince Paris. Homer begins his narration in the tenth year of the war, covering several weeks during the war and focusing on the anger of Achilles at not being appropriately respected by Menelaus. Significantly described in the ''Iliad'' are the death of Patroclus (Achilles’ foster brother and alleged lover) and the subsequent vengeance killing of Hector (the oldest son of King Priam of Troy). The respect and compassion between supposed enemies Achilles and Priam when the former returns Hector’s body from the Danaan camp is an example of the humanity Greeks expected to be shown to one another even during war. The story ends with the funeral of Hector. Homer does not address the death of Achilles, the Trojan Horse or the fall of Troy. All of those stories come to us from the Latin poet Virgil’s epic, ''The Aeneid''.
-"One of the most splendid editions of Homer ever delivered to the world."
+{{BookPageBookplate
+|imagename=StracheyBookplatefromHomer.jpg
+|display=left
+|caption=Bookplate of Lytton Strachey, front pastedown.
+}}==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==
+Listed in the [[Jefferson Inventory]] of [[Wythe's Library]] as "Homeri Ilias. Gr. 2.v. fol. Foulis" and given by [[Thomas Jefferson]] to [[Dabney Carr]]. Both the [https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433 Brown Bibliography]<ref> Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433</ref> and [http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe George Wythe's Library]<ref>''LibraryThing'', s. v. "Member: George Wythe," accessed on June 27, 2013, http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe </ref> on LibraryThing include the 1756 Greek version of the ''Iliad'' published by the Foulis Press. The Wolf Law Library purchased the same edition.
-==Bibliographic Information==
+==Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy==
-'''Author:''' Homer
+{{BookPageBookplate
+|imagename=SenhouseBookplateFromHomer.jpg
-'''Title:''' Tēs tou Homērou Iliados, Tēs tou Homērou Odysseias.
+|display=left
+|caption=Bookplate of Roger Senhouse, front pastedown.
-'''Published:''' Glasguae: In aedibus Academicis, Excudebant R. et A. Foulis, 1756-1758.
+}}Bound in contemporary full diced brown calf with wide gilt tooled borders and five gilt stamped raised bands. Spines feature gilt lettered and elaborately gilt decorated and ornamented compartments. The edges are gilt-rolled. Includes the bookplates of [[wikipedia:William Danby|William Danby (writer)]], [[wikipedia:Lytton Strachey|Lytton Strachey]], and [[wikipedia:Roger Senhouse|Roger Senhouse]] on the front pastedown. Signature "W Danby, Chris. Coll. 1772" on front flyleaf. Part of combined set with [[Homerou Odysseias|Tēs tou Homērou Odysseias]]. Purchased from David Brass.
-'''Editors:''' J. Moor and G. Muirhead.
+Images of the library's copy of this book are [https://flic.kr/s/aHsjMM2Xih available on Flickr]. View the record for this book in [https://wm.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01COWM_INST/g9pr7p/alma991021830259703196 William & Mary's online catalog.]
-==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==
+[[File:DanbySignaturefromHomer.jpg|right|thumb|200px|<center>Inscription, front flyleaf.</center>]]
-Listed in the [[Jefferson Inventory]] of [[Wythe's Library]] as ''Homeri Ilias. Gr. 2.v. fol. Foulis '' and ''[Homeri] Odysseus. Gr. 2.v. fol.'' Foulis given by [[Thomas Jefferson]] to [[Dabney Carr]]. Both the [https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433 Brown Bibliography]<ref> Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433</ref> and [http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe George Wythe's Library]<ref>''LibraryThing'', s. v. "Member: George Wythe," accessed on June 27, 2013, http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe </ref> on LibraryThing list the 1756 edition of the ''Iliad'' and the 1758 of the ''Odyssey'' as the ones intended by Jefferson's entries.
-==Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy==
+==See also==
-Bound in contemporary full diced brown calf with wide gilt tooled borders and five gilt stamped raised bands. Spines feature gilt lettered and elaborately gilt decorated and ornamented compartments. The edges are gilt-rolled. Includes the bookplates of William Danby (and his dated signature), Lytton Strachey, and Roger Senhouse to the front pastedown endpapers of each volume.
+<div style="overflow: hidden;">
-<gallery widths=250px heights=250px perrow=4>
+*''[[Homeri Ilias]]''
-File:DanbyBookplatefromHomer.jpg|William Danby bookplate from ''Tēs tou Homērou Odysseias'', front pastedown.
+*''[[Homerou Ilias kai Odysseia]]''
-File:StracheyBookplatefromHomer.jpg|Lytton Strachey bookplate from ''Tēs tou Homērou Odysseias'', front pastedown.
+*''[[Homērou Odysseia]]''
-File:SenhouseBookplateFromHomer.jpg|Roger Senhouse bookplate from ''Tēs tou Homērou Odysseias'', front pastedown.
+*''[[Homerou Odysseias]]''
-File:DanbySignaturefromHomer.jpg|Inscription "W Danby, Chris. Coll. 1772" from ''Tēs tou Homērou Odysseias'' front flyleaf.
+*''[[Iliad of Homer|The Iliad of Homer]]''
-</gallery>
+*''[[Ilias kai eis Auten Scholia ton Palaion|Ilias kai eis Auten Scholia ton Palaion = Homeri Ilias et Veterum in eam Scholia, quae Vulgo Appellantur Didymi]]''
+*[[Jefferson Inventory]]
+*''[[Odyssey of Homer|The Odyssey of Homer]]''
+*''[[Incerti Scriptoris Graeci Fabulae Aliquot Homericae de Ulixis Erroribus|Incerti Scriptoris Graeci Fabulae Aliquot Homericae de Ulixis Erroribus, Ethice Explicatae]]''
+*[[George Wythe Room]]
+*[[Wythe's Library]]
+</div>
-===References===
+==References==
 <references/>
+[[Category:George Muirhead]]
 [[Category:George Wythe Collection at William & Mary's Wolf Law Library]]
 [[Category:Greek Literature]]
+[[Category:Homer]]
+[[Category:James Moor]]
+[[Category:John Wayles Eppes' Books]]
 [[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]
+[[Category:Folios]]
+[[Category:Glasgow]]
+[[Category:Greek]]

Difference between revisions of "Homerou Iliados"

Latest revision as of 11:58, 30 November 2022

by Homer

Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library

Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy

See also

References

Navigation menu

Personal tools

Namespaces

Variants

Views

More

Search

About

Tools

Links