Difference between revisions of "Thesaurus Linguae Romanae and Britannicae"

Latest revision as of 08:15, 26 September 2022

by Thomas Cooper

Thesaurus Linguæ Romanæ & Britannicæ
Title page from Thesaurus Linguæ Romanæ & Britannicæ, George Wythe Collection, Wolf Law Library, College of William & Mary.
Author	Thomas Cooper
Editor	{{{editor}}}
Translator	{{{trans}}}
Published	Londini: Quondam Bertheleti, cum priuilegio Regiæ Maiestatis, per Henricum W. Vykes
Date	1565
Edition	First
Language	Latin and English
Volumes	{{{set}}} volume set
Pages	[1812]
Desc.	Folio (34 cm.)
Location	Shelf M-5
	[[Shelf {{{shelf2}}}]]

Bookplate of John Ward of Capesthorne, title page verso.

Thomas Cooper (c.1517 – 1594), theologian and bishop of Winchester,^[1] was master of Magdalen College at Oxford University from 1549 to 1568.^[2] In 1546, he was convinced to continue, and “assume authorship” of, the recently deceased Thomas Elyot's Latin dictionary and thesaurus.^[3] Upon publication, Cooper's Thesaurus bore a tribute to the initial author. Cooper published three revised versions of Elyot's work through 1559, and then published his own Thesaurus Linguæ Romanæ & Britannicæ in 1565, which he revised in four versions through 1587.^[4]

In a note to the reader in early editions (written in Latin), Cooper expressed reservations about being skilled or knowledgeable enough with languages to be qualified to write this thesaurus, alluding to the criticism Elyot received on mistakes in his original book.^[5] Cooper’s 1565 publication initially enjoyed a superior reaction, perhaps due to his speedy rise in authority in the Church of England from dean of Christ Church in 1567 all the way to Bishop of Winchester in 1584.^[6] His reputation would not remain unscathed though, with accusations from multiple authors and scholars that Cooper copied either large sections of other Latin dictionaries and thesauri or paraphrased (perhaps even simply transcribed) entire works.^[7] This controversy continued for over four centuries, yet the “instances of borrowing” do not negate the improvements Cooper made on Elyot's initial work.^[8]

Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library

Listed in the Jefferson Inventory of Wythe's Library as "Thesaurus linguae Latinae Cowper. fol." This was one of the titles kept by Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson sold a copy of the same title to the Library of Congress in 1815, but the volume no longer exists to verify the edition or Wythe's prior ownership.^[9] Both George Wythe's Library^[10] on LibraryThing and the Brown Bibliography^[11] include the 1573 London edition of Thesavrvs Lingvæ Romanæ & Britannicæ by Thomas Cooper based on E. Millicent Sowerby's entry in Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson. The Wolf Law Library purchased a copy advertised as the 1573 edition—"Amstelodami 1573" is handwritten on the title page—but comparison of our title page with online versions of the title pages from the 1565 Amsterdam edition and the 1573 London edition conclusively prove that our edition is the 1565 Amsterdam edition. We chose to keep the first edition in part because we do not know definitively that Wythe did not own the 1565 edition.

Manuscript initials, front free endpaper.

Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy

Bound in contemporary full calf with blind rules and remnants of brass hinges on covers. Back relaid and leather reconditioned by Michael Pyron. Manuscript initials on front free endpaper. Armorial bookplate of "John Ward of Capesthorne Com. Cestr and of the Inner Temple Esq. 1704" on title page verso. Title page includes manuscript notes and earlier repairs—missing printed place and date of publication. Instead includes manuscript "Amstelodami, 1573."

Images of the library's copy of this book are available on Flickr. View the record for this book in William & Mary's online catalog.

Full text

See also

References

1. ↑ Margaret Bowker, "Cooper, Thomas (c.1517–1594)" in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, accessed October 7, 2013]
2. ↑ DeWitt T. Starnes, "Thomas Cooper's Thesaurus: A Chapter in Renaissance Lexicography," The University of Texas Studies in English 28 (1949): 15.
3. ↑ D. T. Starnes, "Thomas Cooper and the Bibliotheca Eliotae," The University of Texas Studies in English 30 (1951): 40.
4. ↑ Starnes, "Thomas Cooper's Thesaurus: A Chapter in Renaissance Lexicography," 16.
5. ↑ Starnes, "Thomas Cooper and the Bibliotheca Eliotae," 40.
6. ↑ Starnes, "Thomas Cooper's 'Thesaurus': A Chapter in Renaissance Lexicography," 16.
7. ↑ Ibid., 17.
8. ↑ Starnes, “Thomas Cooper and the Bibliotheca Eliotae," 40-43.
9. ↑ E. Millicent Sowerby, Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson, (Washington, D.C.: The Library of Congress, 1952-1959), 5:86 [no.4794].
10. ↑ LibraryThing, s.v. "Member: George Wythe," accessed on February 24, 2014.
11. ↑ Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433.