http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Lydia_Broadnax&feed=atom&action=historyLydia Broadnax - Revision history2024-03-29T01:28:53ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.27.5http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Lydia_Broadnax&diff=70890&oldid=prevLktesar at 19:34, 13 January 20202020-01-13T19:34:24Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Lydia Broadnax (b. ca. 1742; d. between 1820 and 1827) was [[George Wythe|George Wythe's]] cook.<ref>"[http://www.history.org/almanack/people/bios/biobro.cfm Lydia Broadnax]," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation website, accessed November 5, 2015.</ref> In his book ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons]]'', George Wythe Munford described Broadnax as "a servant of the olden time, respected and trusted by her master, and devotedly attached to him and his—one of those whom he had liberated, but who lived with him from affection."<ref>George Wythe Munford, ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons; Cupid's Sports; The Dream; and the Jewels of Virginia]]'' (Richmond, J.D.K Sleight, 1884), 417.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Lydia Broadnax (b. ca. 1742; d. between 1820 and 1827) was [[George Wythe|George Wythe's]] cook.<ref>"[http://www.history.org/almanack/people/bios/biobro.cfm Lydia Broadnax]," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation website, accessed November 5, 2015.</ref> In his book ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons]]'', George Wythe Munford described Broadnax as "a servant of the olden time, respected and trusted by her master, and devotedly attached to him and his—one of those whom he had liberated, but who lived with him from affection."<ref>George Wythe Munford, ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons; Cupid's Sports; The Dream; and the Jewels of Virginia]]'' (Richmond, J.D.K Sleight, 1884), 417.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Broadnax was born a slave, and was probably trained<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, as she grew up, </del>to be a domestic servant for the Wythe family, or for Richard Taliaferro, the father of Wythe's second wife Elizabeth.<ref>Andrew Nunn McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax, Slave, and Free Woman of Color," ''Southern Studies'' 5, nos. 1 & 2 (Spring/Summer 1994): 18.</ref> She is first listed as a member of Wythe's household in the tax records of 1783,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> and appears in <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">several </del>other records <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">of 1784, 1785, and 1786</del>.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 18.</ref> In each of these records<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, </del>she is identified only as "Lydia." It is possible that she adopted her last name after gaining her freedom in 1787.<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Broadnax was born a slave, and was probably trained to be a domestic servant for the Wythe family, or for Richard Taliaferro, the father of Wythe's second wife Elizabeth.<ref>Andrew Nunn McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax, Slave, and Free Woman of Color," ''Southern Studies'' 5, nos. 1 & 2 (Spring/Summer 1994): 18.</ref> She is first listed as a member of Wythe's household in the tax records of 1783,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> and appears in other records <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the following three years</ins>.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 18.</ref> In each of these records she is identified only as "Lydia." It is possible that she adopted her last name after gaining her freedom in 1787.<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Wythe freed four slaves, including Broadnax, between his wife's death in 1787 and his move to Richmond in 1791.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 19.</ref> According to her manumission record, she was over forty-five years old at the time she was freed. Under the law authorizing the manumission of slaves, this meant that Wythe would remain "responsible for her financial stability," even if she left his household.<ref>Ibid.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Wythe freed four slaves, including Broadnax, between his wife's death in 1787 and his move to Richmond in 1791.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 19.</ref> According to her manumission record, she was over forty-five years old at the time she was freed. Under the law authorizing the manumission of slaves, this meant that Wythe would remain "responsible for her financial stability," even if she left his household.<ref>Ibid.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Broadnax probably moved to Richmond with Wythe in 1791 and worked for him as a paid servant.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Tax records show that by 1797<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, </del>she owned her own property, "a small wooden home on a half-acre of land,"<ref>Bruce Chadwick, ''I Am Murdered: George Wythe, Thomas Jefferson, and the Killing that Shocked a New Nation'' (Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, 2009), 112.</ref> where she took in boarders and earned enough money to support herself.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 19-20.</ref> This property may have been given to her by Wythe, or she might have bought it herself.<ref>Ibid., 19.</ref>  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Broadnax probably moved to Richmond with Wythe in 1791 and worked for him as a paid servant.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Tax records show that by 1797 she owned her own property, "a small wooden home on a half-acre of land,"<ref>Bruce Chadwick, ''I Am Murdered: George Wythe, Thomas Jefferson, and the Killing that Shocked a New Nation'' (Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, 2009), 112.</ref> where she took in boarders and earned enough money to support herself.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 19-20.</ref> This property may have been given to her by Wythe, or she might have bought it herself.<ref>Ibid., 19.</ref>  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Wythe included Broadnax in [[Last Will and Testament|his will]], initially devoting the rent from a piece of property in Richmond to her, another freed slave named Benjamin, and Michael Brown. In a codicil dated February 24, 1806, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">he </del>also left her his fuel.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Wythe included Broadnax in [[Last Will and Testament|his will]], initially devoting the rent from a piece of property in Richmond to her, another freed slave named Benjamin, and Michael Brown. In a codicil dated February 24, 1806, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe </ins>also left her his fuel.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On May 25, 1806, Wythe's <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">grand</del>-nephew [[George Wythe Sweeney]] poisoned the morning coffee <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pot in the Wythe household </del>with arsenic<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, apparently </del>with the intention of murdering Wythe and [[Michael Brown]] and gaining immediate access to his inheritance.<ref>Daniel Berexa, "[http://www.tba.org/journal/the-murder-of-founding-father-george-wythe The Murder of Founding Father George Wythe]," ''Tennessee Bar Journal'', Dec. 21, 2010.</ref> Broadnax, in the Wythe home on the morning of the poisoning, was also a victim of the poisoning.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Unlike Brown, who died on June 1, and Wythe, who died on June 8, she survived the attack. Her health suffered, however, and she was left almost completely blind.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 23.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On May 25, 1806, Wythe's <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">great</ins>-nephew [[George Wythe Sweeney]] poisoned the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe household's </ins>morning <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pot of </ins>coffee with arsenic with the intention of murdering Wythe and [[Michael Brown]] and gaining immediate access to his inheritance.<ref>Daniel Berexa, "[http://www.tba.org/journal/the-murder-of-founding-father-george-wythe The Murder of Founding Father George Wythe]," ''Tennessee Bar Journal'', Dec. 21, 2010.</ref> Broadnax, in the Wythe home on the morning of the poisoning, was also a victim of the poisoning.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Unlike Brown, who died on June 1, and Wythe, who died on June 8, she survived the attack. Her health suffered, however, and she was left almost completely blind.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 23.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In his book ''The Two Parsons'', George Wythe Munford reported Broadnax's version of the events of May 25 "in her own language."<ref>Munford, ''The Two Parsons'', 422.</ref> According to this account, Broadnax found Sweeney looking through Wythe's private desk and reading his will on the day before the poisonings. The next day, while she was making breakfast, she observed Sweeney pour himself a cup of coffee, and afterwards "throw a little white paper in the fire." Soon after these events, Broadnax, Wythe, and Brown all became violently ill. Broadnax concluded, "All these things makes me think Mars George must have put something in the coffee-pot. I didn't see him, but it looks monstrous strange."<ref>Ibid., 422-423.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In his book ''The Two Parsons'', George Wythe Munford reported Broadnax's version of the events of May 25 "in her own language."<ref>Munford, ''The Two Parsons'', 422.</ref> According to this account, Broadnax found Sweeney looking through Wythe's private desk and reading his will on the day before the poisonings. The next day, while she was making breakfast, she observed Sweeney pour himself a cup of coffee, and afterwards "throw a little white paper in the fire." Soon after these events, Broadnax, Wythe, and Brown all became violently ill. Broadnax concluded, "All these things makes me think Mars George must have put something in the coffee-pot. I didn't see him, but it looks monstrous strange."<ref>Ibid., 422-423.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>If this story is true, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and </del>Broadnax <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">did observe Sweeney reading the will and later tampering with the coffee pot, she </del>would have been an invaluable witness in Sweeney's later murder trial. Not only could she speak to his possible motive, but she could testify to highly suspicious behavior, strongly probative of his guilt.<ref>Julian P. Boyd, "The Murder of George Wythe," in ''The Murder of George Wythe: Two Essays'', Julian P. Boyd and W. Edwin Hemphill (Williamsburg, VA: The Institute of Early American History and Culture, 1955), 14.</ref> However, African-American witnesses were not permitted to testify against white defendants in Virginia at <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the </del>time and <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">thus </del>Broadnax was barred from presenting her evidence to the court.<ref>W. Edwin Hemphill, "Examinations of George Wythe Swinney for Forgery and Murder: A Documentary Essay," in ''The Murder of George Wythe: Two Essays'', Julian P. Boyd and W. Edwin Hemphill (Williamsburg, VA: The Institute of Early American History and Culture, 1955), 56-57.</ref> Sweeney was found not guilty of murdering Wythe.<ref>Ibid., 56.</ref>  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>If this story is true, Broadnax would have been an invaluable witness in Sweeney's later murder trial. Not only could she speak to his possible motive, but she could testify to highly suspicious behavior, strongly probative of his guilt.<ref>Julian P. Boyd, "The Murder of George Wythe," in ''The Murder of George Wythe: Two Essays'', Julian P. Boyd and W. Edwin Hemphill (Williamsburg, VA: The Institute of Early American History and Culture, 1955), 14.</ref> However, African-American witnesses were not permitted to testify against white defendants in Virginia at <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">that </ins>time<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, </ins>and Broadnax was barred from presenting her evidence to the court.<ref>W. Edwin Hemphill, "Examinations of George Wythe Swinney for Forgery and Murder: A Documentary Essay," in ''The Murder of George Wythe: Two Essays'', Julian P. Boyd and W. Edwin Hemphill (Williamsburg, VA: The Institute of Early American History and Culture, 1955), 56-57.</ref> Sweeney was found not guilty of murdering Wythe.<ref>Ibid., 56.</ref>  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known of Broadnax's life after the poisonings. She was in poor health, as revealed in a [[Lydia Broadnax to Thomas Jefferson, 9 April 1807|letter written to Thomas Jefferson]] in 1807 in which she asked for financial assistance: "I have tolerable, and comfortable house to live in, but being almost intirely deprived of my eyesight, together with old age and infirmness of health I find it extremely difficult in procuring merely the daily necessities of life—and without some assistance I feel I shall sink under the burden ... I believe it is owing to the dreadful complaint the whole family was afflicted with at the decease of my poor Master—supported to be the effect of poison." The letter may be some indication that Broadnax was literate, although it could just as easily have been written for her, either because she could not write herself or because, as she indicated, she was nearly blind. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">In response to the request, </del>Jefferson sent Broadnax $50.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 22-23.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known of Broadnax's life after the poisonings. She was in poor health, as revealed in a [[Lydia Broadnax to Thomas Jefferson, 9 April 1807|letter written to Thomas Jefferson]] in 1807 in which she asked for financial assistance: "I have tolerable, and comfortable house to live in, but being almost intirely deprived of my eyesight, together with old age and infirmness of health I find it extremely difficult in procuring merely the daily necessities of life—and without some assistance I feel I shall sink under the burden ... I believe it is owing to the dreadful complaint the whole family was afflicted with at the decease of my poor Master—supported to be the effect of poison." The letter may be some indication that Broadnax was literate, although it could just as easily have been written for her, either because she could not write herself or because, as she indicated, she was nearly blind. Jefferson sent Broadnax $50.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 22-23.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>    </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>    </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Despite her infirmity, Broadnax lived <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">at least </del>another thirteen years, and was at least 85 years old at the time of her death. In her will, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">which was </del>dated September 25, 1820, she directed that she be buried in the back of her property, and bequeathed her property and possessions to her two <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">grandnephews</del>.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 23.</ref> There is no evidence that Broadnax was married or had children to whom she could leave her property<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. However </del>some historians believe she was married to Benjamin,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> another former Wythe slave and a beneficiary of Wythe's original will, who died some time between April 1803 and January 1806. Broadnax's will was entered into the Court of Hustings in Richmond on February 26, 1827.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 24.</ref>   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Despite her infirmity, Broadnax lived another thirteen years <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">at the minimum</ins>, and was at least 85 years old at the time of her death. In her will, dated September 25, 1820, she directed that she be buried in the back of her property, and bequeathed her property and possessions to her two <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">greatnephews</ins>.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 23.</ref> There is no evidence that Broadnax was married or had children to whom she could leave her property<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, but </ins>some historians believe she was married to Benjamin,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> another former Wythe slave and a beneficiary of Wythe's original will, who died some time between April 1803 and January 1806. Broadnax's will was entered into the Court of Hustings in Richmond on February 26, 1827.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 24.</ref>   </div></td></tr>
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</table>Lktesarhttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Lydia_Broadnax&diff=68557&oldid=prevGwsweeney: /* External links */2018-07-31T18:42:02Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">External links</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==External links==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==External links==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Harriott Lomax portrays Lydia Broadnax in "Bought and Sold in Williamsburg," in the episode "Unearthing Secret America," ''Scientific American Frontiers'' (Season 13, episode 1, at 27:34). [https://web.archive.org/web/20041113111114/http:/www.pbs.org/saf/14_1301/features/lives4.htm Transcript] at the Internet Archive; [http://www.chedd-angier.com/frontiers/season13.html video] at Chedd-Angier (direct [http://www.chedd-angier.com/video/SAF/SAF_1301.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">mp4link </del>to video]).</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Harriott Lomax portrays Lydia Broadnax in "Bought and Sold in Williamsburg," in the episode "Unearthing Secret America," ''Scientific American Frontiers'' (Season 13, episode 1, at 27:34). [https://web.archive.org/web/20041113111114/http:/www.pbs.org/saf/14_1301/features/lives4.htm Transcript] at the Internet Archive; [http://www.chedd-angier.com/frontiers/season13.html video] at Chedd-Angier (direct [http://www.chedd-angier.com/video/SAF/SAF_1301.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">mp4 link </ins>to video]).</div></td></tr>
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</table>Gwsweeneyhttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Lydia_Broadnax&diff=68556&oldid=prevGwsweeney: /* References */2018-07-31T18:40:34Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">References</span></span></p>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==External links==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">*Harriott Lomax portrays Lydia Broadnax in "Bought and Sold in Williamsburg," in the episode "Unearthing Secret America," ''Scientific American Frontiers'' (Season 13, episode 1, at 27:34). [https://web.archive.org/web/20041113111114/http:/www.pbs.org/saf/14_1301/features/lives4.htm Transcript] at the Internet Archive; [http://www.chedd-angier.com/frontiers/season13.html video] at Chedd-Angier (direct [http://www.chedd-angier.com/video/SAF/SAF_1301.mp4link to video]).</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>Gwsweeneyhttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Lydia_Broadnax&diff=63486&oldid=prevGwsweeney: /* References */2018-02-25T14:25:45Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">References</span></span></p>
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</table>Gwsweeneyhttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Lydia_Broadnax&diff=57088&oldid=prevGwsweeney at 13:27, 27 June 20172017-06-27T13:27:03Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Lydia Broadnax (b. ca. 1742; d. between 1820 and 1827) was [[George Wythe|George <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe’s</del>]] cook.<ref>"[http://www.history.org/almanack/people/bios/biobro.cfm Lydia Broadnax]," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation website, accessed November 5, 2015.</ref> In his book ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons]]'', George Wythe Munford described Broadnax as "a servant of the olden time, respected and trusted by her master, and devotedly attached to him and his—one of those whom he had liberated, but who lived with him from affection."<ref>George Wythe Munford, ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons; <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Cupid’s </del>Sports; The Dream; and the Jewels of Virginia]]'' (Richmond, J.D.K Sleight, 1884), 417.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Lydia Broadnax (b. ca. 1742; d. between 1820 and 1827) was [[George Wythe|George <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe's</ins>]] cook.<ref>"[http://www.history.org/almanack/people/bios/biobro.cfm Lydia Broadnax]," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation website, accessed November 5, 2015.</ref> In his book ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons]]'', George Wythe Munford described Broadnax as "a servant of the olden time, respected and trusted by her master, and devotedly attached to him and his—one of those whom he had liberated, but who lived with him from affection."<ref>George Wythe Munford, ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons; <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Cupid's </ins>Sports; The Dream; and the Jewels of Virginia]]'' (Richmond, J.D.K Sleight, 1884), 417.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Broadnax was born a slave, and was probably trained, as she grew up, to be a domestic servant for the Wythe family, or for Richard Taliaferro, the father of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe’s </del>second wife Elizabeth.<ref>Andrew Nunn McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax, Slave, and Free Woman of Color," ''Southern Studies'' 5, nos. 1 & 2 (Spring/Summer 1994): 18.</ref> She is first listed as a member of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe’s </del>household in the tax records of 1783,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> and appears in several other records of 1784, 1785, and 1786.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 18.</ref> In each of these records, she is identified only as "Lydia." It is possible that she adopted her last name after gaining her freedom in 1787.<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Broadnax was born a slave, and was probably trained, as she grew up, to be a domestic servant for the Wythe family, or for Richard Taliaferro, the father of <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe's </ins>second wife Elizabeth.<ref>Andrew Nunn McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax, Slave, and Free Woman of Color," ''Southern Studies'' 5, nos. 1 & 2 (Spring/Summer 1994): 18.</ref> She is first listed as a member of <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe's </ins>household in the tax records of 1783,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> and appears in several other records of 1784, 1785, and 1786.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 18.</ref> In each of these records, she is identified only as "Lydia." It is possible that she adopted her last name after gaining her freedom in 1787.<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Wythe freed four slaves, including Broadnax, between his <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">wife’s </del>death in 1787 and his move to Richmond in 1791.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 19.</ref> According to her manumission record, she was over forty-five years old at the time she was freed. Under the law authorizing the manumission of slaves, this meant that Wythe would remain "responsible for her financial stability," even if she left his household.<ref>Ibid.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Wythe freed four slaves, including Broadnax, between his <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">wife's </ins>death in 1787 and his move to Richmond in 1791.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 19.</ref> According to her manumission record, she was over forty-five years old at the time she was freed. Under the law authorizing the manumission of slaves, this meant that Wythe would remain "responsible for her financial stability," even if she left his household.<ref>Ibid.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Broadnax probably moved to Richmond with Wythe in 1791 and worked for him as a paid servant.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Tax records show that by 1797, she owned her own property, "a small wooden home on a half-acre of land,"<ref>Bruce Chadwick, ''I Am Murdered: George Wythe, Thomas Jefferson, and the Killing that Shocked a New Nation'' (Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, 2009), 112.</ref> where she took in boarders and earned enough money to support herself.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 19-20.</ref> This property may have been given to her by Wythe, or she might have bought it herself.<ref>Ibid., 19.</ref>  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Broadnax probably moved to Richmond with Wythe in 1791 and worked for him as a paid servant.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Tax records show that by 1797, she owned her own property, "a small wooden home on a half-acre of land,"<ref>Bruce Chadwick, ''I Am Murdered: George Wythe, Thomas Jefferson, and the Killing that Shocked a New Nation'' (Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, 2009), 112.</ref> where she took in boarders and earned enough money to support herself.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 19-20.</ref> This property may have been given to her by Wythe, or she might have bought it herself.<ref>Ibid., 19.</ref>  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Wythe included Broadnax in [[Last Will and Testament|his will]], initially devoting the rent from a piece of property in Richmond to her, another freed slave named Benjamin, and Michael Brown<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, </del>. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>In a codicil dated February 24, 1806, he also left her his fuel.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Wythe included Broadnax in [[Last Will and Testament|his will]], initially devoting the rent from a piece of property in Richmond to her, another freed slave named Benjamin, and Michael Brown. In a codicil dated February 24, 1806, he also left her his fuel.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On May 25, 1806, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe’s </del>grand-nephew [[George Wythe Sweeney]] poisoned the morning coffee pot in the Wythe household with arsenic, apparently with the intention of murdering Wythe and [[Michael Brown]] and gaining immediate access to his inheritance.<ref>Daniel Berexa, "[http://www.tba.org/journal/the-murder-of-founding-father-george-wythe The Murder of Founding Father George Wythe]," ''Tennessee Bar Journal'', Dec. 21, 2010.</ref> Broadnax, in the Wythe home on the morning of the poisoning, was also a victim of the poisoning.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Unlike Brown, who died on June 1, and Wythe, who died on June 8, she survived the attack. Her health suffered, however, and she was left almost completely blind.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 23.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On May 25, 1806, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe's </ins>grand-nephew [[George Wythe Sweeney]] poisoned the morning coffee pot in the Wythe household with arsenic, apparently with the intention of murdering Wythe and [[Michael Brown]] and gaining immediate access to his inheritance.<ref>Daniel Berexa, "[http://www.tba.org/journal/the-murder-of-founding-father-george-wythe The Murder of Founding Father George Wythe]," ''Tennessee Bar Journal'', Dec. 21, 2010.</ref> Broadnax, in the Wythe home on the morning of the poisoning, was also a victim of the poisoning.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Unlike Brown, who died on June 1, and Wythe, who died on June 8, she survived the attack. Her health suffered, however, and she was left almost completely blind.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 23.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In his book ''The Two Parsons'', George Wythe Munford reported <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Broadnax’s </del>version of the events of May 25 "in her own language."<ref>Munford, ''The Two Parsons'', 422.</ref> According to this account, Broadnax found Sweeney looking through <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe’s </del>private desk and reading his will on the day before the poisonings. The next day, while she was making breakfast, she observed Sweeney pour himself a cup of coffee, and afterwards "throw a little white paper in the fire." Soon after these events, Broadnax, Wythe, and Brown all became violently ill. Broadnax concluded, "All these things makes me think Mars George must have put something in the coffee-pot. I <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">didn’t </del>see him, but it looks monstrous strange."<ref>Ibid., 422-423.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In his book ''The Two Parsons'', George Wythe Munford reported <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Broadnax's </ins>version of the events of May 25 "in her own language."<ref>Munford, ''The Two Parsons'', 422.</ref> According to this account, Broadnax found Sweeney looking through <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe's </ins>private desk and reading his will on the day before the poisonings. The next day, while she was making breakfast, she observed Sweeney pour himself a cup of coffee, and afterwards "throw a little white paper in the fire." Soon after these events, Broadnax, Wythe, and Brown all became violently ill. Broadnax concluded, "All these things makes me think Mars George must have put something in the coffee-pot. I <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">didn't </ins>see him, but it looks monstrous strange."<ref>Ibid., 422-423.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>If this story is true, and Broadnax did observe Sweeney reading the will and later tampering with the coffee pot, she would have been an invaluable witness in <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Sweeney’s </del>later murder trial. Not only could she speak to his possible motive, but she could testify to highly suspicious behavior, strongly probative of his guilt.<ref>Julian P. Boyd, "The Murder of George Wythe," in ''The Murder of George Wythe: Two Essays'', Julian P. Boyd and W. Edwin Hemphill (Williamsburg, VA: The Institute of Early American History and Culture, 1955), 14.</ref> However, African-American witnesses were not permitted to testify against white defendants in Virginia at the time and thus Broadnax was barred from presenting her evidence to the court.<ref>W. Edwin Hemphill, "Examinations of George Wythe Swinney for Forgery and Murder: A Documentary Essay," in ''The Murder of George Wythe: Two Essays'', Julian P. Boyd and W. Edwin Hemphill (Williamsburg, VA: The Institute of Early American History and Culture, 1955), 56-57.</ref> Sweeney was found not guilty of murdering Wythe.<ref>Ibid., 56.</ref>  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>If this story is true, and Broadnax did observe Sweeney reading the will and later tampering with the coffee pot, she would have been an invaluable witness in <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Sweeney's </ins>later murder trial. Not only could she speak to his possible motive, but she could testify to highly suspicious behavior, strongly probative of his guilt.<ref>Julian P. Boyd, "The Murder of George Wythe," in ''The Murder of George Wythe: Two Essays'', Julian P. Boyd and W. Edwin Hemphill (Williamsburg, VA: The Institute of Early American History and Culture, 1955), 14.</ref> However, African-American witnesses were not permitted to testify against white defendants in Virginia at the time and thus Broadnax was barred from presenting her evidence to the court.<ref>W. Edwin Hemphill, "Examinations of George Wythe Swinney for Forgery and Murder: A Documentary Essay," in ''The Murder of George Wythe: Two Essays'', Julian P. Boyd and W. Edwin Hemphill (Williamsburg, VA: The Institute of Early American History and Culture, 1955), 56-57.</ref> Sweeney was found not guilty of murdering Wythe.<ref>Ibid., 56.</ref>  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Broadnax’s </del>life after the poisonings. She was in poor health, as revealed in a letter written to <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[</del>Thomas Jefferson]] in 1807 in which she asked for financial assistance: "I have tolerable, and comfortable house to live in, but being almost intirely deprived of my eyesight, together with old age and infirmness of health I find it extremely difficult in procuring merely the daily necessities of life—and without some assistance I feel I shall sink under the burden ... I believe it is owing to the dreadful complaint the whole family was afflicted with at the decease of my poor Master—supported to be the effect of poison." The letter may be some indication that Broadnax was literate, although it could just as easily have been written for her, either because she could not write herself or because, as she indicated, she was nearly blind. In response to the request, Jefferson sent Broadnax $50.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 22-23.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known of <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Broadnax's </ins>life after the poisonings. She was in poor health, as revealed in a <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[Lydia Broadnax to Thomas Jefferson, 9 April 1807|</ins>letter written to Thomas Jefferson]] in 1807 in which she asked for financial assistance: "I have tolerable, and comfortable house to live in, but being almost intirely deprived of my eyesight, together with old age and infirmness of health I find it extremely difficult in procuring merely the daily necessities of life—and without some assistance I feel I shall sink under the burden ... I believe it is owing to the dreadful complaint the whole family was afflicted with at the decease of my poor Master—supported to be the effect of poison." The letter may be some indication that Broadnax was literate, although it could just as easily have been written for her, either because she could not write herself or because, as she indicated, she was nearly blind. In response to the request, Jefferson sent Broadnax $50.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 22-23.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>    </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>    </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Despite her infirmity, Broadnax lived at least another thirteen years, and was at least 85 years old at the time of her death. In her will, which was dated September 25, 1820, she directed that she be buried in the back of her property, and bequeathed her property and possessions to her two grandnephews.<ref>McKnight, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">“Lydia </del>Broadnax,<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">” </del>23.</ref> There is no evidence that Broadnax was married or had children to whom she could leave her property. However some historians believe she was married to Benjamin,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> another former Wythe slave and a beneficiary of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe’s </del>original will, who died some time between April 1803 and January 1806. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Broadnax’s </del>will was entered into the Court of Hustings in Richmond on February 26, 1827.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 24.</ref>   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Despite her infirmity, Broadnax lived at least another thirteen years, and was at least 85 years old at the time of her death. In her will, which was dated September 25, 1820, she directed that she be buried in the back of her property, and bequeathed her property and possessions to her two grandnephews.<ref>McKnight, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">"Lydia </ins>Broadnax,<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" </ins>23.</ref> There is no evidence that Broadnax was married or had children to whom she could leave her property. However some historians believe she was married to Benjamin,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> another former Wythe slave and a beneficiary of <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Wythe's </ins>original will, who died some time between April 1803 and January 1806. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Broadnax's </ins>will was entered into the Court of Hustings in Richmond on February 26, 1827.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 24.</ref>   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==See also==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==See also==</div></td></tr>
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</table>Gwsweeneyhttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Lydia_Broadnax&diff=56252&oldid=prevGwsweeney: /* See also */2017-03-06T16:13:55Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">See also</span></span></p>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">*[[Lydia Broadnax to Thomas Jefferson, 9 April 1807]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>Gwsweeneyhttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Lydia_Broadnax&diff=45966&oldid=prevLktesar: /* See Also */2015-12-04T20:49:10Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">See Also</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Despite her infirmity, Broadnax lived at least another thirteen years, and was at least 85 years old at the time of her death. In her will, which was dated September 25, 1820, she directed that she be buried in the back of her property, and bequeathed her property and possessions to her two grandnephews.<ref>McKnight, “Lydia Broadnax,” 23.</ref> There is no evidence that Broadnax was married or had children to whom she could leave her property. However some historians believe she was married to Benjamin,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> another former Wythe slave and a beneficiary of Wythe’s original will, who died some time between April 1803 and January 1806. Broadnax’s will was entered into the Court of Hustings in Richmond on February 26, 1827.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 24.</ref>   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Despite her infirmity, Broadnax lived at least another thirteen years, and was at least 85 years old at the time of her death. In her will, which was dated September 25, 1820, she directed that she be buried in the back of her property, and bequeathed her property and possessions to her two grandnephews.<ref>McKnight, “Lydia Broadnax,” 23.</ref> There is no evidence that Broadnax was married or had children to whom she could leave her property. However some historians believe she was married to Benjamin,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> another former Wythe slave and a beneficiary of Wythe’s original will, who died some time between April 1803 and January 1806. Broadnax’s will was entered into the Court of Hustings in Richmond on February 26, 1827.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 24.</ref>   </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|"Chancellor Wythe's Death"]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|"Chancellor Wythe's Death"]]</div></td></tr>
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</table>Lktesarhttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Lydia_Broadnax&diff=45760&oldid=prevLktesar: /* See Also */2015-12-02T18:43:24Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">See Also</span></span></p>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">*[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|"Chancellor Wythe's Death"]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>Lktesarhttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Lydia_Broadnax&diff=45758&oldid=prevLktesar at 18:42, 2 December 20152015-12-02T18:42:46Z<p></p>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 18:42, 2 December 2015</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Lydia Broadnax (b. ca. 1742; d. between 1820 and 1827) was [[George Wythe|George Wythe’s]] cook.<ref>"[http://www.history.org/almanack/people/bios/biobro.cfm Lydia Broadnax]," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation website, accessed November 5, 2015.</ref> In his book ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons]]'', <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[</del>George Wythe Munford<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]] </del>described Broadnax as "a servant of the olden time, respected and trusted by her master, and devotedly attached to him and his—one of those whom he had liberated, but who lived with him from affection."<ref>George Wythe Munford, ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons; Cupid’s Sports; The Dream; and the Jewels of Virginia]]'' (Richmond, J.D.K Sleight, 1884), 417.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Lydia Broadnax (b. ca. 1742; d. between 1820 and 1827) was [[George Wythe|George Wythe’s]] cook.<ref>"[http://www.history.org/almanack/people/bios/biobro.cfm Lydia Broadnax]," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation website, accessed November 5, 2015.</ref> In his book ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons]]'', George Wythe Munford described Broadnax as "a servant of the olden time, respected and trusted by her master, and devotedly attached to him and his—one of those whom he had liberated, but who lived with him from affection."<ref>George Wythe Munford, ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons; Cupid’s Sports; The Dream; and the Jewels of Virginia]]'' (Richmond, J.D.K Sleight, 1884), 417.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Broadnax was born a slave, and was probably trained, as she grew up, to be a domestic servant for the Wythe family, or for Richard Taliaferro, the father of Wythe’s second wife Elizabeth.<ref>Andrew Nunn McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax, Slave, and Free Woman of Color," ''Southern Studies'' 5, nos. 1 & 2 (Spring/Summer 1994): 18.</ref> She is first listed as a member of Wythe’s household in the tax records of 1783,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> and appears in several other records of 1784, 1785, and 1786.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 18.</ref> In each of these records, she is identified only as "Lydia." It is possible that she adopted her last name after gaining her freedom in 1787.<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Broadnax was born a slave, and was probably trained, as she grew up, to be a domestic servant for the Wythe family, or for Richard Taliaferro, the father of Wythe’s second wife Elizabeth.<ref>Andrew Nunn McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax, Slave, and Free Woman of Color," ''Southern Studies'' 5, nos. 1 & 2 (Spring/Summer 1994): 18.</ref> She is first listed as a member of Wythe’s household in the tax records of 1783,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> and appears in several other records of 1784, 1785, and 1786.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 18.</ref> In each of these records, she is identified only as "Lydia." It is possible that she adopted her last name after gaining her freedom in 1787.<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref></div></td></tr>
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</table>Lktesarhttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Lydia_Broadnax&diff=45756&oldid=prevLktesar: Written by Stephanie Wilmes.2015-12-02T18:41:51Z<p>Written by Stephanie Wilmes.</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>Lydia Broadnax (b. ca. 1742; d. between 1820 and 1827) was [[George Wythe|George Wythe’s]] cook.<ref>"[http://www.history.org/almanack/people/bios/biobro.cfm Lydia Broadnax]," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation website, accessed November 5, 2015.</ref> In his book ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons]]'', [[George Wythe Munford]] described Broadnax as "a servant of the olden time, respected and trusted by her master, and devotedly attached to him and his—one of those whom he had liberated, but who lived with him from affection."<ref>George Wythe Munford, ''[[Chancellor Wythe's Death|The Two Parsons; Cupid’s Sports; The Dream; and the Jewels of Virginia]]'' (Richmond, J.D.K Sleight, 1884), 417.</ref><br />
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Broadnax was born a slave, and was probably trained, as she grew up, to be a domestic servant for the Wythe family, or for Richard Taliaferro, the father of Wythe’s second wife Elizabeth.<ref>Andrew Nunn McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax, Slave, and Free Woman of Color," ''Southern Studies'' 5, nos. 1 & 2 (Spring/Summer 1994): 18.</ref> She is first listed as a member of Wythe’s household in the tax records of 1783,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> and appears in several other records of 1784, 1785, and 1786.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 18.</ref> In each of these records, she is identified only as "Lydia." It is possible that she adopted her last name after gaining her freedom in 1787.<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref><br />
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Wythe freed four slaves, including Broadnax, between his wife’s death in 1787 and his move to Richmond in 1791.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 19.</ref> According to her manumission record, she was over forty-five years old at the time she was freed. Under the law authorizing the manumission of slaves, this meant that Wythe would remain "responsible for her financial stability," even if she left his household.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
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Broadnax probably moved to Richmond with Wythe in 1791 and worked for him as a paid servant.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Tax records show that by 1797, she owned her own property, "a small wooden home on a half-acre of land,"<ref>Bruce Chadwick, ''I Am Murdered: George Wythe, Thomas Jefferson, and the Killing that Shocked a New Nation'' (Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, 2009), 112.</ref> where she took in boarders and earned enough money to support herself.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 19-20.</ref> This property may have been given to her by Wythe, or she might have bought it herself.<ref>Ibid., 19.</ref> <br />
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Wythe included Broadnax in [[Last Will and Testament|his will]], initially devoting the rent from a piece of property in Richmond to her, another freed slave named Benjamin, and Michael Brown, . In a codicil dated February 24, 1806, he also left her his fuel.<br />
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On May 25, 1806, Wythe’s grand-nephew [[George Wythe Sweeney]] poisoned the morning coffee pot in the Wythe household with arsenic, apparently with the intention of murdering Wythe and [[Michael Brown]] and gaining immediate access to his inheritance.<ref>Daniel Berexa, "[http://www.tba.org/journal/the-murder-of-founding-father-george-wythe The Murder of Founding Father George Wythe]," ''Tennessee Bar Journal'', Dec. 21, 2010.</ref> Broadnax, in the Wythe home on the morning of the poisoning, was also a victim of the poisoning.<ref>Ibid.</ref> Unlike Brown, who died on June 1, and Wythe, who died on June 8, she survived the attack. Her health suffered, however, and she was left almost completely blind.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 23.</ref><br />
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In his book ''The Two Parsons'', George Wythe Munford reported Broadnax’s version of the events of May 25 "in her own language."<ref>Munford, ''The Two Parsons'', 422.</ref> According to this account, Broadnax found Sweeney looking through Wythe’s private desk and reading his will on the day before the poisonings. The next day, while she was making breakfast, she observed Sweeney pour himself a cup of coffee, and afterwards "throw a little white paper in the fire." Soon after these events, Broadnax, Wythe, and Brown all became violently ill. Broadnax concluded, "All these things makes me think Mars George must have put something in the coffee-pot. I didn’t see him, but it looks monstrous strange."<ref>Ibid., 422-423.</ref><br />
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If this story is true, and Broadnax did observe Sweeney reading the will and later tampering with the coffee pot, she would have been an invaluable witness in Sweeney’s later murder trial. Not only could she speak to his possible motive, but she could testify to highly suspicious behavior, strongly probative of his guilt.<ref>Julian P. Boyd, "The Murder of George Wythe," in ''The Murder of George Wythe: Two Essays'', Julian P. Boyd and W. Edwin Hemphill (Williamsburg, VA: The Institute of Early American History and Culture, 1955), 14.</ref> However, African-American witnesses were not permitted to testify against white defendants in Virginia at the time and thus Broadnax was barred from presenting her evidence to the court.<ref>W. Edwin Hemphill, "Examinations of George Wythe Swinney for Forgery and Murder: A Documentary Essay," in ''The Murder of George Wythe: Two Essays'', Julian P. Boyd and W. Edwin Hemphill (Williamsburg, VA: The Institute of Early American History and Culture, 1955), 56-57.</ref> Sweeney was found not guilty of murdering Wythe.<ref>Ibid., 56.</ref> <br />
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Little is known of Broadnax’s life after the poisonings. She was in poor health, as revealed in a letter written to [[Thomas Jefferson]] in 1807 in which she asked for financial assistance: "I have tolerable, and comfortable house to live in, but being almost intirely deprived of my eyesight, together with old age and infirmness of health I find it extremely difficult in procuring merely the daily necessities of life—and without some assistance I feel I shall sink under the burden ... I believe it is owing to the dreadful complaint the whole family was afflicted with at the decease of my poor Master—supported to be the effect of poison." The letter may be some indication that Broadnax was literate, although it could just as easily have been written for her, either because she could not write herself or because, as she indicated, she was nearly blind. In response to the request, Jefferson sent Broadnax $50.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 22-23.</ref><br />
<br />
Despite her infirmity, Broadnax lived at least another thirteen years, and was at least 85 years old at the time of her death. In her will, which was dated September 25, 1820, she directed that she be buried in the back of her property, and bequeathed her property and possessions to her two grandnephews.<ref>McKnight, “Lydia Broadnax,” 23.</ref> There is no evidence that Broadnax was married or had children to whom she could leave her property. However some historians believe she was married to Benjamin,<ref>"Lydia Broadnax," Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</ref> another former Wythe slave and a beneficiary of Wythe’s original will, who died some time between April 1803 and January 1806. Broadnax’s will was entered into the Court of Hustings in Richmond on February 26, 1827.<ref>McKnight, "Lydia Broadnax," 24.</ref> <br />
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==See Also==<br />
*[[Hustings Court Minutes]]<br />
*[[Hustings Court Order Book]]<br />
*[[Memoranda Concerning the Death of Chancellor Wythe|"Memoranda Concerning the Death of Chancellor Wythe"]]<br />
*[[Michael Brown]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/></div>Lktesar