http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Jmsatira&feedformat=atomWythepedia: The George Wythe Encyclopedia - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T10:56:43ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.27.5http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Appendix_to_the_Notes_on_Virginia&diff=37744Appendix to the Notes on Virginia2015-04-23T14:41:44Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family''}}<br />
===by Thomas Jefferson===<br />
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In ''[http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/Notes_on_the_State_of_Virginia Notes on the State of Virginia]'', author [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/Thomas_Jefferson Thomas Jefferson] included a 1774 story about a band of white Virginians led by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Cresap Michael Cresap] that sought revenge for an Indian attack upon a neighbor and instead massacred an innocent Indian family. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logan_%28American_Indian_leader%29 Logan], a Mingo chief, claimed that family to be his own and wrote a speech regarding the massacre for the treaty meeting at the close of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Dunmore%27s_War Dunmore’s War]. <ref>Thomas Jefferson, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=UO0OAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Notes on the State of Virginia]'' (London: John Stockdale, Opposite Burlington-House, Piccadilly, 1787), 104-05.</ref> Jefferson detailed Logan's speech, addressed to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Murray,_4th_Earl_of_Dunmore Lord Dunmore], as:<br /><br />
<blockquote>I appeal to any white man to say, if ever he entered Logan's cabin hungry, and he gave him not meat; if ever he came cold and naked, and he clothed him not. During the course of the last long and bloody war, Logan remained idle in his cabin, an advocate for peace. Such was my love for the whites, that my countrymen pointed as they passed, and said, 'Logan is the friend of white men.' I had even thought to have lived with you, but for the injuries of one man. Col. Cresap, the last spring, in cold blood, and unprovoked, murdered all the relations of Logan, not sparing even my women and children. There runs not a drop of my blood in the veins of any living creature. This called on me for revenge. I have sought it: I have killed many: I have fully glutted my vengeance. For my country, I rejoice at the beams of peace. But do not harbour a thought that mine is the joy of fear. Logan never felt fear. He will not turn on his heel to save his life. Who is there to mourn for Logan?—Not one. <ref>Jefferson, ''Notes'', 105-06.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br /><br />
When Lord Dunmore’s officers returned from the war, word of Logan’s speech spread quickly, with Jefferson describing the speech as "the theme of every conversation" and noting that local newspapers published transcripts of the speech. <ref>Thomas Jefferson, ''[https://archive.org/details/appendixtonoteso00jeff An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family]'' (Philadelphia: S.H. Smith, 1800), 4.</ref> However, in 1782, Jefferson's own publication of Logan’s speech in ''Notes on Virginia'' immediately garnered attention, especially for his retelling of the circumstances surrounding the alleged murder of Chief Logan's family. Jefferson acknowledged that his passage on Logan's speech had "excited some newspaper publications" with doubts of the truth in Jefferson's story of Chief Logan and Colonel Cresap. <ref>Ibid., 3.</ref> Jefferson defended his publication of Logan's speech, stating that the speech he published was "only repeated in the ''Notes on Virginia'' precisely as it had been current more than a dozen years before they were published," thus concurring with "thousands and thousands of others in believing a transaction on authority which merited respect." <ref>Ibid., 4.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
In 1800, Jefferson later published ''An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family'' as an "answer to the charge that [he] had invented the narrative in the Notes to cover up the alleged literary imposture of Logan’s speech." <ref>Thomas Warren Field, ''An Essay Towards an Indian Bibliography: Being a Catalogue of Books, Relating to the History, Antiquities, Languages, Customs, Religion, Wars, Literature, and Origin of the American Indians, in the Library of Thomas W. Field; with Bibliographical and Historical Notes, and Synopses of the Contents of Some of the Works Least Known'' (New York: Scribner, Armstrong, and Co., 1873), 190.</ref> The appendix contained letters, certificates, and depositions that supported Jefferson’s telling of the Logan-Cresap saga, aiming to prove that Logan did give the speech as transcribed and that Cresap did lead the massacre as accused. <ref>"American Review," ''The Monthly Magazine and American Review'' 3, no. 1 (July 1800): 51.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
More modern analyses of the story behind Chief Logan's speech have continued to doubt the accuracy of Jefferson's retelling. Critics accused Jefferson of promoting Logan's eloquence as a speaker, when in fact Logan never publicly delivered the speech. Instead, Logan sent a message that contained his speech to Lord Dunmore, and Logan never attended the treaty meeting himself. <ref>Edward D. Seeber, "Critical Views on Logan’s Speech," ''The Journal of American Folklore'' 60, no. 236 (1947): 137.</ref> Cresap’s involvement in the massacre had been denied as well, and Jefferson was accused of perpetuating an assumption of guilt against Cresap. Further, other critics had pointed to evidence the none of Logan’s children had died in the massacres of 1774, and that the Indians murdered were not, in fact, Logan’s immediate family. <ref>Ibid., 134.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Regardless of its origin, Logan’s speech had a lasting effect on American culture. Still relevant well into the nineteenth century, the speech was praised for having "mingled pride, courage, and sorrow" and subsequently "elevated the character of the native American throughout the intelligent world." <ref>Charles Whittlesey, ''Fugitive Essays, Upon Interesting and Useful Subjects, Relating to the Early History of Ohio: Its Geology and Agriculture, with a Biography of the First Successful Constructor of Steamboats; A Dissertation upon the Antiquity of the Material Universe, and Other Articles, Being a Reprint from Various Periodicals of the Day'' (Hudson, OH: Sawyer, Ingersoll and Co., 1852), 145.</ref> Theodore Roosevelt even wrote that the speech was "perhaps the finest outburst of savage eloquence of which we have any authentic record." <ref>Theodore Roosevelt, ''The Winning of the West'', vol. 1, ''From the Alleghanies to the Mississippi'' (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1889), 237.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
[[Category:American History]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Ruins_of_Athens&diff=37742Ruins of Athens2015-04-23T14:37:58Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ruins of Athens, with Remains and Other Valuable Antiquities in Greece''}}<br />
===by Julien-David Le Roy===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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In 1759, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Sayer Robert Sayer] published ''Ruins of Athens'' as a translated version of ''Les Ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce'' by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]. Le Roy's ''Les ruines'' was a highly controversial work on classical Greek architecture that fueled the intellectual debate among scholars of Greek and Roman art during the eighteenth-century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Despite being billed as a direct translation of ''Les Ruines'', Sayer’s publication of ''Ruins of Athens'' did not include any of Le Roy’s observations on architectural theory and history, nor did Sayer include Le Roy’s narrative regarding his voyage to Greece. Instead, ''Ruins of Athens'' was largely based on George Wheeler’s late seventeenth-century voyage to Greece. <ref>Christopher Drew Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy and the Making of Architectural History'' (New York: Routledge, 2012), 6.</ref> ''Ruins of Athens'' was not faithful to Le Roy’s original architectural figures and drawings, either, as Sayer’s adaptation had "monuments crowded together in invented locations" and was viewed as "a cheap 'pirate' edition" of ''Les Ruines''. <ref>Richard Stoneman, ''Land of Lost Gods: The Search for Classical Greece'', rev. ed. (1987; repr., New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2010), 323.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
While being unfaithful to Le Roy's original material, ''Ruins of Athens'' also served as one of the first works to heavily critique Le Roy’s architectural assertions in ''Les Ruines''. In ''Ruins of Athens'', Sayer accused Le Roy’s architectural measurements of being incorrect, stating that "the small and great Measurements disagree" due to Le Roy’s "own Want of Attention, or inaccuracy of the Engraver." <ref>Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy'', 6.</ref> Le Roy’s work was critiqued by others as well. Three years after the publication of ''Les ruines'', James Stuart and Nicholas Revett published ''[http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/Antiquities_of_Athens Antiquities of Athens]'', a book detailing monumental remains of ancient Greek architecture. Throughout the work, Stuart’s written footnotes continually critiqued Le Roy’s ''Les Ruines''. In turn, Le Roy offered "savage critiques" of ''Antiquities of Athens'', even while many others praised Stuart and Revett for their work. <ref>Jason M. Kelly, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/92790 Society of Dilettanti (''act''. 1732-2003)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 20, 2015.</ref><br /> <br />
<br /><br />
Ultimately, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became credited for developing the field of classical archeology and served as "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, ''Georgian Architecture'', rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref> However, both Le Roy’s ''Les Ruines'' and Sayer’s ''Ruins of Athens'' have been hailed as "less accurate, but nevertheless important" works on classical architecture. <ref>Ibid., 79.</ref> Figures from ''Ruins of Athens'' still appear in modern works on classicism in Greek archeology. <ref>Michael Shanks, ''The Classical Archaeology of Greece: Experiences of the Discipline'' (New York: Routledge, 1996), 71.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Robert Sayer was an English print, map, and chart publisher who catered to the growing public interest in architectural and decorative works in London in the 1750s. Described as a "shrewd and cautious" publisher, Sayer found success based on his commercial skills, not creative skills. Sayer eventually expanded his publication business by reaching provincial, colonial, and foreign markets, but remained based in London. Sayer passed away in 1794. <ref>Susanna Fisher, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50893 Sayer, Roberts (1224/5-1794)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 25, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Antiquities_of_Athens&diff=37740Antiquities of Athens2015-04-23T14:15:46Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''The Antiquities of Athens''}}<br />
===by James Stuart and Nicholas Revett===<br />
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<br />
''Antiquities of Athens'' has been credited as the first accurate survey of ancient Greek architecture to ever be completed, and the work had a profound effect on influencing the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Stuart_%281713%E2%80%931788%29 James Stuart] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Revett Nicholas Revett] were artists and architects who authored ''Antiquities of Athens''. The two have been credited as developing the field of classical archeology and creating "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, Georgian Architecture, rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
The early professional careers of Stuart and Revett were obscure until the two developed their scheme to survey ancient Greek architecture. Their planned excursion was met with great interest, and the proposal for the trip itself was published four times before the first publication of ''Antiquities of Athens''. <ref>Lesley Lawrence, "Stuart and Revett: Their Literary and Architectural Careers," ''Journal of the Warburg Institute'' 2, no. 2 (October 1938): 128-129.</ref> By 1750, Stuart and Revett secured funding and support from various scholars, and after election into the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Society_of_Dilettanti Society of Dilettanti], and the society’s members also backed Stuart and Revett’s journey. Stuart and Revett arrived in Greece in 1751 and had great success in surveying the ancient Greek structures, but they faced a variety of obstacles to gathering architectural measurements, including quarrels with Greek officials, threats by Turkish gangs, and an outbreak of plague of in Athens. Eventually, the two returned to London in 1754 to prepare their drawings for publication. <ref>David Watkin, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/26708?docPos=12 Stuart, James (1713-1788)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed April 16, 2015.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Upon publication in 1762, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became the preeminent work on Greek architecture due to Staurt and Revett’s careful measurements, technical commentary, and accurate reproductions. Most notably, ''Antiquities of Athens'' superseded ''Les Ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce'' by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]. ''Les Ruines'' and its English translation, ''[http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/Ruins_of_Athens#cite_note-5 Ruins of Athens]'', contained inaccurate measurements by Le Roy, and ''Antiquities of Athens'' offered a more definite and proper series of measurements on classical Greek architecture. <ref>Timothy Webb, ''English Romantic Hellenism, 1700-1824'' (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1982), 90. </ref> In fact, the delay of publishing ''Antiquities of Athens'' occurred because Stuart took ample time working critiques of Le Roy’s work into the text of ''Antiquities of Athens''. <ref>Watkin, "Stuart, James." </ref> Ultimately, continued public interest led to four published volumes of ''Antiquities of Athens'', with Stuart’s descendants publishing the fourth volume in 1816. <ref>Lawrence, "Stuart and Revett," 129. </ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Stuart and Revett worked on a variety of artistic projects following their successful publication of the ''Antiquities of Athens''. Stuart became widely known for his classical interior work in family homes, and his dedication to Greek architectural styles led to the nickname "Athenian Stuart." After a well-renowned career, Stuart passed away suddenly in 1788. <ref>Watkin, "Stuart, James."</ref> Even more than two centuries after his death, rediscovery of Stuart’s work still makes news. <ref>Kerry Bristol, "A Newly-Discovered Drawing by James Stuart," ''Architectural History'' 44 (2001): 39.</ref> Revett, on the other hand, received most of his commissions through one patron, Lord Le Despenser, who had close ties with the Society of Dilettanti. After finishing his final building in 1780, Revett passed away years later in 1804. <ref>Anne Purchas, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/23395?docPos=13 Revett, Nicholas (1721-1804)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed April 16, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
Listed in the [[Jefferson Inventory]] of [[Wythe's Library]] as "Stewart & Revett's Antiquities of Athens" and given by [[Thomas Jefferson]] to [[James Dinsmore]], a carpenter at Monticello. Both Brown's Bibliography<ref>Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012, rev. 2014) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433</ref> and [http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe George Wythe's Library]<ref>''LibraryThing'', s.v. "[http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe Member: George Wythe]," accessed on June 28, 2013.</ref> on LibraryThing suggest Wythe only owned volume one (1762) perhaps because Jefferson only owned volume one.<ref>E. Millicent Sowerby, ''Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson'', 2nd ed. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1983), 4:368 [no.4190].</ref> As yet, the Wolf Law Library has been unable to procure a copy of ''The Antiquities of Athens''.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Antiquities_of_Athens&diff=37738Antiquities of Athens2015-04-23T14:11:17Z<p>Jmsatira: Summary paragraphs by John Satira</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''The Antiquities of Athens''}}<br />
===by James Stuart and Nicholas Revett===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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<br />
''Antiquities of Athens'' has been credited as the first accurate survey of ancient Greek architecture to ever be completed, and the work had a profound effect on influencing the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Stuart_%281713%E2%80%931788%29 James Stuart] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Revett Nicholas Revett] were artists and architects who authored ''Antiquities of Athens''. The two have been credited as developing the field of classical archeology and creating "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, Georgian Architecture, rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
The early professional careers of Stuart and Revett were obscure until the two developed their scheme to survey ancient Greek architecture. Their planned excursion was met with great interest, and the proposal for the trip itself was published four times before the first publication of ''Antiquities of Athens''. <ref>Lesley Lawrence, "Stuart and Revett: Their Literary and Architectural Careers," ''Journal of the Warburg Institute'' 2, no. 2 (October 1938): 128-129.</ref> By 1750, Stuart and Revett secured funding and support from various scholars, and after election into the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Society_of_Dilettanti Society of Dilettanti], and the society’s members also backed Stuart and Revett’s journey. Stuart and Revett arrived in Greece in 1751 and had great success in surveying the ancient Greek structures, but they faced a variety of obstacles to gathering architectural measurements, including quarrels with Greek officials, threats by Turkish gangs, and an outbreak of plague of in Athens. Eventually, the two returned to London in 1754 to prepare their drawings for publication. <ref>David Watkin, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/26708?docPos=12 Stuart, James (1713-1788)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed April 16, 2015.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Upon publication in 1762, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became the preeminent work on Greek architecture due to Staurt and Revett’s careful measurements, technical commentary, and accurate reproductions. Most notably, ''Antiquities of Athens'' superseded ''Les Ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce'' by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]. ''Les Ruines'' and its English translation, ''[http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/Ruins_of_Athens#cite_note-5 Ruins of Athens]'', contained inaccurate measurements by Le Roy, and ''Antiquities of Athens'' offered a more definite and proper series of measurements on classical Greek architecture. <ref>Timothy Webb, ''English Romantic Hellenism, 1700-1824'' (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1982), 90. </ref> In fact, the delay of publishing ''Antiquities of Athens'' occurred because Stuart took ample time working critiques of Le Roy’s work into the text of ''Antiquities of Athens''. <ref>Watkin, "Stuart, James." </ref> Ultimately, continued public interest led to four published volumes of ''Antiquities of Athens'', with Stuart’s descendants publishing the fourth volume in 1816. <ref>Lawrence, "Stuart and Revett," 129. </ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Stuart and Revett worked on a variety of artistic projects following their successful publication of the ''Antiquities of Athens''. Stuart became widely known for his classical interior work in family homes, and his dedication to Greek architectural styles led to the nickname "Athenian Stuart." After a well-renowned career, Stuart passed away suddenly in 1788. <ref>Watkin, "Stuart, James."</ref> Even modern rediscovery of Stuart’s work still makes news. <ref>Kerry Bristol, "A Newly-Discovered Drawing by James Stuart," ''Architectural History'' 44 (2001): 39.</ref> Revett, on the other hand, received most of his commissions through one patron, Lord Le Despenser, who had close ties with the Society of Dilettanti. After finishing his final building in 1780, Revett passed away twenty-five years later in 1804. <ref>Anne Purchas, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/23395?docPos=13 Revett, Nicholas (1721-1804)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed April 16, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
Listed in the [[Jefferson Inventory]] of [[Wythe's Library]] as "Stewart & Revett's Antiquities of Athens" and given by [[Thomas Jefferson]] to [[James Dinsmore]], a carpenter at Monticello. Both Brown's Bibliography<ref>Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012, rev. 2014) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433</ref> and [http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe George Wythe's Library]<ref>''LibraryThing'', s.v. "[http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe Member: George Wythe]," accessed on June 28, 2013.</ref> on LibraryThing suggest Wythe only owned volume one (1762) perhaps because Jefferson only owned volume one.<ref>E. Millicent Sowerby, ''Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson'', 2nd ed. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1983), 4:368 [no.4190].</ref> As yet, the Wolf Law Library has been unable to procure a copy of ''The Antiquities of Athens''.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Antiquities_of_Athens&diff=37726Antiquities of Athens2015-04-22T13:47:22Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''The Antiquities of Athens''}}<br />
===by James Stuart and Nicholas Revett===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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<br />
''Antiquities of Athens'' has been credited as the first accurate survey of ancient Greek architecture to ever be completed, and the work had a profound effect on influencing the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. James Stuart and Nicholas Revett, as authors of ''Antiquities of Athens'', have been credited as developing the field of classical archeology and creating "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, Georgian Architecture, rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
The early professional careers of Stuart and Revett were obscure until the two developed their scheme to survey ancient Greek architecture. Their planned excursion was met with great interest, and the proposal for the trip itself was published four times before the first publication of ''Antiquities of Athens''. <ref>Lesley Lawrence, "Stuart and Revett: Their Literary and Architectural Careers," ''Journal of the Warburg Institute'' 2, no. 2 (October 1938): 128-129.</ref> By 1750, Stuart and Revett secured funding and support from various scholars, and after election into the Society of Dilettanti, and the society’s members also backed Stuart and Revett’s journey. Stuart and Revett arrived in Greece in 1751 and had great success in surveying the ancient Greek structures, but they faced a variety of obstacles to gathering architectural measurements, including quarrels with Greek officials, threats by Turkish gangs, and an outbreak of plague of in Athens. Eventually, the two returned to London in 1754 to prepare their drawings for publication. <ref>David Watkin, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/26708?docPos=12 Stuart, James (1713-1788)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed April 16, 2015.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Upon publication, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became the preeminent work on Greek architecture due to Staurt and Revett’s careful measurements, technical commentary, and accurate reproductions. Most notably, ''Antiquities of Athens'' superseded ''Les Ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce'' by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]. ''Les Ruines'' and its English translation, ''[http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/Ruins_of_Athens#cite_note-5 Ruins of Athens]'', contained inaccurate measurements by Le Roy, and ''Antiquities of Athens'' offered a more definite and proper series of measurements on classical Greek architecture. <ref>Timothy Webb, ''English Romantic Hellenism, 1700-1824'' (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1982), 90. </ref> In fact, the delay of publishing ''Antiquities of Athens'' occurred because Stuart took ample time working critiques of Le Roy’s work into the text of ''Antiquities of Athens''. <ref>Watkin, "Stuart, James." </ref> Ultimately, continued public interest led to four published volumes of ''Antiquities of Athens'', with Stuart’s descendants publishing the fourth volume in 1816. <ref>Lawrence, "Stuart and Revett," 129. </ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
James Stuart and Nicholas Revett were artists and architects who worked on a variety of artistic projects following their successful publication of the ''Antiquities of Athens''. Stuart became widely known for his classical interior work in family homes, and his dedication to Greek architectural styles led to the nickname "Athenian Stuart." After a well-renowned career, Stuart passed away suddenly in 1788. <ref>Watkin, "Stuart, James."</ref> Even in modern times, rediscovery of Stuart’s work still makes news. <ref>Kerry Bristol, "A Newly-Discovered Drawing by James Stuart," ''Architectural History'' 44 (2001): 39.</ref> Revett, on the other hand, received most of his commissions through one patron, Lord Le Despenser, who had close ties with the Society of Dilettanti. After finishing his final building in 1780, Revett passed away twenty-five years later in 1804. <ref>Anne Purchas, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/23395?docPos=13 Revett, Nicholas (1721-1804)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed April 16, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
Listed in the [[Jefferson Inventory]] of [[Wythe's Library]] as "Stewart & Revett's Antiquities of Athens" and given by [[Thomas Jefferson]] to [[James Dinsmore]], a carpenter at Monticello. Both Brown's Bibliography<ref>Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012, rev. 2014) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433</ref> and [http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe George Wythe's Library]<ref>''LibraryThing'', s.v. "[http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe Member: George Wythe]," accessed on June 28, 2013.</ref> on LibraryThing suggest Wythe only owned volume one (1762) perhaps because Jefferson only owned volume one.<ref>E. Millicent Sowerby, ''Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson'', 2nd ed. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1983), 4:368 [no.4190].</ref> As yet, the Wolf Law Library has been unable to procure a copy of ''The Antiquities of Athens''.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Appendix_to_the_Notes_on_Virginia&diff=37724Appendix to the Notes on Virginia2015-04-22T13:44:56Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
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===by Thomas Jefferson===<br />
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In ''[http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/Notes_on_the_State_of_Virginia Notes on the State of Virginia]'', author [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/Thomas_Jefferson Thomas Jefferson] included a 1774 story about a band of white Virginians led by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Cresap Michael Cresap] that sought revenge for an Indian attack upon a neighbor and instead massacred an innocent Indian family. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logan_%28American_Indian_leader%29 Logan], a Mingo chief, claimed that family to be his own, and wrote a speech regarding the massacre to Lord Dunmore at the treaty meeting at the close of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Dunmore%27s_War Dunmore’s War]. <ref>Thomas Jefferson, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=UO0OAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Notes on the State of Virginia]'' (London: John Stockdale, Opposite Burlington-House, Piccadilly, 1787), 104-05.</ref> Jefferson detailed Logan's speech as:<br /><br />
<blockquote>I appeal to any white man to say, if ever he entered Logan's cabin hungry, and he gave him not meat; if ever he came cold and naked, and he clothed him not. During the course of the last long and bloody war, Logan remained idle in his cabin, an advocate for peace. Such was my love for the whites, that my countrymen pointed as they passed, and said, 'Logan is the friend of white men.' I had even thought to have lived with you, but for the injuries of one man. Col. Cresap, the last spring, in cold blood, and unprovoked, murdered all the relations of Logan, not sparing even my women and children. There runs not a drop of my blood in the veins of any living creature. This called on me for revenge. I have sought it: I have killed many: I have fully glutted my vengeance. For my country, I rejoice at the beams of peace. But do not harbour a thought that mine is the joy of fear. Logan never felt fear. He will not turn on his heel to save his life. Who is there to mourn for Logan?—Not one. <ref>Jefferson, ''Notes'', 105-06.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br /><br />
When Lord Dunmore’s officers returned from the war, word of Logan’s speech spread quickly, with Jefferson describing the speech as "the theme of every conversation" and noting that local newspapers published transcripts of the speech. <ref>Thomas Jefferson, ''[https://archive.org/details/appendixtonoteso00jeff An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family]'' (Philadelphia: S.H. Smith, 1800), 4.</ref> However, in 1782, Jefferson's own publication of Logan’s speech in ''Notes on Virginia'' immediately garnered attention, especially for his retelling of the circumstances surrounding the alleged murder of Chief Logan's family. Jefferson acknowledged that his passage on Logan's speech had "excited some newspaper publications" with doubts of the truth in Jefferson's story of Chief Logan and Colonel Cresap. <ref>Ibid., 3.</ref> Jefferson defended his publication of Logan's speech, stating that the speech he published was "only repeated in the ''Notes on Virginia'' precisely as it had been current more than a dozen years before they were published," thus concurring with "thousands and thousands of others in believing a transaction on authority which merited respect." <ref>Ibid., 4.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
In 1800, Jefferson later published ''An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family'' as an "answer to the charge that [he] had invented the narrative in the Notes to cover up the alleged literary imposture of Logan’s speech." <ref>Thomas Warren Field, ''An Essay Towards an Indian Bibliography: Being a Catalogue of Books, Relating to the History, Antiquities, Languages, Customs, Religion, Wars, Literature, and Origin of the American Indians, in the Library of Thomas W. Field; with Bibliographical and Historical Notes, and Synopses of the Contents of Some of the Works Least Known'' (New York: Scribner, Armstrong, and Co., 1873), 190.</ref> The appendix contained letters, certificates, and depositions that supported Jefferson’s telling of the Logan-Cresap saga, aiming to prove that Logan did give the speech as transcribed and that Cresap did lead the massacre as accused. <ref>"American Review," ''The Monthly Magazine and American Review'' 3, no. 1 (July 1800): 51.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
More modern analyses of the story behind Chief Logan's speech have continued to doubt the accuracy of Jefferson's retelling. Critics accused Jefferson of promoting Logan's eloquence as a speaker, when in fact Logan never publicly delivered the speech. Instead, Logan sent a message that contained his speech to Lord Dunmore, and Logan never attended the treaty meeting himself. <ref>Edward D. Seeber, "Critical Views on Logan’s Speech," ''The Journal of American Folklore'' 60, no. 236 (1947): 137.</ref> Cresap’s involvement in the massacre had been denied as well, and Jefferson was accused of perpetuating an assumption of guilt against Cresap. Further, other critics had pointed to evidence the none of Logan’s children had died in the massacres of 1774, and that the Indians murdered were not, in fact, Logan’s immediate family. <ref>Ibid., 134.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Regardless of its origin, Logan’s speech had a lasting effect on American culture. Still relevant well into the nineteenth century, the speech was praised for having "mingled pride, courage, and sorrow" and subsequently "elevated the character of the native American throughout the intelligent world." <ref>Charles Whittlesey, ''Fugitive Essays, Upon Interesting and Useful Subjects, Relating to the Early History of Ohio: Its Geology and Agriculture, with a Biography of the First Successful Constructor of Steamboats; A Dissertation upon the Antiquity of the Material Universe, and Other Articles, Being a Reprint from Various Periodicals of the Day'' (Hudson, OH: Sawyer, Ingersoll and Co., 1852), 145.</ref> Theodore Roosevelt even wrote that the speech was "perhaps the finest outburst of savage eloquence of which we have any authentic record." <ref>Theodore Roosevelt, ''The Winning of the West'', vol. 1, ''From the Alleghanies to the Mississippi'' (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1889), 237.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
[[Category:American History]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Appendix_to_the_Notes_on_Virginia&diff=37604Appendix to the Notes on Virginia2015-04-15T13:34:51Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
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===by Thomas Jefferson===<br />
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In ''[http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/Notes_on_the_State_of_Virginia Notes on the State of Virginia]'', author [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/Thomas_Jefferson Thomas Jefferson] included a 1774 story about a band of white Virginians led by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Cresap Michael Cresap] that sought revenge for an Indian attack upon a neighbor and instead massacred an innocent Indian family. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logan_%28American_Indian_leader%29 Logan], a Mingo chief, claimed that family to be his own, and wrote a speech regarding the massacre to Lord Dunmore at the treaty meeting at the close of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Dunmore%27s_War Dunmore’s War]. <ref>Thomas Jefferson, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=UO0OAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Notes on the State of Virginia]'' (London: John Stockdale, Opposite Burlington-House, Piccadilly, 1787), 104-05.</ref> Jefferson detailed Logan's speech as:<br /><br />
<blockquote>I appeal to any white man to say, if ever he entered Logan's cabin hungry, and he gave him not meat; if ever he came cold and naked, and he clothed him not. During the course of the last long and bloody war, Logan remained idle in his cabin, an advocate for peace. Such was my love for the whites, that my countrymen pointed as they passed, and said, 'Logan is the friend of white men.' I had even thought to have lived with you, but for the injuries of one man. Col. Cresap, the last spring, in cold blood, and unprovoked, murdered all the relations of Logan, not sparing even my women and children. There runs not a drop of my blood in the veins of any living creature. This called on me for revenge. I have sought it: I have killed many: I have fully glutted my vengeance. For my country, I rejoice at the beams of peace. But do not harbour a thought that mine is the joy of fear. Logan never felt fear. He will not turn on his heel to save his life. Who is there to mourn for Logan?—Not one. <ref>Jefferson, ''Notes'', 105-06.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br /><br />
When Lord Dunmore’s officers returned from the war, word of Logan’s speech spread quickly, with Jefferson describing the speech as "the theme of every conversation" and noting that local newspapers published transcripts of the speech. <ref>Thomas Jefferson, ''[https://archive.org/details/appendixtonoteso00jeff An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family]'' (Philadelphia: S.H. Smith, 1800), 4.</ref> However, in 1782, Jefferson's own publication of Logan’s speech in ''Notes on Virginia'' immediately garnered attention, especially for his retelling of the circumstances surrounding the alleged murder of Chief Logan's family. Jefferson acknowledged that his passage on Logan's speech had "excited some newspaper publications" with doubts of the truth in Jefferson's story of Chief Logan and Colonel Cresap. <ref>Ibid., 3.</ref> Jefferson defended his publication of Logan's speech, stating that the speech he published was "only repeated in the ''Notes on Virginia'' precisely as it had been current more than a dozen years before they were published," thus concurring with "thousands and thousands of others in believing a transaction on authority which merited respect." <ref>Ibid., 4.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
In 1800, Jefferson later published ''An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family'' as an "answer to the charge that [he] had invented the narrative in the Notes to cover up the alleged literary imposture of Logan’s speech." <ref>Thomas Warren Field, ''An Essay Towards an Indian Bibliography: Being a Catalogue of Books, Relating to the History, Antiquities, Languages, Customs, Religion, Wars, Literature, and Origin of the American Indians, in the Library of Thomas W. Field; with Bibliographical and Historical Notes, and Synopses of the Contents of Some of the Works Least Known'' (New York: Scribner, Armstrong, and Co., 1873), 190.</ref> The appendix contained letters, certificates, and depositions that supported Jefferson’s telling of the Logan-Cresap saga, aiming to prove that Logan did give the speech as transcribed and that Cresap did lead the massacre as accused. <ref>"American Review," ''The Monthly Magazine and American Review'' 3, no. 1 (July 1800): 51.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
More modern analyses of the story behind Chief Logan's speech have continued to doubt the accuracy of Jefferson's retelling of the story behind the speech. Critics accused Jefferson of promoting Logan's eloquence as a speaker, when in fact Logan never publicly delivered the speech. Instead, Logan sent a message that contained his speech to Lord Dunmore, and Logan never attended the treaty meeting himself. <ref>Edward D. Seeber, "Critical Views on Logan’s Speech," ''The Journal of American Folklore'' 60, no. 236 (1947): 137.</ref> Cresap’s involvement in the massacre had been denied as well, and Jefferson was accused of perpetuating an assumption of guilt against Cresap. Further, other critics had pointed to evidence the none of Logan’s children had died in the massacres of 1774, and that the Indians murdered were not, in fact, Logan’s immediate family. <ref>Ibid., 134.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Regardless of its origin, Logan’s speech had a lasting effect on American culture. Still relevant well into the nineteenth century, the speech was praised for having "mingled pride, courage, and sorrow" and subsequently "elevated the character of the native American throughout the intelligent world." <ref>Charles Whittlesey, ''Fugitive Essays, Upon Interesting and Useful Subjects, Relating to the Early History of Ohio: Its Geology and Agriculture, with a Biography of the First Successful Constructor of Steamboats; A Dissertation upon the Antiquity of the Material Universe, and Other Articles, Being a Reprint from Various Periodicals of the Day'' (Hudson, OH: Sawyer, Ingersoll and Co., 1852), 145.</ref> Theodore Roosevelt even wrote that the speech was "perhaps the finest outburst of savage eloquence of which we have any authentic record." <ref>Theodore Roosevelt, ''The Winning of the West'', vol. 1, ''From the Alleghanies to the Mississippi'' (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1889), 237.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
[[Category:American History]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Appendix_to_the_Notes_on_Virginia&diff=37602Appendix to the Notes on Virginia2015-04-15T13:21:09Z<p>Jmsatira: Summary paragraphs by John Satira</p>
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In ''[http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/Notes_on_the_State_of_Virginia Notes on the State of Virginia]'', author [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/Thomas_Jefferson Thomas Jefferson] included a 1774 story about a band of white Virginians led by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Cresap Michael Cresap] that sought revenge for an Indian attack upon a neighbor and instead massacred an innocent Indian family. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logan_%28American_Indian_leader%29 Logan], a Mingo chief, claimed that family to be his own, and wrote a speech regarding the massacre to Lord Dunmore at the treaty meeting at the close of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Dunmore%27s_War Dunmore’s War]. <ref>Thomas Jefferson, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=UO0OAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Notes on the State of Virginia]'' (London: John Stockdale, Opposite Burlington-House, Piccadilly, 1787), 104-05.</ref>Jefferson detailed Logan's speech as:<br /><br />
<blockquote>I appeal to any white man to say, if ever he entered Logan's cabin hungry, and he gave him not meat; if ever he came cold and naked, and he clothed him not. During the course of the last long and bloody war, Logan remained idle in his cabin, an advocate for peace. Such was my love for the whites, that my countrymen pointed as they passed, and said, 'Logan is the friend of white men.' I had even thought to have lived with you, but for the injuries of one man. Col. Cresap, the last spring, in cold blood, and unprovoked, murdered all the relations of Logan, not sparing even my women and children. There runs not a drop of my blood in the veins of any living creature. This called on me for revenge. I have sought it: I have killed many: I have fully glutted my vengeance. For my country, I rejoice at the beams of peace. But do not harbour a thought that mine is the joy of fear. Logan never felt fear. He will not turn on his heel to save his life. Who is there to mourn for Logan?—Not one. <ref>Jefferson, ''Notes'', 105-06.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br /><br />
When Lord Dunmore’s officers returned from the war, word of Logan’s speech spread quickly, with Jefferson describing the speech as "the theme of every conversation" and noting that local newspapers published transcripts of the speech. <ref>Thomas Jefferson, ''[https://archive.org/details/appendixtonoteso00jeff An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family]'' (Philadelphia: S.H. Smith, 1800), 4.</ref> However, in 1782, Jefferson's own publication of Logan’s speech in ''Notes on Virginia'' immediately garnered attention, especially for his retelling of the circumstances surrounding the alleged murder of Chief Logan's family. Jefferson acknowledged that his passage on Logan's speech had "excited some newspaper publications" with doubts of the truth in Jefferson's story of Chief Logan and Colonel Cresap. <ref>Ibid., 3.</ref> Jefferson defended his publication of Logan's speech, stating that the speech he published was "only repeated in the ''Notes on Virginia'' precisely as it had been current more than a dozen years before they were published," thus concurring with "thousands and thousands of others in believing a transaction on authority which merited respect." <ref>Ibid., 4.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
In 1800, Jefferson later published ''An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family'' "as answer to the charge that [he] had invented the narrative in the Notes to cover up the alleged literary imposture of Logan’s speech." <ref>Thomas Warren Field, ''An Essay Towards an Indian Bibliography: Being a Catalogue of Books, Relating to the History, Antiquities, Languages, Customs, Religion, Wars, Literature, and Origin of the American Indians, in the Library of Thomas W. Field; with Bibliographical and Historical Notes, and Synopses of the Contents of Some of the Works Least Known'' (New York: Scribner, Armstrong, and Co., 1873), 190.</ref> The appendix contained letters, certificates, and depositions that supported Jefferson’s telling of the Logan-Cresap saga, aiming to prove that Logan did give the speech as transcribed and that Cresap did lead the massacre as accused. <ref>"American Review," ''The Monthly Magazine and American Review'' 3, no. 1 (July 1800): 51.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
More modern analyses of the story behind Chief Logan's speech have continued to doubt the accuracy of Jefferson's retelling of the story behind the speech. Critics accused Jefferson of promoting Logan's eloquence as a speaker, when in fact Logan never publicly delivered the speech. Instead, Logan sent a message that contained his speech to Lord Dunmore, and Logan never attended the treaty meeting himself. <ref>Edward D. Seeber, "Critical Views on Logan’s Speech," ''The Journal of American Folklore'' 60, no. 236 (1947): 137.</ref> Cresap’s involvement in the massacre had been denied as well, and Jefferson was accused of perpetuating an assumption of guilt against Cresap. Further, other critics had pointed to evidence the none of Logan’s children had died in the massacres of 1774, and that the Indians murdered were not, in fact, Logan’s immediate family. <ref>Ibid., 134.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Regardless of its origin, Logan’s speech had a lasting effect on American culture. Still relevant well into the nineteenth century, the speech was praised for having "mingled pride, courage, and sorrow" and subsequently "elevated the character of the native American throughout the intelligent world." <ref>Charles Whittlesey, ''Fugitive Essays, Upon Interesting and Useful Subjects, Relating to the Early History of Ohio: Its Geology and Agriculture, with a Biography of the First Successful Constructor of Steamboats; A Dissertation upon the Antiquity of the Material Universe, and Other Articles, Being a Reprint from Various Periodicals of the Day'' (Hudson, OH: Sawyer, Ingersoll and Co., 1852), 145.</ref> Theodore Roosevelt even wrote that the speech was "perhaps the finest outburst of savage eloquence of which we have any authentic record." <ref>Theodore Roosevelt, ''The Winning of the West'', vol. 1, ''From the Alleghanies to the Mississippi'' (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1889), 237.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
[[Category:American History]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Appendix_to_the_Notes_on_Virginia&diff=37600Appendix to the Notes on Virginia2015-04-15T13:19:16Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
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===by Thomas Jefferson===<br />
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In ''[http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/Notes_on_the_State_of_Virginia Notes on the State of Virginia]'', author Thomas Jefferson included a 1774 story about a band of white Virginians led by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Cresap Michael Cresap] that sought revenge for an Indian attack upon a neighbor and instead massacred an innocent Indian family. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logan_%28American_Indian_leader%29 Logan], a Mingo chief, claimed that family to be his own, and wrote a speech regarding the massacre to Lord Dunmore at the treaty meeting at the close of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Dunmore%27s_War Dunmore’s War]. <ref>Thomas Jefferson, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=UO0OAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Notes on the State of Virginia]'' (London: John Stockdale, Opposite Burlington-House, Piccadilly, 1787), 104-05.</ref>Jefferson detailed Logan's speech as:<br /><br />
<blockquote>I appeal to any white man to say, if ever he entered Logan's cabin hungry, and he gave him not meat; if ever he came cold and naked, and he clothed him not. During the course of the last long and bloody war, Logan remained idle in his cabin, an advocate for peace. Such was my love for the whites, that my countrymen pointed as they passed, and said, 'Logan is the friend of white men.' I had even thought to have lived with you, but for the injuries of one man. Col. Cresap, the last spring, in cold blood, and unprovoked, murdered all the relations of Logan, not sparing even my women and children. There runs not a drop of my blood in the veins of any living creature. This called on me for revenge. I have sought it: I have killed many: I have fully glutted my vengeance. For my country, I rejoice at the beams of peace. But do not harbour a thought that mine is the joy of fear. Logan never felt fear. He will not turn on his heel to save his life. Who is there to mourn for Logan?—Not one. <ref>Jefferson, ''Notes'', 105-06.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br /><br />
When Lord Dunmore’s officers returned from the war, word of Logan’s speech spread quickly, with Jefferson describing the speech as "the theme of every conversation" and noting that local newspapers published transcripts of the speech. <ref>Thomas Jefferson, ''[https://archive.org/details/appendixtonoteso00jeff An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family]'' (Philadelphia: S.H. Smith, 1800), 4.</ref> However, in 1782, Jefferson's own publication of Logan’s speech in ''Notes on Virginia'' immediately garnered attention, especially for his retelling of the circumstances surrounding the alleged murder of Chief Logan's family. Jefferson acknowledged that his passage on Logan's speech had "excited some newspaper publications" with doubts of the truth in Jefferson's story of Chief Logan and Colonel Cresap. <ref>Ibid., 3.</ref> Jefferson defended his publication of Logan's speech, stating that the speech he published was "only repeated in the ''Notes on Virginia'' precisely as it had been current more than a dozen years before they were published," thus concurring with "thousands and thousands of others in believing a transaction on authority which merited respect." <ref>Ibid., 4.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
In 1800, Jefferson later published ''An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family'' "as answer to the charge that [he] had invented the narrative in the Notes to cover up the alleged literary imposture of Logan’s speech." <ref>Thomas Warren Field, ''An Essay Towards an Indian Bibliography: Being a Catalogue of Books, Relating to the History, Antiquities, Languages, Customs, Religion, Wars, Literature, and Origin of the American Indians, in the Library of Thomas W. Field; with Bibliographical and Historical Notes, and Synopses of the Contents of Some of the Works Least Known'' (New York: Scribner, Armstrong, and Co., 1873), 190.</ref> The appendix contained letters, certificates, and depositions that supported Jefferson’s telling of the Logan-Cresap saga, aiming to prove that Logan did give the speech as transcribed and that Cresap did lead the massacre as accused. <ref>"American Review," ''The Monthly Magazine and American Review'' 3, no. 1 (July 1800): 51.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
More modern analyses of the story behind Chief Logan's speech have continued to doubt the accuracy of Jefferson's retelling of the story behind the speech. Critics accused Jefferson of promoting Logan's eloquence as a speaker, when in fact Logan never publicly delivered the speech. Instead, Logan sent a message that contained his speech to Lord Dunmore, and Logan never attended the treaty meeting himself. <ref>Edward D. Seeber, "Critical Views on Logan’s Speech," ''The Journal of American Folklore'' 60, no. 236 (1947): 137.</ref> Cresap’s involvement in the massacre had been denied as well, and Jefferson was accused of perpetuating an assumption of guilt against Cresap. Further, other critics had pointed to evidence the none of Logan’s children had died in the massacres of 1774, and that the Indians murdered were not, in fact, Logan’s immediate family. <ref>Ibid., 134.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Regardless of its origin, Logan’s speech had a lasting effect on American culture. Still relevant well into the nineteenth century, the speech was praised for having "mingled pride, courage, and sorrow" and subsequently "elevated the character of the native American throughout the intelligent world." <ref>Charles Whittlesey, ''Fugitive Essays, Upon Interesting and Useful Subjects, Relating to the Early History of Ohio: Its Geology and Agriculture, with a Biography of the First Successful Constructor of Steamboats; A Dissertation upon the Antiquity of the Material Universe, and Other Articles, Being a Reprint from Various Periodicals of the Day'' (Hudson, OH: Sawyer, Ingersoll and Co., 1852), 145.</ref> Theodore Roosevelt even wrote that the speech was "perhaps the finest outburst of savage eloquence of which we have any authentic record." <ref>Theodore Roosevelt, ''The Winning of the West'', vol. 1, ''From the Alleghanies to the Mississippi'' (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1889), 237.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
[[Category:American History]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Appendix_to_the_Notes_on_Virginia&diff=37598Appendix to the Notes on Virginia2015-04-15T13:12:25Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family''}}<br />
===by Thomas Jefferson===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
{{NoBookInfoBox<br />
|shorttitle=Appendix to the Notes on Virginia<br />
|commontitle=<br />
|vol=<br />
|author=Thomas Jefferson<br />
|editor=<br />
|trans=<br />
|publoc=Philadephia<br />
|publisher=S.H. Smith<br />
|year=1800<br />
|edition=<br />
|lang=<br />
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|pages=<br />
|desc=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
In ''Notes on the State of Virginia'', author Thomas Jefferson included a 1774 story about a band of white Virginians led by Colonel Cresap that sought revenge for an Indian attack upon a neighbor and instead massacred an innocent Indian family. Logan, a Mingo chief, claimed that family to be his own, and wrote a speech to Lord Dunmore at the treaty meeting at the close of Dunmore’s War involving the massacre. <ref>Thomas Jefferson, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=UO0OAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Notes on the State of Virginia]'' (London: John Stockdale, Opposite Burlington-House, Piccadilly, 1787), 104-05.</ref>Jefferson detailed Logan's speech as:<br /><br />
<blockquote>I appeal to any white man to say, if ever he entered Logan's cabin hungry, and he gave him not meat; if ever he came cold and naked, and he clothed him not. During the course of the last long and bloody war, Logan remained idle in his cabin, an advocate for peace. Such was my love for the whites, that my countrymen pointed as they passed, and said, 'Logan is the friend of white men.' I had even thought to have lived with you, but for the injuries of one man. Col. Cresap, the last spring, in cold blood, and unprovoked, murdered all the relations of Logan, not sparing even my women and children. There runs not a drop of my blood in the veins of any living creature. This called on me for revenge. I have sought it: I have killed many: I have fully glutted my vengeance. For my country, I rejoice at the beams of peace. But do not harbour a thought that mine is the joy of fear. Logan never felt fear. He will not turn on his heel to save his life. Who is there to mourn for Logan?—Not one. <ref>Jefferson, ''Notes'', 105-06.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br /><br />
When Lord Dunmore’s officers returned from the war, word of Logan’s speech spread quickly, with Jefferson describing the speech as "the theme of every conversation" and noting that local newspapers published transcripts of the speech. <ref>Thomas Jefferson, ''[https://archive.org/details/appendixtonoteso00jeff An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family]'' (Philadelphia: S.H. Smith, 1800), 4.</ref> However, in 1782, Jefferson's own publication of Logan’s speech in ''Notes on Virginia'' immediately garnered attention, especially for his retelling of the circumstances surrounding the alleged murder of Chief Logan's family. Jefferson acknowledged that his passage on Logan's speech had "excited some newspaper publications" with doubts of the truth in Jefferson's story of Chief Logan and Colonel Cresap. <ref>Ibid., 3.</ref> Jefferson defended his publication of Logan's speech, stating that the speech he published was "only repeated in the ''Notes on Virginia'' precisely as it had been current more than a dozen years before they were published," thus concurring with "thousands and thousands of others in believing a transaction on authority which merited respect." <ref>Ibid., 4.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
In 1800, Jefferson later published ''An Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family'' "as answer to the charge that [he] had invented the narrative in the Notes to cover up the alleged literary imposture of Logan’s speech." <ref>Thomas Warren Field, ''An Essay Towards an Indian Bibliography: Being a Catalogue of Books, Relating to the History, Antiquities, Languages, Customs, Religion, Wars, Literature, and Origin of the American Indians, in the Library of Thomas W. Field; with Bibliographical and Historical Notes, and Synopses of the Contents of Some of the Works Least Known'' (New York: Scribner, Armstrong, and Co., 1873), 190.</ref> The appendix contained letters, certificates, and depositions that supported Jefferson’s telling of the Logan-Cresap saga, aiming to prove that Logan did give the speech as transcribed and that Cresap did lead the massacre as accused. <ref>"American Review," ''The Monthly Magazine and American Review'' 3, no. 1 (July 1800): 51.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
More modern analyses of the story behind Chief Logan's speech have continued to doubt the accuracy of Jefferson's retelling of the story behind the speech. Critics accused Jefferson of promoting Logan's eloquence as a speaker, when in fact Logan never publicly delivered the speech. Instead, Logan sent a message that contained his speech to Lord Dunmore, and Logan never attended the treaty meeting himself. <ref>Edward D. Seeber, "Critical Views on Logan’s Speech," ''The Journal of American Folklore'' 60, no. 236 (1947): 137.</ref> Cresap’s involvement in the massacre had been denied as well, and Jefferson was accused of perpetuating an assumption of guilt against Cresap. Further, other critics had pointed to evidence the none of Logan’s children had died in the massacres of 1774, and that the Indians murdered were not, in fact, Logan’s immediate family. <ref>Ibid., 134.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Regardless of its origin, Logan’s speech had a lasting effect on American culture. Still relevant well into the nineteenth century, the speech was praised for having "mingled pride, courage, and sorrow" and subsequently "elevated the character of the native American throughout the intelligent world." <ref>Charles Whittlesey, ''Fugitive Essays, Upon Interesting and Useful Subjects, Relating to the Early History of Ohio: Its Geology and Agriculture, with a Biography of the First Successful Constructor of Steamboats; A Dissertation upon the Antiquity of the Material Universe, and Other Articles, Being a Reprint from Various Periodicals of the Day'' (Hudson, OH: Sawyer, Ingersoll and Co., 1852), 145.</ref> Theodore Roosevelt even wrote that the speech was "perhaps the finest outburst of savage eloquence of which we have any authentic record." <ref>Theodore Roosevelt, ''The Winning of the West'', vol. 1, ''From the Alleghanies to the Mississippi'' (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1889), 237.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
[[Category:American History]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Modern_Geography&diff=37390Modern Geography2015-04-03T12:55:39Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Modern Geography: A Description of the Empires, Kingdoms, States, and Colonies with the Oceans, Seas, and Isles; in All Parts of the World: Including the Most Recent Discoveries, and Political Alterations, Digested on a New Plan''}}<br />
===by John Pinkerton===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
{{BookPageInfoBox<br />
|imagename=PinkertonModernGeography1804TitlePageV1.jpg<br />
|link=https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/563477<br />
|shorttitle=Modern Geography<br />
|vol=volume one<br />
|author=John Pinkerton<br />
|publoc=Philadelphia<br />
|publisher=Published by John Conrad & Co. ... <br />
|year=1804<br />
|lang=English<br />
|set=2<br />
|desc=8vo (23 cm.)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
John Pinkerton’s three-volume ''Modern Geography'' detailed global geography as known in the early nineteenth century. Pinkerton included Europe, Asia, the Americas, and Africa as the four major continental groups within the work, and he detailed specific countries within each continental group. For each country that Pinkerton detailed at length, he included information about four different geographical aspects of the country: historical or progressive geography, political geography, civil geography, and natural geography. <ref>O. F. G. Sitwell, "John Pinkerton: An Armchair Geographer of the Early Nineteenth Century," ''The Geographical Journal'' 138, no. 4 (1972): 474.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
''Modern Geography'' was first published in 1802 and became "instantly popular." High sales of the book led to second and third editions of the work, while abridged versions of ''Modern Geography'' went through multiple editions as well. <ref>Patrick O’Flaherty, ''Scotland’s Pariah: The Life and Work of John Pinkerton, 1758-1826'' (Buffalo, NY: Toronto University Press, 2015), under "Paris Interlude, 1802-1805."</ref> Eventually, the book was adapted and translated into French and Italian. <ref>Sarah Cooper, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22301 Pinkerton, John (1758-1826)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ) accessed March 27, 2015. </ref> Reviews were almost unanimously favorable to ''Modern Geography''. The book was hailed by different reviewers as "a standard of excellence in animated description" and "a monument undoubtedly of singular industry, of extensive knowledge, and of discriminating judgment." <ref>O’Flaherty, ''Scotland’s Pariah'', under "Paris Interlude, 1802-1805."</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
Pinkerton’s motivation for writing ''Modern Geography'' was to be profitable, as he noticed that current "geography books in use left room for a new and better work." <ref>A. A. Wilcock, "'The English Strabo': The Geographical Publications of John Pinkerton," ''Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers'', no. 61 (1974): 36. </ref> To prove the benefits of writing a new publication on geography, Pinkerton wrote a proposal for publishers titled "Ideas on a New System of Geography." In the proposal, Pinkerton attacked the widely used geographical works of author [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Guthrie_%28historian%29 William Guthrie] for poor arrangement, factual errors, and failure to cite authorities, aiming to prove to publishers that a new work would be both necessary and profitable. Pinkerton subsequently detailed his own plans on organization and content in the proposal, and his "hasty and imperfect sketch" would later be realized in the published volumes of Modern Geography. <ref>Ibid., 38-39.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pinkerton John Pinkerton] was a Scottish author, historian, and poet who first gained prominence for compiling collections of Scottish poetry. After his first publication in 1781, Pinkerton gained notoriety as a literary imposter for inserting parts of his own work into the poems of antiquity. However, Pinkerton publicly redeemed himself through his 1786 publication ''Ancient Scotish Poems'', which contained previously unpublished Scottish poetry and included a confession of his earlier deception. Pinkerton later authored works involving geography, history, numismatics, and theater. Despite his literary successes, Pinkerton remained controversial for his unorthodox views on religion and morality. Pinkerton also received criticism for his tumultuous private life, which included a series of failed relationships and marriages. Such controversy kept Pinkerton from advancing his social standing and wealth, and he left London for Paris in 1815. Pinkerton spent the rest of his life in Paris, where illness prevented him from continuing to publish. Pinkerton passed away in 1826. <ref>Cooper, "Pinkerton, John."</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
Listed in the [[Jefferson Inventory]] of [[Wythe's Library]] as ''Pinkerton’s geography. 2.v. 8vo.'' This was one of the titles kept by [[Thomas Jefferson]]. In 1815, Jefferson sold a copy of John Pinkerton's ''Modern Geography'' to the Library of Congress. Both the [https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433 Brown Bibliography]<ref>Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433.</ref> and [http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe George Wythe's Library]<ref>''LibraryThing'', s.v. "[http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe Member: George Wythe]," accessed on November 11, 2013.</ref> on LibraryThing include the 1804 edition of Pinkerton's work based on Millicent Sowerby's entry in ''Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson''.<ref>E. Millicent Sowerby, ''Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson'', 2nd ed. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1983), 4:89-90 [no.3826].</ref> While the Jefferson volumes no longer exist to conclusively verify the edition or Wythe's prior ownership, the Wolf Law Library's [[George Wythe Collection]] includes the edition recommended by Sowerby.<br />
[[File:PinkertonModernGeography1804V1Inscription.jpg|left|thumb|200px|<center>Inscription, front free endpaper, volume one.</center>]]<br />
<br />
==Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy==<br />
Mixed, incomplete set (lacks atlas volume). Volume one bound in contemporary calf. Spine features gilt bands and red morocco, gilt-lettered label and volume number. Includes inscription, "William Taylor's Book 10th Mo 12th 1804" on front free endpaper. Volume two bound in contemporary calf with gilt-ruled spine and red morocco, gilt-lettered label. Gilt volume number. Includes signature "W. Lewis" on front pastedown and title page. Inscription on front free endpaper partially missing. Remnant is "January 26th 1826."<br />
<br />
View the record for this book in [https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/563477 William & Mary's online catalog.]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:George Wythe Collection at William & Mary's Wolf Law Library]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Modern_Geography&diff=37388Modern Geography2015-04-03T12:49:48Z<p>Jmsatira: Summary paragraphs by John Satira</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Modern Geography: A Description of the Empires, Kingdoms, States, and Colonies with the Oceans, Seas, and Isles; in All Parts of the World: Including the Most Recent Discoveries, and Political Alterations, Digested on a New Plan''}}<br />
===by John Pinkerton===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
{{BookPageInfoBox<br />
|imagename=PinkertonModernGeography1804TitlePageV1.jpg<br />
|link=https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/563477<br />
|shorttitle=Modern Geography<br />
|vol=volume one<br />
|author=John Pinkerton<br />
|publoc=Philadelphia<br />
|publisher=Published by John Conrad & Co. ... <br />
|year=1804<br />
|lang=English<br />
|set=2<br />
|desc=8vo (23 cm.)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
John Pinkerton’s three-volume ''Modern Geography'' detailed global geography as known in the early nineteenth century. Pinkerton included Europe, Asia, the Americas, and Africa as the four major continental groups within the work, and he detailed specific countries within each continental group. For each country that Pinkerton detailed at length, he included information about four different geographical aspects of the country: historical or progressive geography, political geography, civil geography, and natural geography. <ref>O. F. G. Sitwell, "John Pinkerton: An Armchair Geographer of the Early Nineteenth Century," ''The Geographical Journal'' 138, no. 4 (1972): 474.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
''Modern Geography'' was first published in 1802 and became "instantly popular." High sales of the book led to second and third editions of the work, while abridged versions of ''Modern Geography'' went through multiple editions as well. <ref>Patrick O’Flaherty, ''Scotland’s Pariah: The Life and Work of John Pinkerton, 1758-1826'' (Buffalo, NY: Toronto University Press, 2015), under "Paris Interlude, 1802-1805."</ref> Eventually, the book was adapted and translated into French and Italian. <ref>Sarah Cooper, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22301 Pinkerton, John (1758-1826)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ) accessed March 27, 2015. </ref> Reviews were almost unanimously favorable to ''Modern Geography''. The book was hailed by different reviewers as "a standard of excellence in animated description" and "a monument undoubtedly of singular industry, of extensive knowledge, and of discriminating judgment." <ref>O’Flaherty, ''Scotland’s Pariah'', under "Paris Interlude, 1802-1805."</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
Pinkerton’s motivation for writing ''Modern Geography'' was to be profitable, as he noticed that current "geography books in use left room for a new and better work." <ref>A. A. Wilcock, "'The English Strabo' the geographical publications of John Pinkerton," ''Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers'', no. 61 (1974): 36. </ref> To prove the benefits of writing a new publication on geography, Pinkerton wrote a proposal for publishers titled "Ideas on a New System of Geography." In the proposal, Pinkerton attacked the widely used geographical works of author [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Guthrie_%28historian%29 William Guthrie] for poor arrangement, factual errors, and failure to cite authorities, aiming to prove to publishers that a new work would be both necessary and profitable. Pinkerton subsequently detailed his own plans on organization and content in the proposal, and his "hasty and imperfect sketch" would later be realized in the published volumes of Modern Geography. <ref>Ibid., 38-39.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pinkerton John Pinkerton] was a Scottish author, historian, and poet who first gained prominence for compiling collections of Scottish poetry. After his first publication in 1781, Pinkerton gained notoriety as a literary imposter for inserting parts of his own work into the poems of antiquity. However, Pinkerton publicly redeemed himself through his 1786 publication ''Ancient Scotish Poems'', which contained previously unpublished Scottish poetry and included a confession of his earlier deception. Pinkerton later authored works involving geography, history, numismatics, and theater. Despite his literary successes, Pinkerton remained controversial for his unorthodox views on religion and morality. Pinkerton also received criticism for his tumultuous private life, which included a series of failed relationships and marriages. Such controversy kept Pinkerton from advancing his social standing and wealth, and he left London for Paris in 1815. Pinkerton spent the rest of his life in Paris, where illness prevented him from continuing to publish. Pinkerton passed away in 1826. <ref>Cooper, "Pinkerton, John."</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
Listed in the [[Jefferson Inventory]] of [[Wythe's Library]] as ''Pinkerton’s geography. 2.v. 8vo.'' This was one of the titles kept by [[Thomas Jefferson]]. In 1815, Jefferson sold a copy of John Pinkerton's ''Modern Geography'' to the Library of Congress. Both the [https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433 Brown Bibliography]<ref>Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433.</ref> and [http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe George Wythe's Library]<ref>''LibraryThing'', s.v. "[http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe Member: George Wythe]," accessed on November 11, 2013.</ref> on LibraryThing include the 1804 edition of Pinkerton's work based on Millicent Sowerby's entry in ''Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson''.<ref>E. Millicent Sowerby, ''Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson'', 2nd ed. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1983), 4:89-90 [no.3826].</ref> While the Jefferson volumes no longer exist to conclusively verify the edition or Wythe's prior ownership, the Wolf Law Library's [[George Wythe Collection]] includes the edition recommended by Sowerby.<br />
[[File:PinkertonModernGeography1804V1Inscription.jpg|left|thumb|200px|<center>Inscription, front free endpaper, volume one.</center>]]<br />
<br />
==Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy==<br />
Mixed, incomplete set (lacks atlas volume). Volume one bound in contemporary calf. Spine features gilt bands and red morocco, gilt-lettered label and volume number. Includes inscription, "William Taylor's Book 10th Mo 12th 1804" on front free endpaper. Volume two bound in contemporary calf with gilt-ruled spine and red morocco, gilt-lettered label. Gilt volume number. Includes signature "W. Lewis" on front pastedown and title page. Inscription on front free endpaper partially missing. Remnant is "January 26th 1826."<br />
<br />
View the record for this book in [https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/563477 William & Mary's online catalog.]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:George Wythe Collection at William & Mary's Wolf Law Library]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Modern_Geography&diff=37340Modern Geography2015-04-02T14:52:34Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Modern Geography: A Description of the Empires, Kingdoms, States, and Colonies with the Oceans, Seas, and Isles; in All Parts of the World: Including the Most Recent Discoveries, and Political Alterations, Digested on a New Plan''}}<br />
===by John Pinkerton===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
{{BookPageInfoBox<br />
|imagename=PinkertonModernGeography1804TitlePageV1.jpg<br />
|link=https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/563477<br />
|shorttitle=Modern Geography<br />
|vol=volume one<br />
|author=John Pinkerton<br />
|publoc=Philadelphia<br />
|publisher=Published by John Conrad & Co. ... <br />
|year=1804<br />
|lang=English<br />
|set=2<br />
|desc=8vo (23 cm.)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
John Pinkerton’s three-volume ''Modern Geography'' detailed global geography as known in the early nineteenth century. Pinkerton included Europe, Asia, the Americas, and Africa as the four major continental groups within the work, and he detailed specific countries within each continental group. For each country that Pinkerton detailed at length, he included information about four different geographical aspects of the country: historical or progressive geography, political geography, civil geography, and natural geography. <ref>O. F. G. Sitwell, "John Pinkerton: An Armchair Geographer of the Early Nineteenth Century," ''The Geographical Journal'' 138, no. 4 (1972): 474.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
''Modern Geography'' was first published in 1802 and became "instantly popular." High sales of the book led to second and third editions of the work, while abridged versions of ''Modern Geography'' went through multiple editions as well. <ref>Patrick O’Flaherty, ''Scotland’s Pariah: The Life and Work of John Pinkerton, 1758-1826'' (Buffalo, NY: Toronto University Press, 2015), under "Paris Interlude, 1802-1805."</ref> Eventually, the book was adapted and translated into French and Italian. <ref>Sarah Cooper, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22301 Pinkerton, John [pseuds. Robert Heron, H. Bennet] (1758-1826)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ) accessed March 27, 2015. </ref> Reviews were almost unanimously favorable to ''Modern Geography''. The book was hailed by different reviewers as "a standard of excellence in animated description" and "a monument undoubtedly of singular industry, of extensive knowledge, and of discriminating judgment." <ref>O’Flaherty, ''Scotland’s Pariah'', under "Paris Interlude, 1802-1805."</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
Pinkerton’s motivation for writing ''Modern Geography'' was to be profitable, as he noticed that current "geography books in use left room a new and better work." <ref>A. A. Wilcock, "'The English Strabo' the geographical publications of John Pinkerton," ''Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers'', no. 61 (1974): 36. </ref> To prove the benefits of writing a new publication on geography, Pinkerton wrote a proposal for publishers titled "Ideas on a New System of Geography." In the proposal, Pinkerton attacked the widely used geographical works of author [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Guthrie_%28historian%29 William Guthrie] for poor arrangement, factual errors, and failure to cite authorities, aiming to prove to publishers that a new work would be both necessary and profitable. Pinkerton subsequently detailed his own plans on organization and content in the proposal, and his "hasty and imperfect sketch" would later be realized in the published volumes of Modern Geography. <ref>Ibid., 38-39.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pinkerton John Pinkerton] was a Scottish author, historian, and poet who first gained prominence for compiling collections of Scottish poetry. After his first publication in 1781, Pinkerton gained notoriety as a literary imposter for inserting parts of his own work into the poems of antiquity. However, Pinkerton publicly redeemed himself through his 1786 publication ''Ancient Scotish Poems'', which contained previously unpublished Scottish poetry and included a confession of his earlier deception. Pinkerton later authored works involving geography, history, numismatics, and theater. Despite his literary successes, Pinkerton remained controversial for his unorthodox views on religion and morality. Pinkerton also received criticism for his tumultuous private life, which included a series of failed relationships and marriages. Such controversy kept Pinkerton from advancing his social standing and wealth, and he left London for Paris in 1815. Pinkerton spent the rest of his life in Paris, where illness prevented him from continuing to publish. Pinkerton passed away in 1826. <ref>Cooper, "Pinkerton, John."</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
Listed in the [[Jefferson Inventory]] of [[Wythe's Library]] as ''Pinkerton’s geography. 2.v. 8vo.'' This was one of the titles kept by [[Thomas Jefferson]]. In 1815, Jefferson sold a copy of John Pinkerton's ''Modern Geography'' to the Library of Congress. Both the [https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433 Brown Bibliography]<ref>Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433.</ref> and [http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe George Wythe's Library]<ref>''LibraryThing'', s.v. "[http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe Member: George Wythe]," accessed on November 11, 2013.</ref> on LibraryThing include the 1804 edition of Pinkerton's work based on Millicent Sowerby's entry in ''Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson''.<ref>E. Millicent Sowerby, ''Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson'', 2nd ed. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1983), 4:89-90 [no.3826].</ref> While the Jefferson volumes no longer exist to conclusively verify the edition or Wythe's prior ownership, the Wolf Law Library's [[George Wythe Collection]] includes the edition recommended by Sowerby.<br />
[[File:PinkertonModernGeography1804V1Inscription.jpg|left|thumb|200px|<center>Inscription, front free endpaper, volume one.</center>]]<br />
<br />
==Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy==<br />
Mixed, incomplete set (lacks atlas volume). Volume one bound in contemporary calf. Spine features gilt bands and red morocco, gilt-lettered label and volume number. Includes inscription, "William Taylor's Book 10th Mo 12th 1804" on front free endpaper. Volume two bound in contemporary calf with gilt-ruled spine and red morocco, gilt-lettered label. Gilt volume number. Includes signature "W. Lewis" on front pastedown and title page. Inscription on front free endpaper partially missing. Remnant is "January 26th 1826."<br />
<br />
View the record for this book in [https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/563477 William & Mary's online catalog.]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:George Wythe Collection at William & Mary's Wolf Law Library]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Ruins_of_Athens&diff=37336Ruins of Athens2015-04-02T14:44:21Z<p>Jmsatira: Summary paragraphs by John Satira</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ruins of Athens, with Remains and Other Valuable Antiquities in Greece''}}<br />
===by Julien-David Le Roy===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
{{NoBookInfoBox<br />
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|commontitle=<br />
|vol=<br />
|author=Julien-David Le Roy<br />
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|publoc=London <br />
|publisher=Robert Sayer<br />
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<br />
In 1759, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Sayer Robert Sayer] published ''Ruins of Athens'' as a translated version of ''Les ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce'' by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]. Le Roy's ''Les ruines'' was a highly controversial work on classical Greek architecture that fueled the intellectual debate among scholars of Greek and Roman art during the eighteenth-century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Despite being billed as a direct translation of ''Les ruines'', Sayer’s publication of ''Ruins of Athens'' did not include any of Le Roy’s observations on architectural theory and history, nor did Sayer include Le Roy’s narrative regarding his voyage to Greece. Instead, ''Ruins of Athens'' was largely based on George Wheeler’s late seventeenth-century voyage to Greece. <ref>Christopher Drew Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy and the Making of Architectural History'' (New York: Routledge, 2012), 6.</ref> ''Ruins of Athens'' was not faithful to Le Roy’s original architectural figures and drawings, either, as Sayer’s adaptation had "monuments crowded together in invented locations" and was viewed as "a cheap 'pirate' edition" of ''Les ruines''. <ref>Richard Stoneman, ''Land of Lost Gods: The Search for Classical Greece'', rev. ed. (1987; repr., New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2010), 323.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
While being unfaithful to Le Roy's original material, ''Ruins of Athens'' also served as one of the first works to heavily critique Le Roy’s architectural assertions in ''Les ruines''. In ''Ruins of Athens'', Sayer accused Le Roy’s architectural measurements of being incorrect, stating that "the small and great Measurements disagree" due to Le Roy’s "own Want of Attention, or inaccuracy of the Engraver." <ref>Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy'', 6.</ref> Le Roy’s work was critiqued by others as well. Three years after the publication of ''Les ruines'', James Stuart and Nicholas Revett published ''Antiquities of Athens'', a book detailing monumental remains of ancient Greek architecture. Throughout the work, Stuart’s written footnotes continually critiqued Le Roy’s ''Les ruines''. In turn, Le Roy offered "savage critiques" of ''Antiquities of Athens'', even while many others praised Stuart and Revett for their work. <ref>Jason M. Kelly, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/92790 Society of Dilettanti (''act''. 1732-2003)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 20, 2015.</ref><br /> <br />
<br /><br />
Ultimately, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became credited for developing the field of classical archeology and served as "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, ''Georgian Architecture'', rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref> However, both Le Roy’s ''Les ruines'' and Sayer’s ''Ruins of Athens'' have been hailed as "less accurate, but nevertheless important" works on classical architecture. <ref>Ibid., 79.</ref> Figures from ''Ruins of Athens'' still appear in modern works on classicism in Greek archeology. <ref>Michael Shanks, ''The Classical Archaeology of Greece: Experiences of the Discipline'' (New York: Routledge, 1996), 71.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Robert Sayer was an English print, map, and chart publisher who catered to the growing public interest in architectural and decorative works in London in the 1750s. Described as a "shrewd and cautious" publisher, Sayer found success based on his commercial skills, not creative skills. Sayer eventually expanded his publication business by reaching provincial, colonial, and foreign markets, but remained based in London. Sayer passed away in 1794. <ref>Susanna Fisher, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50893 Sayer, Roberts (1224/5-1794)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 25, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Ruins_of_Athens&diff=37270Ruins of Athens2015-04-01T12:51:44Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ruins of Athens, with Remains and Other Valuable Antiquities in Greece''}}<br />
===by David Le Roy===<br />
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|publisher=Robert Sayer<br />
|year=1759<br />
|edition=<br />
|lang=<br />
|set=<br />
|pages=<br />
|desc=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
In 1759, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Sayer Robert Sayer] published ''Ruins of Athens'' as a translated version of ''Les ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce'' by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]. Le Roy's ''Les ruines'' was a highly controversial work on classical Greek architecture that fueled the intellectual debate among scholars of Greek and Roman art during the eighteenth-century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Despite being billed as a direct translation of ''Les ruines'', Sayer’s publication of ''Ruins of Athens'' did not include any of Le Roy’s observations on architectural theory and history, nor did Sayer include Le Roy’s narrative regarding his voyage to Greece. Instead, ''Ruins of Athens'' was largely based on George Wheeler’s late seventeenth-century voyage to Greece. <ref>Christopher Drew Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy and the Making of Architectural History'' (New York: Routledge, 2012), 6.</ref> ''Ruins of Athens'' was not faithful to Le Roy’s original architectural figures and drawings, either, as Sayer’s adaptation had "monuments crowded together in invented locations" and was viewed as "a cheap 'pirate' edition" of ''Les ruines''. <ref>Richard Stoneman, ''Land of Lost Gods: The Search for Classical Greece'', rev. ed. (1987; repr., New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2010), 323.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
While being unfaithful to Le Roy's original material, ''Ruins of Athens'' also served as one of the first works to heavily critique Le Roy’s architectural assertions in ''Les ruines''. In ''Ruins of Athens'', Sayer accused Le Roy’s architectural measurements of being incorrect, stating that "the small and great Measurements disagree" due to Le Roy’s "own Want of Attention, or inaccuracy of the Engraver." <ref>Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy'', 6.</ref> Le Roy’s work was critiqued by others as well. Three years after the publication of ''Les ruines'', James Stuart and Nicholas Revett published ''Antiquities of Athens'', a book detailing monumental remains of ancient Greek architecture. Throughout the work, Stuart’s written footnotes continually critiqued Le Roy’s ''Les ruines''. In turn, Le Roy offered "savage critiques" of ''Antiquities of Athens'', even while many others praised Stuart and Revett for their work. <ref>Jason M. Kelly, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/92790 Society of Dilettanti (''act''. 1732-2003)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 20, 2015.</ref><br /> <br />
<br /><br />
Ultimately, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became credited for developing the field of classical archeology and served as "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, ''Georgian Architecture'', rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref> However, both Le Roy’s ''Les ruines'' and Sayer’s ''Ruins of Athens'' have been hailed as "less accurate, but nevertheless important" works on classical architecture. <ref>Ibid., 79.</ref> Figures from ''Ruins of Athens'' still appear in modern works on classicism in Greek archeology. <ref>Michael Shanks, ''The Classical Archaeology of Greece: Experiences of the Discipline'' (New York: Routledge, 1996), 71.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Robert Sayer was an English print, map, and chart publisher who catered to the growing public interest in architectural and decorative works in London in the 1750s. Described as a "shrewd and cautious" publisher, Sayer found success based on his commercial skills, not creative skills. Sayer eventually expanded his publication business by reaching provincial, colonial, and foreign markets, but remained based in London. Sayer passed away in 1794. <ref>Susanna Fisher, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50893 Sayer, Roberts (1224/5-1794)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 25, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Modern_Geography&diff=37064Modern Geography2015-03-27T13:34:37Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Modern Geography: A Description of the Empires, Kingdoms, States, and Colonies with the Oceans, Seas, and Isles; in All Parts of the World: Including the Most Recent Discoveries, and Political Alterations, Digested on a New Plan''}}<br />
===by John Pinkerton===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
{{BookPageInfoBox<br />
|imagename=PinkertonModernGeography1804TitlePageV1.jpg<br />
|link=https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/563477<br />
|shorttitle=Modern Geography<br />
|vol=volume one<br />
|author=John Pinkerton<br />
|publoc=Philadelphia<br />
|publisher=Published by John Conrad & Co. ... <br />
|year=1804<br />
|lang=English<br />
|set=2<br />
|desc=8vo (23 cm.)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
Listed in the [[Jefferson Inventory]] of [[Wythe's Library]] as ''Pinkerton’s geography. 2.v. 8vo.'' This was one of the titles kept by [[Thomas Jefferson]]. In 1815, Jefferson sold a copy of John Pinkerton's ''Modern Geography'' to the Library of Congress. Both the [https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433 Brown Bibliography]<ref>Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433.</ref> and [http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe George Wythe's Library]<ref>''LibraryThing'', s.v. "[http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe Member: George Wythe]," accessed on November 11, 2013.</ref> on LibraryThing include the 1804 edition of Pinkerton's work based on Millicent Sowerby's entry in ''Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson''.<ref>E. Millicent Sowerby, ''Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson'', 2nd ed. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1983), 4:89-90 [no.3826].</ref> While the Jefferson volumes no longer exist to conclusively verify the edition or Wythe's prior ownership, the Wolf Law Library's [[George Wythe Collection]] includes the edition recommended by Sowerby.<br />
[[File:PinkertonModernGeography1804V1Inscription.jpg|left|thumb|200px|<center>Inscription, front free endpaper, volume one.</center>]]<br />
<br />
==Description of the Wolf Law Library's copy==<br />
Mixed, incomplete set (lacks atlas volume). Volume one bound in contemporary calf. Spine features gilt bands and red morocco, gilt-lettered label and volume number. Includes inscription, "William Taylor's Book 10th Mo 12th 1804" on front free endpaper. Volume two bound in contemporary calf with gilt-ruled spine and red morocco, gilt-lettered label. Gilt volume number. Includes signature "W. Lewis" on front pastedown and title page. Inscription on front free endpaper partially missing. Remnant is "January 26th 1826."<br />
<br />
View the record for this book in [https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/563477 William & Mary's online catalog.]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:George Wythe Collection at William & Mary's Wolf Law Library]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Ruins_of_Athens&diff=37062Ruins of Athens2015-03-27T12:56:12Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ruins of Athens, with Remains and Other Valuable Antiquities in Greece''}}<br />
===by David Le Roy===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
{{NoBookInfoBox<br />
|shorttitle=Ruins of Athens<br />
|commontitle=<br />
|vol=<br />
|author=David Le Roy<br />
|editor=<br />
|trans=<br />
|publoc=London <br />
|publisher=Robert Sayer<br />
|year=1759<br />
|edition=<br />
|lang=<br />
|set=<br />
|pages=<br />
|desc=<br />
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<br />
In 1759, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Sayer Robert Sayer] published ''Ruins of Athens'' as a translated version of ''Les ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce'' by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]. Le Roy's ''Les ruines'' was a highly controversial work on classical Greek architecture that fueled the intellectual debate among scholars of Greek and Roman art during the eighteenth-century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Despite being billed as a direct translation of ''Les ruines'', Sayer’s publication of ''Ruins of Athens'' did not include any of Le Roy’s observations on architectural theory and history, nor did Sayer include Le Roy’s narrative regarding his voyage to Greece. Instead, ''Ruins of Athens'' was largely based on George Wheeler’s late seventeenth-century voyage to Greece. <ref>Christopher Drew Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy and the Making of Architectural History'', (New York: Routledge, 2012), 6.</ref> ''Ruins of Athens'' was not faithful to Le Roy’s original architectural figures and drawings, either, as Sayer’s adaptation had "monuments crowded together in invented locations" and was viewed as "a cheap 'pirate' edition" of ''Les ruines''. <ref>Richard Stoneman, ''Land of Lost Gods: The Search for Classical Greece'', rev. ed. (1987; repr., New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2010), 323.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
While being unfaithful to Le Roy's original material, ''Ruins of Athens'' also served as one of the first works to heavily critique Le Roy’s architectural assertions in ''Les ruines''. In ''Ruins of Athens'', Sayer accused Le Roy’s architectural measurements of being incorrect, stating that "the small and great Measurements disagree" due to Le Roy’s "own Want of Attention, or inaccuracy of the Engraver." <ref>Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy'', 6.</ref> Le Roy’s work was critiqued by others as well. Three years after the publication of ''Les ruines'', James Stuart and Nicholas Revett published ''Antiquities of Athens'', a book detailing monumental remains of ancient Greek architecture. Throughout the work, Stuart’s written footnotes continually critiqued Le Roy’s ''Les ruines''. In turn, Le Roy offered "savage critiques" of ''Antiquities of Athens'', even while many others praised Stuart and Revett for their work. <ref>Jason M. Kelly, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/92790 Society of Dilettanti (''act''. 1732-2003)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 20, 2015.</ref><br /> <br />
<br /><br />
Ultimately, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became credited for developing the field of classical archeology and served as "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, ''Georgian Architecture'', rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref> However, both Le Roy’s ''Les ruines'' and Sayer’s ''Ruins of Athens'' have been hailed as "less accurate, but nevertheless important" works on classical architecture. <ref>Ibid., 79.</ref> Figures from ''Ruins of Athens'' still appear in modern works on classicism in Greek archeology. <ref>Michael Shanks, ''The Classical Archaeology of Greece: Experiences of the Discipline'', (New York: Routledge, 1996), 71.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Robert Sayer was an English print, map, and chart publisher who catered to the growing public interest in architectural and decorative works in London in the 1750s. Described as a "shrewd and cautious" publisher, Sayer found success based on his commercial skills, not creative skills. Sayer eventually expanded his publication business by reaching provincial, colonial, and foreign markets, but remained based in London. Sayer passed away in 1794. <ref>Susanna Fisher, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50893 Sayer, Roberts (1224/5-1794)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 25, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Ruins_of_Athens&diff=37060Ruins of Athens2015-03-27T12:55:24Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ruins of Athens, with Remains and Other Valuable Antiquities in Greece''}}<br />
===by David Le Roy===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
{{NoBookInfoBox<br />
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|author=David Le Roy<br />
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|year=1759<br />
|edition=<br />
|lang=<br />
|set=<br />
|pages=<br />
|desc=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
In 1759, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Sayer Robert Sayer] published ''Ruins of Athens'' as a translated version of ''Les ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce'' by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]. Le Roy's ''Les ruines'' was a highly controversial work on classical Greek architecture that fueled the intellectual debate among scholars of Greek and Roman art during the eighteenth-century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Despite being billed as a direct translation of ''Les ruines'', Sayer’s publication of ''Ruins of Athens'' did not include any of Le Roy’s observations on architectural theory and history, nor did Sayer include Le Roy’s narrative regarding his voyage to Greece. Instead, ''Ruins of Athens'' was largely based on George Wheeler’s late seventeenth-century voyage to Greece. <ref>Christopher Drew Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy and the Making of Architectural History'', (New York: Routledge, 2012), 6.</ref> ''Ruins of Athens'' was not faithful to Le Roy’s original architectural figures and drawings, either, as Sayer’s adaptation had "monuments crowded together in invented locations" and was viewed as "a cheap 'pirate' edition" of ''Les ruines''. <ref>Richard Stoneman, ''Land of Lost Gods: The Search for Classical Greece'', rev. ed. (1987; repr., New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2010), 323.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
While being unfaithful to Le Roy's original material, ''Ruins of Athens'' also served as one of the first works to heavily critique Le Roy’s architectural assertions in ''Les ruines''. In ''Ruins of Athens'', Sayer accused Le Roy’s architectural measurements of being incorrect, stating that "the small and great Measurements disagree" due to Le Roy’s "own Want of Attention, or inaccuracy of the Engraver." <ref>Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy'', 6.</ref> Le Roy’s work was critiqued by others as well. Three years after the publication of ''Les ruines'', James Stuart and Nicholas Revett published ''Antiquities of Athens'', a book detailing monumental remains of ancient Greek architecture. Throughout the work, Stuart’s written footnotes continually critiqued Le Roy’s ''Les ruines''. In turn, Le Roy offered "savage critiques" of ''Antiquities of Athens'', even while many others praised Stuart and Revett for their work. <ref>Jason M. Kelly, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/92790 Society of Dilettanti (''act''. 1732-2003)]" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 20, 2015.</ref><br /> <br />
<br /><br />
Ultimately, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became credited for developing the field of classical archeology and served as "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, ''Georgian Architecture'', rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref> However, both Le Roy’s ''Les ruines'' and Sayer’s ''Ruins of Athens'' have been hailed as "less accurate, but nevertheless important" works on classical architecture. <ref>Ibid., 79.</ref> Figures from ''Ruins of Athens'' still appear in modern works on classicism in Greek archeology. <ref>Michael Shanks, ''The Classical Archaeology of Greece: Experiences of the Discipline'', (New York: Routledge, 1996), 71.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Robert Sayer was an English print, map, and chart publisher who catered to the growing public interest in architectural and decorative works in London in the 1750s. Described as a "shrewd and cautious" publisher, Sayer found success based on his commercial skills, not creative skills. Sayer eventually expanded his publication business by reaching provincial, colonial, and foreign markets, but remained based in London. Sayer passed away in 1794. <ref>Susanna Fisher, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50893 Sayer, Roberts (1224/5-1794)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 25, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Ruins_of_Athens&diff=37058Ruins of Athens2015-03-27T12:52:25Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ruins of Athens, with Remains and Other Valuable Antiquities in Greece''}}<br />
===by David Le Roy===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
{{NoBookInfoBox<br />
|shorttitle=Ruins of Athens<br />
|commontitle=<br />
|vol=<br />
|author=David Le Roy<br />
|editor=<br />
|trans=<br />
|publoc=London <br />
|publisher=Robert Sayer<br />
|year=1759<br />
|edition=<br />
|lang=<br />
|set=<br />
|pages=<br />
|desc=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
In 1759, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Sayer Robert Sayer] published ''Ruins of Athens'' as a translated version of ''Les ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce'' by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]. Le Roy's ''Les ruines'' was a highly controversial work on classical Greek architecture that fueled the intellectual debate among scholars of Greek and Roman art during the eighteenth-century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Despite being billed as a direct translation of ''Les ruines'', Sayer’s publication of ''Ruins of Athens'' did not include any of Le Roy’s observations on architectural theory and history, nor did Sayer include Le Roy’s narrative regarding his voyage to Greece. Instead, ''Ruins of Athens'' was largely based on George Wheeler’s late seventeenth-century voyage to Greece. <ref>Christopher Drew Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy and the Making of Architectural History'', (New York: Routledge, 2012), 6.</ref> ''Ruins of Athens'' was not faithful to Le Roy’s original architectural figures and drawings, either, as Sayer’s adaptation had "monuments crowded together in invented locations" and was viewed as "a cheap 'pirate' edition" of ''Les ruines''. <ref>Richard Stoneman, ''Land of Lost Gods: The Search for Classical Greece'', rev. ed. (1987; repr., New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2010), 323.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
While being unfaithful to Le Roy's original material, ''Ruins of Athens'' also served as one of the first works to heavily critique Le Roy’s architectural assertions in ''Les ruines''. In ''Ruins of Athens'', Sayer accused Le Roy’s architectural measurements of being incorrect, stating that "the small and great Measurements disagree" due to Le Roy’s "own Want of Attention, or inaccuracy of the Engraver." <ref>Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy'', 6.</ref> Le Roy’s work was critiqued by others as well. Three years after the publication of ''Les ruines'', James Stuart and Nicholas Revett published ''Antiquities of Athens'', a book detailing monumental remains of ancient Greek architecture. Throughout the work, Stuart’s written footnotes continually critiqued Le Roy’s ''Les ruines''. In turn, Le Roy offered "savage critiques" of ''Antiquities of Athens'', even while many others praised Stuart and Revett for their work. <ref>Jason M. Kelly, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/92790 Society of Dilettanti (''act''. 1732-2003)]" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 20, 2015.</ref><br /> <br />
<br /><br />
Ultimately, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became credited for developing the field of classical archeology and served as "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, ''Georgian Architecture'', rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref> However, both Le Roy’s ''Les ruines'' and Sayer’s ''Ruins of Athens'' have been hailed as "less accurate, but nevertheless important" works on classical architecture. <ref>Ibid., 79.</ref> Figures from ''Ruins of Athens'' still appear in modern works on classicism in Greek archeology. <ref>Michael Shanks, ''The Classical Archaeology of Greece: Experiences of the Discipline'', (New York: Routledge, 1996), 71.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Robert Sayer was an English print, map, and chart publisher who catered to the growing public interest in architectural and decorative works in London in the 1750s. Described as a "shrewd and cautious" publisher, Sayer found success based on his commercial skills, not creative skills. Sayer eventually expanded his publication business by reaching provincial, colonial, and foreign markets, but remained based in London. Sayer passed away in 1794. <ref>Susanna Fisher, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50893 Sayer, Roberts (1224/5-1794)]" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 25, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Ruins_of_Athens&diff=37044Ruins of Athens2015-03-26T14:58:49Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ruins of Athens, with Remains and Other Valuable Antiquities in Greece''}}<br />
===by David Le Roy===<br />
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In 1759, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Sayer Robert Sayer] published ''Ruins of Athens'' as a translated version of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]’s ''Les ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce''. ''Les ruines'' was a highly controversial work on classical Greek architecture that fueled the intellectual debate among scholars of Greek and Roman art during the eighteenth-century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Despite being billed as a direct translation of ''Les ruines'', Sayer’s publication of ''Ruins of Athens'' did not include any of Le Roy’s observations on architectural theory and history, nor did Sayer include Le Roy’s narrative regarding his voyage to Greece. Instead, ''Ruins of Athens'' was largely based on George Wheeler’s late seventeenth-century voyage to Greece. <ref>Christopher Drew Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy and the Making of Architectural History'', (New York: Routledge, 2012), 6.</ref> ''Ruins of Athens'' was not faithful to Le Roy’s original architectural figures and drawings, either, as Sayer’s adaptation had "monuments crowded together in invented locations" and was viewed as "a cheap 'pirate' edition" of ''Les ruines''. <ref>Richard Stoneman, ''Land of Lost Gods: The Search for Classical Greece'', rev. ed. (1987; repr., New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2010), 323.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
While being unfaithful to Le Roy's original material, ''Ruins of Athens'' also served as one of the first works to heavily critique Le Roy’s architectural assertions in ''Les ruines''. In ''Ruins of Athens'', Sayer accused Le Roy’s architectural measurements of being incorrect, stating that "the small and great Measurements disagree" due to Le Roy’s "own Want of Attention, or inaccuracy of the Engraver." <ref>Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy'', 6.</ref> Le Roy’s work was critiqued by others as well. Three years after the publication of ''Les ruines'', James Stuart and Nicholas Revett published ''Antiquities of Athens'', a book detailing monumental remains of ancient Greek architecture. Throughout the work, Stuart’s written footnotes continually critiqued Le Roy’s ''Les ruines''. In turn, Le Roy offered "savage critiques" of ''Antiquities of Athens'', even while many others praised Stuart and Revett for their work. <ref>Jason M. Kelly, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/92790 Society of Dilettanti (''act''. 1732-2003)]" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 20, 2015.</ref><br /> <br />
<br /><br />
Ultimately, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became credited for developing the field of classical archeology and served as "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, ''Georgian Architecture'', rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref> However, both Le Roy’s ''Les ruines'' and Sayer’s ''Ruins of Athens'' have been hailed as "less accurate, but nevertheless important" works on classical architecture. <ref>Ibid., 79.</ref> Figures from ''Ruins of Athens'' still appear in modern works on classicism in Greek archeology. <ref>Michael Shanks, ''The Classical Archaeology of Greece: Experiences of the Discipline'', (New York: Routledge, 1996), 71.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Robert Sayer was an English print, map, and chart publisher catered to the growing public interest in architectural and decorative works in London in the 1750s. Described as a "shrewd and cautious" publisher, Sayer found success based not on his commercial skills, not creative skills. Sayer eventually expanded his publication business by reaching provincial, colonial, and foreign markets, but remained based in London. Sayer passed away in 1794. <ref>Susanna Fisher, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50893 Sayer, Roberts (1224/5-1794)]" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 25, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Ruins_of_Athens&diff=37042Ruins of Athens2015-03-26T14:55:30Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
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===by David Le Roy===<br />
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In 1759, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Sayer Robert Sayer] published ''Ruins of Athens'' as a translated version of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]’s ''Les ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce''. ''Les ruines'' was a highly controversial work on classical Greek architecture that fueled the intellectual debate among scholars of Greek and Roman art during the eighteenth-century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Despite being billed as a direct translation of ''Les ruines'', Sayer’s publication of ''Ruins of Athens'' did not include any of Le Roy’s observations on architectural theory and history, nor did Sayer include Le Roy’s narrative regarding his voyage to Greece. Instead, ''Ruins of Athens'' was largely based on George Wheeler’s late seventeenth-century voyage to Greece. <ref>Christopher Drew Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy and the Making of Architectural History'', (New York: Routledge, 2012), 6.</ref> ''Ruins of Athens'' was not faithful to Le Roy’s original architectural figures and drawings, either, as Sayer’s adaptation had "monuments crowded together in invented locations" and was viewed as "a cheap 'pirate' edition" of ''Les ruines''. <ref>Richard Stoneman, ''Land of Lost Gods: The Search for Classical Greece'', rev. ed. (1987; repr., New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2010), 323.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
While being unfaithful to Le Roy's original material, ''Ruins of Athens'' also served as one of the first works to heavily critique Le Roy’s architectural assertions in ''Les ruines''. In ''Ruins of Athens'', Sayer accused Le Roy’s architectural measurements of being incorrect, stating that "the small and great Measurements disagree" due to Le Roy’s "own Want of Attention, or inaccuracy of the Engraver." <ref>Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy'', 6.</ref> Le Roy’s work was critiqued by others as well. Three years after the publication of ''Les ruines'', James Stuart and Nicholas Revett published ''Antiquities of Athens'', a book detailing monumental remains of ancient Greek architecture. Throughout the work, Stuart’s written footnotes continually critiqued Le Roy’s ''Les ruines''. In turn, Le Roy offered "savage critiques" of ''Antiquities of Athens'', even while many others praised Stuart and Revett for their work. <ref>Jason M. Kelly, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/92790 Society of Dilettanti (''act''. 1732-2003)]" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 20, 2015.</ref><br /> <br />
<br /><br />
Ultimately, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became credited for developing the field of classical archeology and served as "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, ''Georgian Architecture'', rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref> However, both Le Roy’s ''Les ruines'' and Sayer’s ''Ruins of Athens'' have been hailed as "less accurate, but nevertheless important" works on classical architecture. <ref>Ibid, 79.</ref> Figures from ''Ruins of Athens'' still appear in modern works on classicism in Greek archeology. <ref>Michael Shanks, ''The Classical Archaeology of Greece: Experiences of the Discipline'', (New York: Routledge, 1996), 71.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Robert Sayer was an English print, map, and chart publisher catered to the growing public interest in architectural and decorative works in London in the 1750s. Described as a "shrewd and cautious" publisher, Sayer found success based not on his commercial skills, not creative skills. Sayer eventually expanded his publication business by reaching provincial, colonial, and foreign markets, but remained based in London. Sayer passed away in 1794. <ref>Susanna Fisher, “[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50893 Sayer, Roberts (1224/5-1794)]” ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 25, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Ruins_of_Athens&diff=37038Ruins of Athens2015-03-26T14:52:32Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
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===by David Le Roy===<br />
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<br />
In 1759, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Sayer Robert Sayer] published ''Ruins of Athens'' as a translated version of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]’s ''Les ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce''. ''Les ruines'' was a highly controversial work on classical Greek architecture that fueled the intellectual debate among scholars of Greek and Roman art during the eighteenth-century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. <br /><br />
<br /><br />
Despite being billed as a direct translation of ''Les ruines'', Sayer’s publication of ''Ruins of Athens'' did not include any of Le Roy’s observations on architectural theory and history, nor did Sayer include Le Roy’s narrative regarding his voyage to Greece. Instead, Ruins of Athens was largely based on George Wheeler’s late seventeenth-century voyage to Greece. <ref>Christopher Drew Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy and the Making of Architectural History'', (New York: Routledge, 2012), 6.</ref> ''Ruins of Athens'' was not faithful to Le Roy’s original architectural figures and drawings, either, as Sayer’s adaptation had "monuments crowded together in invented locations" and was viewed as "a cheap 'pirate' edition" of ''Les ruines''. <ref>Richard Stoneman, ''Land of Lost Gods: The Search for Classical Greece'', rev. ed. (1987; repr., New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2010), 323.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Despite its flaws, ''Ruins of Athens'' still served as one of the first works to heavily critique Le Roy’s architectural assertions in ''Les ruines''. In ''Ruins of Athens'', Sayer accused Le Roy’s architectural measurements of being incorrect, stating that "the small and great Measurements disagree" due to Le Roy’s "own Want of Attention, or inaccuracy of the Engraver." <ref>Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy'', 6.</ref> Le Roy’s work was critiqued by others as well. Three years after the publication of ''Les ruines'', James Stuart and Nicholas Revett published ''Antiquities of Athens'', a book detailing monumental remains of ancient Greek architecture. Throughout the work, Stuart’s written footnotes continually critiqued Le Roy’s ''Les ruines''. In turn, Le Roy offered "savage critiques" of ''Antiquities of Athens'', even while many others praised Stuart and Revett for their work. <ref>Jason M. Kelly, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/92790 Society of Dilettanti (''act''. 1732-2003)]" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 20, 2015.</ref><br /> <br />
<br /><br />
Ultimately, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became credited for developing the field of classical archeology and served as "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, ''Georgian Architecture'', rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref> However, both Le Roy’s ''Les ruines'' and Sayer’s ''Ruins of Athens'' have been hailed as "less accurate, but nevertheless important" works on classical architecture. <ref>Ibid, 79.</ref> Figures from ''Ruins of Athens'' still appear in modern works on classicism in Greek archeology. <ref>Michael Shanks, ''The Classical Archaeology of Greece: Experiences of the Discipline'', (New York: Routledge, 1996), 71.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Robert Sayer was an English print, map, and chart publisher catered to the growing public interest in architectural and decorative works in London in the 1750s. Described as a "shrewd and cautious" publisher, Sayer found success based not on his commercial skills, not creative skills. Sayer eventually expanded his publication business by reaching provincial, colonial, and foreign markets, but remained based in London. Sayer passed away in 1794. <ref>Susanna Fisher, “[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50893 Sayer, Roberts (1224/5-1794)]” ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 25, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Ruins_of_Athens&diff=37036Ruins of Athens2015-03-26T14:50:37Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
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===by David Le Roy===<br />
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<br />
In 1759, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Sayer Robert Sayer] published ''Ruins of Athens'' as a translated version of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]’s ''Les ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce''. ''Les ruines'' was a highly controversial work on classical Greek architecture that fueled the intellectual debate among scholars of Greek and Roman art during the eighteenth-century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. <br /><br />
<br />
Despite being billed as a direct translation of ''Les ruines'', Sayer’s publication of ''Ruins of Athens'' did not include any of Le Roy’s observations on architectural theory and history, nor did Sayer include Le Roy’s narrative regarding his voyage to Greece. Instead, Ruins of Athens was largely based on George Wheeler’s late seventeenth-century voyage to Greece. <ref>Christopher Drew Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy and the Making of Architectural History'', (New York: Routledge, 2012), 6.</ref> ''Ruins of Athens'' was not faithful to Le Roy’s original architectural figures and drawings, either, as Sayer’s adaptation had "monuments crowded together in invented locations" and was viewed as "a cheap 'pirate' edition" of ''Les ruines''. <ref>Richard Stoneman, ''Land of Lost Gods: The Search for Classical Greece'', rev. ed. (1987; repr., New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2010), 323.</ref><br /><br />
<br />
Despite its flaws, ''Ruins of Athens'' still served as one of the first works to heavily critique Le Roy’s architectural assertions in ''Les ruines''. In ''Ruins of Athens'', Sayer accused Le Roy’s architectural measurements of being incorrect, stating that "the small and great Measurements disagree" due to Le Roy’s "own Want of Attention, or inaccuracy of the Engraver." <ref>Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy'', 6.</ref> Le Roy’s work was critiqued by others as well. Three years after the publication of ''Les ruines'', James Stuart and Nicholas Revett published ''Antiquities of Athens'', a book detailing monumental remains of ancient Greek architecture. Throughout the work, Stuart’s written footnotes continually critiqued Le Roy’s ''Les ruines''. In turn, Le Roy offered "savage critiques" of ''Antiquities of Athens'', even while many others praised Stuart and Revett for their work. <ref>Jason M. Kelly, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/92790 Society of Dilettanti (''act''. 1732-2003)]" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 20, 2015.</ref><br /> <br />
<br />
Ultimately, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became credited for developing the field of classical archeology and served as "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, ''Georgian Architecture'', rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref> However, both Le Roy’s ''Les ruines'' and Sayer’s ''Ruins of Athens'' have been hailed as "less accurate, but nevertheless important" works on classical architecture. <ref>Ibid, 79.</ref> Figures from ''Ruins of Athens'' still appear in modern works on classicism in Greek archeology. <ref>Michael Shanks, ''The Classical Archaeology of Greece: Experiences of the Discipline'', (New York: Routledge, 1996), 71.</ref><br /><br />
<br />
Robert Sayer was an English print, map, and chart publisher catered to the growing public interest in architectural and decorative works in London in the 1750s. Described as a "shrewd and cautious" publisher, Sayer found success based not on his commercial skills, not creative skills. Sayer eventually expanded his publication business by reaching provincial, colonial, and foreign markets, but remained based in London. Sayer passed away in 1794. <ref>Susanna Fisher, “[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50893 Sayer, Roberts (1224/5-1794)]” ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 25, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Ruins_of_Athens&diff=37034Ruins of Athens2015-03-26T14:45:37Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ruins of Athens, with Remains and Other Valuable Antiquities in Greece''}}<br />
===by David Le Roy===<br />
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<br />
In 1759, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Sayer Robert Sayer] published ''Ruins of Athens'' as a translated version of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien-David_Le_Roy Julien-David Le Roy]’s ''Les ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce''. ''Les ruines'' was a highly controversial work on classical Greek architecture that fueled the intellectual debate among scholars of Greek and Roman art during the eighteenth-century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Revival_architecture Greek Revival]. However, Sayer’s publication of ''Ruins of Athens'' did not include any of Le Roy’s observations on architectural theory and history, nor did Sayer include Le Roy’s narrative regarding his voyage to Greece. Instead, Ruins of Athens was largely based on George Wheeler’s late seventeenth-century voyage to Greece. <ref>Christopher Drew Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy and the Making of Architectural History'', (New York: Routledge, 2012), 6.</ref> ''Ruins of Athens'' was not faithful to Le Roy’s original architectural figures and drawings, either, as Sayer’s adaptation had "monuments crowded together in invented locations" and was viewed as "a cheap 'pirate' edition" of ''Les ruines''. <ref>Richard Stoneman, ''Land of Lost Gods: The Search for Classical Greece'', rev. ed. (1987; repr., New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2010), 323.</ref><br /><br />
<br />
Despite its flaws, ''Ruins of Athens'' still served as one of the first works to heavily critique Le Roy’s architectural assertions in ''Les ruines''. In ''Ruins of Athens'', Sayer accused Le Roy’s architectural measurements of being incorrect, stating that "the small and great Measurements disagree" due to Le Roy’s "own Want of Attention, or inaccuracy of the Engraver." <ref>Armstrong, ''Julien-David Leroy'', 6.</ref> Le Roy’s work was critiqued by others as well. Three years after the publication of ''Les ruines'', James Stuart and Nicholas Revett published ''Antiquities of Athens'', a book detailing monumental remains of ancient Greek architecture. Throughout the work, Stuart’s written footnotes continually critiqued Le Roy’s ''Les ruines''. In turn, Le Roy offered "savage critiques" of ''Antiquities of Athens'', even while many others praised Stuart and Revett for their work. <ref>Jason M. Kelly, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/92790 Society of Dilettanti (''act''. 1732-2003)]" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 20, 2015.</ref><br /> <br />
<br />
Ultimately, Stuart and Revett’s ''Antiquities of Athens'' became credited for developing the field of classical archeology and served as "the principal source-book for the Greek Revival." <ref>James Curl, ''Georgian Architecture'', rev. ed. (1993; repr., Singapore: CS Graphics Pte., 2002), 78.</ref> However, both Le Roy’s ''Les ruines'' and Sayer’s ''Ruins of Athens'' have been hailed as "less accurate, but nevertheless important" works on classical architecture. <ref>Ibid, 79.</ref> Figures from ''Ruins of Athens'' still appear in modern works on classicism in Greek archeology. <ref>Michael Shanks, ''The Classical Archaeology of Greece: Experiences of the Discipline'', (New York: Routledge, 1996), 71.</ref><br /><br />
<br />
Robert Sayer was an English print, map, and chart publisher catered to the growing public interest in architectural and decorative works in London in the 1750s. Described as a "shrewd and cautious" publisher, Sayer found success based not on his commercial skills, not creative skills. Sayer eventually expanded his publication business by reaching provincial, colonial, and foreign markets, but remained based in London. Sayer passed away in 1794. <ref>Susanna Fisher, “[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50893 Sayer, Roberts (1224/5-1794)]” ‘’Oxford Dictionary of National Biography’’ (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 25, 2015.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
[[Category:Geography and Travel]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Treatise_of_Laws&diff=36954Treatise of Laws2015-03-25T13:34:03Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''A Treatise of Laws or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law''}}<br />
===by Giles Jacob===<br />
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|publisher=Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward<br />
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|desc=8vo<br />
}}<br />
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giles_Jacob Giles Jacob] (1686-1744) was a British legal writer and literary critic. A prominent compiler of law in the early eighteenth century, Jacob published several influential texts on local courts and officers; conveyances; and constitutional, military, commercial and criminal law; and political and poetical work.<ref>Julia Rudolph, “That ‘Blunderbuss’ of Law: Giles Jacob, Abridgment, and Print Culture,” ''Studies in Eighteenth Century Culture'' 37 (2008): 197-215. [http://muse.jhu.edu/login?auth=0&type=summary&url=/journals/studies_in_eighteenth_century_culture/v037/37.rudolph.pdf Abstract] accessed October 10, 2013, on Project Muse.</ref> Jacob was heavily influenced by philosophers [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Locke John Locke] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes Thomas Hobbes], both of whom believed that "a general agreement on the definition of words was necessary" to eliminate confusion about the meaning of law and the legal rights of people.<ref>''Law Dictionary Collection'', s.v. "[http://tarlton.law.utexas.edu/exhibits/dictionaries/common_law/jacob.html Giles Jacob: 1686-1744]," The University of Texas School of Law, accessed October 10, 2013.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob did not intend ''A Treatise of Laws: or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law'' to be an all encompassing tome of legal doctrine, but rather a condensed and abridged treatise accessible to individuals not intimately familiar with law. "By [a]briding and [m]ethodizing, the Study of Law may be brought into a much narrower compass than is commonly suppos'd."<ref>Giles Jacob, ''[https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/Record/3039424 A Treatise of Laws: Or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law]'' (London: Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward, 1721), x.</ref> The book is broken into three sections based on the main topics of discussion. These are the Common Law, Civil Law, and Canon Law. Each section begins with explanation on the general type of law (common, civil or canon) and then proceeds, in alphabetical order, to cover all of the individual legal issues. Each issue describes the doctrine of the particular law and in some cases describes the reasoning behind those doctrines. <ref>Ibid.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob dedicated this treatise to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pratt_(judge) Honourable Sir John Pratt], a prominent legal and judicial figure whose career included membership in the House of Commons as well as receiving a Knighthood.<ref>Stuart Handley, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22701 Pratt, Sir John (1657–1725)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed January 19, 2013.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
A precursor to Jacob's better known works, including [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/New_Law-Dictionary A New Law-Dictionary], ''A Treatise of Laws'' was still thought of as an important treatise that could be found in the collections of prominent legal practitioners and scholars such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Purton_Cooper Charles Purton Cooper].<ref>Charles Purton Cooper, ''[http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.35112105138319;view=1up;seq=1 Bibliotheca Cooperiana: Catalogue of a Further Portion of the Library of Charles Purton Cooper]'' (London: J. Davy and Sons, 1856).</ref> Jacob's work continues to have relevance and has been cited in recent legal scholarly books.<ref>Philip Hamburger, ''Law and Judicial Duty'' (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008), 116.</ref><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
Listed in the [[Jefferson Inventory]] of [[Wythe's Library]] as ''Jacob’s introdn to the Common, civil & canon laws. 8vo.'' and given by [[Thomas Jefferson]] to [[Dabney Carr]]. Both [http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe George Wythe's Library]<ref>''LibraryThing'', s. v. "[http://www.librarything.com/profile/GeorgeWythe Member: George Wythe]," accessed on April 21, 2013.</ref> on LibraryThing and the [https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433 Brown Bibliography]<ref> Bennie Brown, "The Library of George Wythe of Williamsburg and Richmond," (unpublished manuscript, May, 2012, rev. May, 2014) Microsoft Word file. Earlier edition available at: https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/13433</ref> list ''A Treatise of Laws or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law'' published in London in 1721.<br />
<br />
As yet, the Wolf Law Library has been unable to procure a copy of Jacob's ''A Treatise of Laws''.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [https://books.google.com/books?id=los2AQAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover Google Books] <br />
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[[Category:English Law]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Clerks_Guide&diff=36716Clerks Guide2015-03-19T15:00:28Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
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<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Clerks Guide''}}<br />
<big>''The Clerks Guide: Leading into Three Parts''</big><br />
===by Sir Thomas Manley===<br />
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|commontitle=<br />
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|author=Sir Thomas Manley<br />
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|publoc=London<br />
|publisher= Printed by John Streater, Henry Twyford, and E. Flesher, assigns of Richard Atkins and Edward Atkins, Esquires<br />
|year=1672<br />
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Thomas Manley (c. 1628-1676), an English legal and political writer, was admitted to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Temple Middle Temple] on February 6, 1655, and called to the bar on January 24, 1673. Son of Thomas Manley, a clerk of the kitchen in Charles I’s household, Manley may have been baptized at St. Margaret’s in Westminster on November 8, 1627. As early as 1650, Manley likely had already published juvenilia. He married his wife, Anne, without his father’s permission and was therefore left only a small sum. After his admittance to the Middle Temple, Manley was appointed library in May 1655, but by June 1658, Manley had been padlocked out of the library and dismissed of his position. Because he did not have to perform the usual formalities and ceremonies when called to the bar, Manley has been erroneously misrepresented to have been appointed to the King ’s Counsel.).<ref>C.E.A Cheesman, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/17941 Manley, Thomas (c.1628-1676)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed March 17, 2015.</ref> He entered the scrivener’s service in 1658, which led to the publication of some of his works.<ref>Frank T. Melton, "[http://www.jstor.org/stable/3742955 Absentee Land Management in Seventeenth-Century England]," ''Agricultural History'' 52, no. 1 (Jan. 1978): 149, accessed March 17, 2015.</ref><br />
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Published in 1663, Manley’s first legal publication was The Sollicitor, a handbook based on his work as a scrivener.<ref>Cheesman, "Manley, Thomas (c.1628-1676)"; Melton, "Absentee Land Management in Seventeenth Century England," 149.</ref> Manley also released volumes 12 and 13 for an abridgement of Coke’s reports, as well as a supplement to Edward Trotman’s earlier abridged volumes.<ref>Cheesman, "Manley, Thomas (c.1628-1676)."</ref> Manley updated John Cowell’s The Interpreter of Words and Terms, originally published 1607, keeping with Cowell’s original purpose of favoring the importance of knowledge of the civil law. <ref>Cheesman, "Manley, Thomas (c.1628-1676)"; Gary L. McDowell, "[http://www.jstor.org/stable/3113848 The Politics of Meaning: Law Dictionaries and the Liberal Tradition of Interpretation]," ''The American Journal of Legal History'' 44, no. 3 (Jul. 2000): 265, accessed March 17, 2015.</ref> In 1676, Manley published an appendix to Thomas Wentworth’s Office and Duty of Executors. Manley also authored numerous political books, including works which illustrated his isolationist economic views.<ref>Cheesman, "Manley, Thomas (c.1628-1676)."</ref><br />
<br />
The Clerk’s Guide, published in 1672, is a book of forms that Manley annotated.<ref>Ibid.</ref> In his preface to the work, Manley wrote about the surplus of writings on clerkships which led “the clerk in a maze, [rather] than to lead his client in a safe and well-beaten path.” <ref>Thomas Manley, ''The Clerks Guide'' (London, 1672).</ref>This work, Manley emphasized, was not just repeating what had already been produced, but was instead getting rid of what was useless, polishing what was unnecessary, and adding what was profitable in the profession.<ref>Ibid.</ref> This work has four parts, each addressing areas necessary for clerks. Part 1 addresses indentures, leases, and the like, while part 2 addresses letters of attorney, warrants of attorney, mortgages, licenses, and etcetera. Part 3 regards bills, answers, replications, and rejoynders in chancery, with a fourth part added by Manley to address fines, recoveries, statutes, recognisances, and judgments.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
==External Links==<br />
See bookplate in [https://books.google.com/books?id=xKI7nQEACAAJ&dq=thomas+manley+The+Clerk%27s+Guide:+Leading+into+Three+Parts+Streater,1672 Google Books]<br />
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<br />
[[Category:Civil Procedure]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Hamilton_%26_Co._v._Urquhart&diff=36714Hamilton & Co. v. Urquhart2015-03-19T14:34:27Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
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<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Hamilton & Co. v. Urquhart''}}<br />
[[File:WytheHamiltonVUrquhart1852.jpg|link=Media:WytheDecisions1852HamiltonVUrquhart.pdf|thumb|right|300px|First page of the opinion [[Media:WytheDecisions1852HamiltonVUrquhart.pdf|''Hamilton & Co v. Urquhart'']], in [https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/2099031 ''Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery, with Remarks upon Decrees by the Court of Appeals, Reversing Some of Those Decisions''], by George Wythe. 2nd ed. (Richmond: J. W. Randolph, 1852).]][[Media:WytheDecisions1852HamiltonVUrquhart.pdf|''Hamilton & Co. v. Urquhart'']], Wythe 295 (1794),<ref>George Wythe, ''[[Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery|Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery with Remarks upon Decrees by the Court of Appeals, Reversing Some of Those Decisions]],'' 2nd ed., ed. B.B. Minor (Richmond: J.W. Randolph, 1852), 295.</ref> was a brief decision discussing whether a bond was exempt from depreciation under Virginia law.<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
==Background==<br />
Responding to the rapidly-plunging value of paper money printed there, the Virginia Assembly passed a law in 1781<ref>An Act Directing the Mode of Adjusting and Settling the Payment of Certain Debts and Contracts, and for Other Purposes, Nov. 1781, in [http://vagenweb.org/hening/vol10.htm 10 ''The Statutes at Large; Being a Collection of All the Laws of Virginia''] (William Waller Hening ed., Richmond 1822), 471-74.</ref> that reduced the value of all debts incurred after 1777 and payable in paper money; the debt was devalued according to a table based on the date the debt was incurred. <br />
<br />
Wythe does not say who the lender or borrower was in this case, but it seems a fair inference that plaintiff Archibald Hamilton & Co. was the lender; and that defendant William Urquhart (executor of Nathaniel Flemyng's estate) represented the borrower. Flemyng borrowed money from Hamilton over several years before 1777, then Flemyng signed a bond in 1777 promising to repay Hamilton. Hamilton filed a bill with the Chancery Court asking it to make Urquhart pay it the full, not devalued, value of the debt.<br />
==The Court's Decision==<br />
The Chancery Court granted Hamilton's request. Wythe noted that the Virginia law allowed courts to hand down a judgment it deemed "just and equitable" if the court determined that applying the devaluation table to the debt would be unjust.<ref>Ibid., 473.</ref> Wythe determined that the value of paper money during the time Flemyng incurred the debt was not less than its present-day value, so the devaluation table did not apply. <br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Cases]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Hamilton_%26_Co._v._Urquhart&diff=36712Hamilton & Co. v. Urquhart2015-03-19T14:30:51Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Hamilton & Co. v. Urquhart''}}<br />
[[File:WytheHamiltonVUrquhart1852.jpg|link=Media:WytheDecisions1852HamiltonVUrquhart.pdf|thumb|right|300px|First page of the opinion [[Media:WytheDecisions1852HamiltonVUrquhart.pdf|''Hamilton & Co v. Urquhart'']], in [https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/2099031 ''Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery, with Remarks upon Decrees by the Court of Appeals, Reversing Some of Those Decisions''], by George Wythe. 2nd ed. (Richmond: J. W. Randolph, 1852).]][[Media:WytheDecisions1852HamiltonVUrquhart.pdf|''Hamilton & Co. v. Urquhart'']], Wythe 295 (1794),<ref>George Wythe, ''[[Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery|Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery with Remarks upon Decrees by the Court of Appeals, Reversing Some of Those Decisions]],'' 2nd ed., ed. B.B. Minor (Richmond: J.W. Randolph, 1852), 295.</ref> was a brief decision discussing whether a bond was exempt from depreciation under Virginia law.<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
==Background==<br />
Responding to the rapidly-plunging value of paper money printed there, the Virginia Assembly passed a law in 1781<ref>An Act Directing the Mode of Adjusting and Settling the Payment of Certain Debts and Contracts, and for Other Purposes, Nov. 1781, in [http://vagenweb.org/hening/vol10.htm 10 The Statutes at Large; Being a Collection of All the Laws of Virginia] (William Waller Hening ed., Richmond 1822), 471-74.</ref> that reduced the value of all debts incurred after 1777 and payable in paper money; the debt was devalued according to a table based on the date the debt was incurred. <br />
<br />
Wythe does not say who the lender or borrower was in this case, but it seems a fair inference that plaintiff Archibald Hamilton & Co. was the lender; and that defendant William Urquhart (executor of Nathaniel Flemyng's estate) represented the borrower. Flemyng borrowed money from Hamilton over several years before 1777, then Flemyng signed a bond in 1777 promising to repay Hamilton. Hamilton filed a bill with the Chancery Court asking it to make Urquhart pay it the full, not devalued, value of the debt.<br />
==The Court's Decision==<br />
The Chancery Court granted Hamilton's request. Wythe noted that the Virginia law allowed courts to hand down a judgment it deemed "just and equitable" if the court determined that applying the devaluation table to the debt would be unjust.<ref>Ibid., 473.</ref> Wythe determined that the value of paper money during the time Flemyng incurred the debt was not less than its present-day value, so the devaluation table did not apply. <br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Cases]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Treatise_of_Laws&diff=35120Treatise of Laws2015-03-05T16:03:31Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
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<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Treatise of Laws''}}<br />
<big>''A Treatise of Laws or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law.''</big><br />
===by Giles Jacob===<br />
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|publisher=Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward<br />
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<br />
Giles Jacob did not intend ''A Treatise of Laws: or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law'' to be an all encompassing tome of legal doctrine, but rather a condensed and abridged treatise accessible to individuals not intimately familiar with law. "By [a]briding and [m]ethodizing, the Study of Law may be brought into a much narrower compass than is commonly suppos'd."<ref>Giles Jacob, ''[https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/Record/3039424 A Treatise of Laws: Or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law]'' (London: Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward, 1721), x.</ref> The book is broken into three sections based on the main topics of discussion. These are the Common Law, Civil Law, and Canon Law. Each section begins with explanation on the general type of law (common, civil or canon) and then proceeds, in alphabetical order, to cover all of the individual legal issues. Each issue describes the doctrine of the particular law and in some cases describes the reasoning behind those doctrines. <ref>Ibid.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob dedicated this treatise to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pratt_(judge) Honourable Sir John Pratt], a prominent legal and judicial figure whose career included membership in the House of Commons as well as receiving a Knighthood.<ref>Stuart Handley, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22701 Pratt, Sir John (1657–1725)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed January 19, 2013.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
A precursor to Jacob's better known works, including [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/New_Law-Dictionary A New Law-Dictionary], ''A Treatise of Laws'' was still thought of as an important treatise that could be found in the collections of prominent legal practitioners and scholars such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Purton_Cooper Charles Purton Cooper].<ref>Charles Purton Cooper, ''[http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.35112105138319;view=1up;seq=1 Bibliotheca Cooperiana: Catalogue of a Further Portion of the Library of Charles Purton Cooper]'' (London: J. Davy and Sons, 1856).</ref> Jacob's work continue to have relevance and has been cited in recent legal scholarly books.<ref>Philip Hamburger, ''Law and Judicial Duty'' (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008), 116.<br />
</ref><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [https://books.google.com/books?id=los2AQAAMAAJ&dq=A+Treatise+of+Laws+or,+A+General+Introduction+to+the+Common,+Civil,+and+Canon+Law Google Books] <br />
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[[Category:English Law]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Goodall_v._Bullock&diff=35118Goodall v. Bullock2015-03-05T15:56:22Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
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<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Goodall v. Bullock''}}<br />
[[File:WytheGoodallVBullock1852.jpg|link=Media:WytheDecisions1852GoodallVBullock.pdf|thumb|right|300px|First page of the opinion [[Media:WytheDecisions1852GoodallVBullock.pdf|''Goodall v. Bullock'']], in [https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/2099031 ''Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery, with Remarks upon Decrees by the Court of Appeals, Reversing Some of Those Decisions''], by George Wythe. 2nd ed. (Richmond: J. W. Randolph, 1852).]]<br />
[[Media:WytheDecisions1852GoodallVBullock.pdf|''Goodall v. Bullock'']], Wythe 328 (1798),<ref>George Wythe, ''[[Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery|Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery with Remarks upon Decrees by the Court of Appeals, Reversing Some of Those Decisions]]'', 2nd ed., ed. B.B. Minor (Richmond: J.W. Randolph, 1852), 328.</ref> discussed whether a sheriff could be fined because his deputy did not finish executing a writ, even the person who filed the writ is the person who asked the deputy not to finish executing it. The opinion is notable for Wythe's discussion of the principles underlying a court of equity's powers in which Wythe refers to several classical Greek and Roman sources and stories.<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
==Background==<br />
Parke Goodall was Sheriff of Hanover County, and John Clough was one of his deputies.<br />
<br />
John Bullock sued his father, who went by the same name, and won a judgment for about £497. Bullock the younger delivered a writ of ''fieri facias''<ref>A writ of ''fieri facias'' orders the sheriff to get goods from a person to satisfy a judgment against that person.</ref> to Clough in May 1792 to be executed against Bullock the elder's property. Clough seized Bullock the elder's entire estate under the writ and sold it to Bullock the younger in June 1792 for about £206.<br />
<br />
Clough never returned the writ to court with notations on what actions he had taken using the writ's power - a process called ''returning the execution''. Returning the execution could have led to further court proceedings against Bullock the elder. The reason for this was disputed. Clough said that in 1795 Bullock the younger asked him to delay returning the execution until the court costs were settled. To support Clough's claim, a third-party witness, William L. Thompson, said that they heard Bullock the younger say he wished Clough would not return the execution until the Bullocks settled with each other. Bullock the younger answered that he never asked Clough to delay returning the execution, but rather repeatedly asked Clough to return the execution after he had seized Bullock the elder's property.<br />
<br />
Bullock the younger sued Goodall and Clough in Hanover County Court for failure to return the execution of a writ, and on May 7, 1795, the court fined Goodall about £264 to be paid to Bullock the younger, under the authority of a 1791 Virginia statute. <br />
<br />
Clough successfully returned the execution in June 1795. Goodall successfully sued Clough to reimburse Goodall for the fine Goodall owed Bullock the younger. Goodall and Clough filed a bill with the High Court of Chancery asking it to permanently enjoin the Hanover County Court's judgment in favor of Bullock the younger, and Goodall agreed to wait to collect on his judgment against Clough until the proceedings in the Chancery Court concluded. <br />
<br />
Bullock the younger argued that because the 1791 statute gave the county court discretion in the amount of the fine to award, the Chancery Court would be improperly usurping the court of law's appellate jurisdiction by issuing an injunction. Therefore, Bullock the younger said, the Chancery Court should dismiss Goodall and Clough's case. <br />
==The Court's Decision==<br />
The High Court of Chancery issued permanent injunctions against Bullock the younger from collecting his judgment against Goodall, and against Goodall from collecting against Clough. The Court said that it was possible for both Thompson's and Bullock the younger's statements to be true. Bullock could have initially asked Clough to return the execution, but then changed his mind three years later when Thompson's testimony took place. <br />
<br />
The Chancery Court shot down Bullock the younger's argument that it was usurping legal courts' appellate authority. Chapter 9 of the 1787 Virginia statutes prohibited the Chancery Court from refusing to hear a case due to lack of jurisdiction, or to delay or refuse justice. The Chancery Court noted that when Clough returned the execution in June 1795, he placed all the parties in their proper state, which means there would have been no basis for fining Clough. Since the return happened after the county court issued its judgment, though, there was no way for the county court to alter its opinion to put the parties in their proper state. The Chancery Court concluded that this situation was therefore a fine case for equitable relief.<br />
<br />
The Court also noted that, as Bullock the younger admitted, Bullock the elder had no more property to seize to satisfy the rest of the award. Returning the execution and proceeding further in court would likely lead to prison for Bullock the elder, which Bullock the younger said he did not want. Because Bullock the younger had nothing to gain by Clough returning the execution, Bullock the younger could not have been injured by Clough's actions. <br />
<br />
The Chancery Court said that fining Goodall would lead to the perverse result of Bullock the younger being in a better position by Clough not returning the execution than by Clough returning it. Moreover, because Thompson's indicated that Bullock the younger told Clough there was no hurry in returning the execution, then sued Clough for not promptly returning it, the Chancery Court found that Bullock the younger was "guilty of a foul fraud. . .venial in the eyes of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Coke Edward Coke]". <br />
<br />
The Chancery Court also said that the county court seemed to be unaware of Bullock the younger's fraud. Even so, the Chancery Court noted that the county court did not make much use of its statutory discretion and hit Goodall with almost the maximum possible fine. The Chancery Court goes into the etymological origins of the word "discretion" to emphasize that even if the county court felt a fine proper, it should have adjusted the fine to fit the harm.<br />
<br />
The Court proceeds to review the principles underlying the court of equity's powers to justify its action in this case, even when involving a penalty authorized by statute. The Court calls on humanity's instinct for sympathy and cites the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Rule Golden Rule] along with a quote from the play [[Publii Terentii Afri Comoediae Sex|Heauton Timorumenos]]: ''"Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto."'' ("I am a human being, I consider nothing that is human alien to me.")<ref>Terence, ''Heauton Timorumenos'' 1.1.25.</ref><br />
<br />
The Court's opinion by Wythe proceeds with several hypotheticals involving [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnaeus_Julius_Agricola Agricola] selling corn to Mercator to show how one person could technically breach a contract and be subject to a severe penalty, even though that breach might have put the other party in a better position than if the contract had been fulfilled.<ref>These hypotheticals include an interesting footnote (presumably from Wythe) that indicates that the phrase "a penny saved is a penny earned" goes back quite earlier than [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin Poor Richard]; it is a translation of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero Cicero's] phrase ''magnum vectigal fit parsimonia'' from his Sixth Paradox.</ref> In such situations, courts of law would traditionally require Agricola to pay Mercator to pay the full penalty for breaching the contract -- even if the breach put Mercator in a better position -- because that was what the law dictated. The Court uses a quote from [[Titi Livii Historiarum Quod Extat|Livy's Histories]] to describe the traditional law: ''leges rem surdam, inexorabilem esse. . .nihil laxamenti nec veniae habere'' ("the law was a deaf inexorable being. . .admitted of no relaxation or indulgence.")<ref>Livy, ''Titi Livii Historiarum Quod Extat'', (Amstelodami: Apud D. Elzevirium, 1678), lib. II, cap. 3. Wythe seems to be guilty of cherry-picking a quote here. He omitted the middle of Levi's phrase, which reads in full, "leges rem surdam, inexorabilem esse, salubriorem melioremque inopi quam potenti; nihil laxamenti nec veniae habere, si modum excesseris" ("the law was a deaf inexorable being, better and more beneficial for the disadvantaged than the powerful, admitted of no relaxation or indulgence.") Livy seemed to view the law's intrangience as a benefit, offering greater equality for the lower classes, while Wythe altered Livy's sentence to show this inexorability as a flaw.</ref> Wythe views the court of equity as an embodiment of justice such as Pallas Athena in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orestes#Aeschylus Aeschylus's rendering of the tale of Orestes], conjuring a just and fair verdict when the letter of the law might dictate otherwise. This, the Chancery Court says, is why a court of equity such as it has the power to dissolve the injunction Bullock won, whether the injunction was given by the power of a statute or of common law. <br />
<br />
==Works Cited or Referenced by Wythe==<br />
===Cicero's ''Stoic Paradoxes''===<br />
Quotation in Wythe's opinion:<br />
<blockquote><br />
<tt><span style="color: #006600;">Ciceros ''magnum vectigal fit parsimonia''...is translated, by english lexicographers, ‘a penny saved is a penny got.’</span></tt> Translation: ''Frugality makes great revenue.''<ref>Wythe, ''Decisions'', 335.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br />
===Livy's ''History of Rome''===<br />
Quotation in Wythe's opinion:<br />
<blockquote><br />
<tt><span style="color: #006600;">''[L]eges rem surdam, inexorabilem esse, - nihil laxamenti nec veniae habere.''</span></tt> Translation: ''[L]aws are deaf things, inexorable – they do not consider relaxing or pardon.'' Wythe uses this to illustrate how the law has viewed the stringency of contracts.<ref>Ibid.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br />
===Terence's ''The Self-Tormentor''===<br />
Quotation in Wythe's opinion:<br />
<blockquote><br />
<tt><span style="color: #006600;">''[H]omo sum: humani nihil a me alienum puto.''</span></tt> Translation: ''I am a human being: I consider nothing that is human alien to me.''<ref>Ibid., 334.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br />
===Aeschylus's ''The Eumenides''===<br />
Quotation in Wythe's opinion:<br />
<blockquote><br />
<tt><span style="color: #006600;">[T]he design of the law compelling payment of penalties for non-performance of contracts was that the delinquent parties should make ''αντιδοσισ (antidosis)'', and thereby do justice.</span></tt> Translation: ''an exchange.''<ref>Ibid., 336.</ref></blockquote><br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Cases]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Goodall_v._Bullock&diff=35112Goodall v. Bullock2015-03-05T15:45:35Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Goodall v. Bullock''}}<br />
[[File:WytheGoodallVBullock1852.jpg|link=Media:WytheDecisions1852GoodallVBullock.pdf|thumb|right|300px|First page of the opinion [[Media:WytheDecisions1852GoodallVBullock.pdf|''Goodall v. Bullock'']], in [https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/2099031 ''Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery, with Remarks upon Decrees by the Court of Appeals, Reversing Some of Those Decisions''], by George Wythe. 2nd ed. (Richmond: J. W. Randolph, 1852).]]<br />
[[Media:WytheDecisions1852GoodallVBullock.pdf|''Goodall v. Bullock'']], Wythe 328 (1798),<ref>George Wythe, ''[[Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery|Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery with Remarks upon Decrees by the Court of Appeals, Reversing Some of Those Decisions]]'', ed. B.B. Minor (Richmond: J.W. Randolph, 1852), 328.</ref> discussed whether a sheriff could be fined because his deputy did not finish executing a writ, even the person who filed the writ is the person who asked the deputy not to finish executing it. The opinion is notable for Wythe's discussion of the principles underlying a court of equity's powers in which Wythe refers to several classical Greek and Roman sources and stories.<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
==Background==<br />
Parke Goodall was Sheriff of Hanover County, and John Clough was one of his deputies.<br />
<br />
John Bullock sued his father, who went by the same name, and won a judgment for about £497. Bullock the younger delivered a writ of ''fieri facias''<ref>A writ of ''fieri facias'' orders the sheriff to get goods from a person to satisfy a judgment against that person.</ref> to Clough in May 1792 to be executed against Bullock the elder's property. Clough seized Bullock the elder's entire estate under the writ and sold it to Bullock the younger in June 1792 for about £206.<br />
<br />
Clough never returned the writ to court with notations on what actions he had taken using the writ's power - a process called ''returning the execution''. Returning the execution could have led to further court proceedings against Bullock the elder. The reason for this was disputed. Clough said that in 1795 Bullock the younger asked him to delay returning the execution until the court costs were settled. To support Clough's claim, a third-party witness, William L. Thompson, said that they heard Bullock the younger say he wished Clough would not return the execution until the Bullocks settled with each other. Bullock the younger answered that he never asked Clough to delay returning the execution, but rather repeatedly asked Clough to return the execution after he had seized Bullock the elder's property.<br />
<br />
Bullock the younger sued Goodall and Clough in Hanover County Court for failure to return the execution of a writ, and on May 7, 1795, the court fined Goodall about £264 to be paid to Bullock the younger, under the authority of a 1791 Virginia statute. <br />
<br />
Clough successfully returned the execution in June 1795. Goodall successfully sued Clough to reimburse Goodall for the fine Goodall owed Bullock the younger. Goodall and Clough filed a bill with the High Court of Chancery asking it to permanently enjoin the Hanover County Court's judgment in favor of Bullock the younger, and Goodall agreed to wait to collect on his judgment against Clough until the proceedings in the Chancery Court concluded. <br />
<br />
Bullock the younger argued that because the 1791 statute gave the county court discretion in the amount of the fine to award, the Chancery Court would be improperly usurping the court of law's appellate jurisdiction by issuing an injunction. Therefore, Bullock the younger said, the Chancery Court should dismiss Goodall and Clough's case. <br />
==The Court's Decision==<br />
The High Court of Chancery issued permanent injunctions against Bullock the younger from collecting his judgment against Goodall, and against Goodall from collecting against Clough. The Court said that it was possible for both Thompson's and Bullock the younger's statements to be true. Bullock could have initially asked Clough to return the execution, but then changed his mind three years later when Thompson's testimony took place. <br />
<br />
The Chancery Court shot down Bullock the younger's argument that it was usurping legal courts' appellate authority. Chapter 9 of the 1787 Virginia statutes prohibited the Chancery Court from refusing to hear a case due to lack of jurisdiction, or to delay or refuse justice. The Chancery Court noted that when Clough returned the execution in June 1795, he placed all the parties in their proper state, which means there would have been no basis for fining Clough. Since the return happened after the county court issued its judgment, though, there was no way for the county court to alter its opinion to put the parties in their proper state. The Chancery Court concluded that this situation was therefore a fine case for equitable relief.<br />
<br />
The Court also noted that, as Bullock the younger admitted, Bullock the elder had no more property to seize to satisfy the rest of the award. Returning the execution and proceeding further in court would likely lead to prison for Bullock the elder, which Bullock the younger said he did not want. Because Bullock the younger had nothing to gain by Clough returning the execution, Bullock the younger could not have been injured by Clough's actions. <br />
<br />
The Chancery Court said that fining Goodall would lead to the perverse result of Bullock the younger being in a better position by Clough not returning the execution than by Clough returning it. Moreover, because Thompson's indicated that Bullock the younger told Clough there was no hurry in returning the execution, then sued Clough for not promptly returning it, the Chancery Court found that Bullock the younger was "guilty of a foul fraud. . .venial in the eyes of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Coke Edward Coke]". <br />
<br />
The Chancery Court also said that the county court seemed to be unaware of Bullock the younger's fraud. Even so, the Chancery Court noted that the county court did not make much use of its statutory discretion and hit Goodall with almost the maximum possible fine. The Chancery Court goes into the etymological origins of the word "discretion" to emphasize that even if the county court felt a fine proper, it should have adjusted the fine to fit the harm.<br />
<br />
The Court proceeds to review the principles underlying the court of equity's powers to justify its action in this case, even when involving a penalty authorized by statute. The Court calls on humanity's instinct for sympathy and cites the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Rule Golden Rule] along with a quote from the play [[Publii Terentii Afri Comoediae Sex|Heauton Timorumenos]]: ''"Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto."'' ("I am a human being, I consider nothing that is human alien to me.")<ref>Terence ''Heauton Timorumenos'' 1.1.25.</ref><br />
<br />
The Court's opinion by Wythe proceeds with several hypotheticals involving [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnaeus_Julius_Agricola Agricola] selling corn to Mercator to show how one person could technically breach a contract and be subject to a severe penalty, even though that breach might have put the other party in a better position than if the contract had been fulfilled.<ref>These hypotheticals include an interesting footnote (presumably from Wythe) that indicates that the phrase "a penny saved is a penny earned" goes back quite earlier than [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin Poor Richard]; it is a translation of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero Cicero's] phrase ''magnum vectigal fit parsimonia'' from his Sixth Paradox.</ref> In such situations, courts of law would traditionally require Agricola to pay Mercator to pay the full penalty for breaching the contract -- even if the breach put Mercator in a better position -- because that was what the law dictated. The Court uses a quote from [[Titi Livii Historiarum Quod Extat|Livy's Histories]] to describe the traditional law: ''leges rem surdam, inexorabilem esse. . .nihil laxamenti nec veniae habere'' ("the law was a deaf inexorable being. . .admitted of no relaxation or indulgence.")<ref>Livy, ''Titi Livii Historiarum Quod Extat'', (Amstelodami: Apud D. Elzevirium, 1678), lib. II, cap. 3. Wythe seems to be guilty of cherry-picking a quote here. He omitted the middle of Levi's phrase, which reads in full, "leges rem surdam, inexorabilem esse, salubriorem melioremque inopi quam potenti; nihil laxamenti nec veniae habere, si modum excesseris" ("the law was a deaf inexorable being, better and more beneficial for the disadvantaged than the powerful, admitted of no relaxation or indulgence.") Livy seemed to view the law's intrangience as a benefit, offering greater equality for the lower classes, while Wythe altered Livy's sentence to show this inexorability as a flaw.</ref> Wythe views the court of equity as an embodiment of justice such as Pallas Athena in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orestes#Aeschylus Aeschylus's rendering of the tale of Orestes], conjuring a just and fair verdict when the letter of the law might dictate otherwise. This, the Chancery Court says, is why a court of equity such as it has the power to dissolve the injunction Bullock won, whether the injunction was given by the power of a statute or of common law. <br />
<br />
==Works Cited or Referenced by Wythe==<br />
===Cicero's ''Stoic Paradoxes''===<br />
Quotation in Wythe's opinion:<br />
<blockquote><br />
<tt><span style="color: #006600;">Ciceros ''magnum vectigal fit parsimonia''...is translated, by english lexicographers, ‘a penny saved is a penny got.’</span></tt> Translation: ''Frugality makes great revenue.''<ref>Wythe, ''Decisions'', 335.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br />
===Livy's ''History of Rome''===<br />
Quotation in Wythe's opinion:<br />
<blockquote><br />
<tt><span style="color: #006600;">''[L]eges rem surdam, inexorabilem esse, - nihil laxamenti nec veniae habere.''</span></tt> Translation: ''[L]aws are deaf things, inexorable – they do not consider relaxing or pardon.'' Wythe uses this to illustrate how the law has viewed the stringency of contracts.<ref>Ibid.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br />
===Terence's ''The Self-Tormentor''===<br />
Quotation in Wythe's opinion:<br />
<blockquote><br />
<tt><span style="color: #006600;">''[H]omo sum: humani nihil a me alienum puto.''</span></tt> Translation: ''I am a human being: I consider nothing that is human alien to me.''<ref>Ibid., 334.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br />
===Aeschylus's ''The Eumenides''===<br />
Quotation in Wythe's opinion:<br />
<blockquote><br />
<tt><span style="color: #006600;">[T]he design of the law compelling payment of penalties for non-performance of contracts was that the delinquent parties should make ''αντιδοσισ (antidosis)'', and thereby do justice.</span></tt> Translation: ''an exchange.''<ref>Ibid., 336.</ref></blockquote><br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Cases]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Goodall_v._Bullock&diff=35052Goodall v. Bullock2015-03-04T14:54:53Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Goodall v. Bullock''}}<br />
[[File:WytheGoodallVBullock1852.jpg|link=Media:WytheDecisions1852GoodallVBullock.pdf|thumb|right|300px|First page of the opinion [[Media:WytheDecisions1852GoodallVBullock.pdf|''Goodall v. Bullock'']], in [https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/law/Record/2099031 ''Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery, with Remarks upon Decrees by the Court of Appeals, Reversing Some of Those Decisions''], by George Wythe. 2nd ed. (Richmond: J. W. Randolph, 1852).]]<br />
[[Media:WytheDecisions1852GoodallVBullock.pdf|''Goodall v. Bullock'']], Wythe 328 (1798),<ref>George Wythe, ''[[Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery|Decisions of Cases in Virginia by the High Court of Chancery with Remarks upon Decrees by the Court of Appeals, Reversing Some of Those Decisions]],'' 2nd ed., ed. B.B. Minor (Richmond: J.W. Randolph, 1852), 328.</ref> discussed whether a sheriff could be fined because his deputy did not finish executing a writ, even the person who filed the writ is the person who asked the deputy not to finish executing it. The opinion is notable for Wythe's discussion of the principles underlying a court of equity's powers in which Wythe refers to several classical Greek and Roman sources and stories.<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
==Background==<br />
Parke Goodall was Sheriff of Hanover County, and John Clough was one of his deputies.<br />
<br />
John Bullock sued his father, who went by the same name, and won a judgment for about £497. Bullock the younger delivered a writ of ''fieri facias''<ref>A writ of ''fieri facias'' orders the sheriff to get goods from a person to satisfy a judgment against that person.</ref> to Clough in May 1792 to be executed against Bullock the elder's property. Clough seized Bullock the elder's entire estate under the writ and sold it to Bullock the younger in June 1792 for about £206.<br />
<br />
Clough never returned the writ to court with notations on what actions he had taken using the writ's power - a process called ''returning the execution''. Returning the execution could have led to further court proceedings against Bullock the elder. The reason for this was disputed. Clough said that in 1795 Bullock the younger asked him to delay returning the execution until the court costs were settled. To support Clough's claim, a third-party witness, William L. Thompson, said that they heard Bullock the younger say he wished Clough would not return the execution until the Bullocks settled with each other. Bullock the younger answered that he never asked Clough to delay returning the execution, but rather repeatedly asked Clough to return the execution after he had seized Bullock the elder's property.<br />
<br />
Bullock the younger sued Goodall and Clough in Hanover County Court for failure to return the execution of a writ, and on May 7, 1795, the court fined Goodall about £264 to be paid to Bullock the younger, under the authority of a 1791 Virginia statute. <br />
<br />
Clough successfully returned the execution in June 1795. Goodall successfully sued Clough to reimburse Goodall for the fine Goodall owed Bullock the younger. Goodall and Clough filed a bill with the High Court of Chancery asking it to permanently enjoin the Hanover County Court's judgment in favor of Bullock the younger, and Goodall agreed to wait to collect on his judgment against Clough until the proceedings in the Chancery Court concluded. <br />
<br />
Bullock the younger argued that because the 1791 statute gave the county court discretion in the amount of the fine to award, the Chancery Court would be improperly usurping the court of law's appellate jurisdiction by issuing an injunction. Therefore, Bullock the younger said, the Chancery Court should dismiss Goodall and Clough's case. <br />
==The Court's Decision==<br />
The High Court of Chancery issued permanent injunctions against Bullock the younger from collecting his judgment against Goodall, and against Goodall from collecting against Clough. The Court said that it was possible for both Thompson's and Bullock the younger's statements to be true. Bullock could have initially asked Clough to return the execution, but then changed his mind three years later when Thompson's testimony took place. <br />
<br />
The Chancery Court shot down Bullock the younger's argument that it was usurping legal courts' appellate authority. Chapter 9 of the 1787 Virginia statutes prohibited the Chancery Court from refusing to hear a case due to lack of jurisdiction, or to delay or refuse justice. The Chancery Court noted that when Clough returned the execution in June 1795, he placed all the parties in their proper state, which means there would have been no basis for fining Clough. Since the return happened after the county court issued its judgment, though, there was no way for the county court to alter its opinion to put the parties in their proper state. The Chancery Court concluded that this situation was therefore a fine case for equitable relief.<br />
<br />
The Court also noted that, as Bullock the younger admitted, Bullock the elder had no more property to seize to satisfy the rest of the award. Returning the execution and proceeding further in court would likely lead to prison for Bullock the elder, which Bullock the younger said he did not want. Because Bullock the younger had nothing to gain by Clough returning the execution, Bullock the younger could not have been injured by Clough's actions. <br />
<br />
The Chancery Court said that fining Goodall would lead to the perverse result of Bullock the younger being in a better position by Clough not returning the execution than by Clough returning it. Moreover, because Thompson's indicated that Bullock the younger told Clough there was no hurry in returning the execution, then sued Clough for not promptly returning it, the Chancery Court found that Bullock the younger was "guilty of a foul fraud. . .venial in the eyes of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Coke Edward Coke]". <br />
<br />
The Chancery Court also said that the county court seemed to be unaware of Bullock the younger's fraud. Even so, the Chancery Court noted that the county court did not make much use of its statutory discretion and hit Goodall with almost the maximum possible fine. The Chancery Court goes into the etymological origins of the word "discretion" to emphasize that even if the county court felt a fine proper, it should have adjusted the fine to fit the harm.<br />
<br />
The Court proceeds to review the principles underlying the court of equity's powers to justify its action in this case, even when involving a penalty authorized by statute. The Court calls on humanity's instinct for sympathy and cites the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Rule Golden Rule] along with a quote from the play [[Publii Terentii Afri Comoediae Sex|Heauton timorumenos]]: ''"Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto."'' ("I am a human being, I consider nothing that is human alien to me.")<ref>Terence, "Publii Terentii Afri Comoediae Sex," in ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=pUsVAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false Publii Terentii Afri Comoediae Sex]'' (Glasguae: Cura & impensis Roberti Foulis, typis Roberti Urie & soc., 1742).</ref><br />
<br />
The Court's opinion by Wythe proceeds with several hypotheticals involving [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnaeus_Julius_Agricola Agricola] selling corn to Mercator to show how one person could technically breach a contract and be subject to a severe penalty, even though that breach might have put the other party in a better position than if the contract had been fulfilled.<ref>These hypotheticals include an interesting footnote (presumably from Wythe) that indicates that the phrase "a penny saved is a penny earned" goes back quite earlier than [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin Poor Richard]; it is a translation of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero Cicero's] phrase ''magnum vectigal fit parsimonia'' from his Sixth Paradox.</ref> In such situations, courts of law would traditionally require Agricola to pay Mercator to pay the full penalty for breaching the contract -- even if the breach put Mercator in a better position -- because that was what the law dictated. The Court uses a quote from [[Titi Livii Historiarum Quod Extat|Livy's Histories]] to describe the traditional law: ''leges rem surdam, inexorabilem esse. . .nihil laxamenti nec veniae habere'' ("the law was a deaf inexorable being. . .admitted of no relaxation or indulgence.")<ref>Livy, ''Titi Livii Historiarum Quod Extat'', Lib. II, Cap. 3 (Amstelodami: Apud D. Elzevirium, 1678). Wythe seems to be guilty of cherry-picking a quote here. He omitted the middle of Levi's phrase, which reads in full, "leges rem surdam, inexorabilem esse, salubriorem melioremque inopi quam potenti; nihil laxamenti nec veniae habere, si modum excesseris" ("the law was a deaf inexorable being, better and more beneficial for the disadvantaged than the powerful, admitted of no relaxation or indulgence.") Livy seemed to view the law's intrangience as a benefit, offering greater equality for the lower classes, while Wythe altered Livy's sentence to show this inexorability as a flaw.</ref> Wythe views the court of equity as an embodiment of justice such as Pallas Athena in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orestes#Aeschylus Aeschylus's rendering of the tale of Orestes], conjuring a just and fair verdict when the letter of the law might dictate otherwise. This, the Chancery Court says, is why a court of equity such as it has the power to dissolve the injunction Bullock won, whether the injunction was given by the power of a statute or of common law. <br />
<br />
==Works Cited or Referenced by Wythe==<br />
===Cicero's ''Stoic Paradoxes''===<br />
Quotation in Wythe's opinion:<br />
<blockquote><br />
<tt><span style="color: #006600;">Ciceros ''magnum vectigal fit parsimonia''...is translated, by english lexicographers, ‘a penny saved is a penny got.’</span></tt> Translation: ''Frugality makes great revenue.''<ref>Wythe 335.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br />
===Livy's ''History of Rome''===<br />
Quotation in Wythe's opinion:<br />
<blockquote><br />
<tt><span style="color: #006600;">''[L]eges rem surdam, inexorabilem esse, - nihil laxamenti nec veniae habere.''</span></tt> Translation: ''[L]aws are deaf things, inexorable – they do not consider relaxing or pardon.'' Wythe uses this to illustrate how the law has viewed the stringency of contracts.<ref>Ibid.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br />
===Terence's ''The Self-Tormentor''===<br />
Quotation in Wythe's opinion:<br />
<blockquote><br />
<tt><span style="color: #006600;">''[H]omo sum: humani nihil a me alienum puto.''</span></tt> Translation: ''I am a human being: I consider nothing that is human alien to me.''<ref>Ibid 334.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br />
===Aeschylus's ''The Eumenides''===<br />
Quotation in Wythe's opinion:<br />
<blockquote><br />
<tt><span style="color: #006600;">[T]he design of the law compelling payment of penalties for non-performance of contracts was that the delinquent parties should make ''αντιδοσισ (antidosis)'', and thereby do justice.</span></tt> Translation: ''an exchange.''<ref>Ibid 336.</ref></blockquote><br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Cases]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=History_and_Practice_of_the_High_Court_of_Chancery&diff=35050History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery2015-03-04T14:43:03Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery''}}<br />
<big>''The History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery in Which is Introduced, an Account of the Institution and Various Regulations of the Said Court; Shewing Likewise, the Ancient and Present Practice Thereof in an Easy and Familiar Method''</big><br />
===by Sir Geoffrey Gilbert===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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<br />
''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' is the title of a legal treatise written by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Gilbert_%28judge%29 Geoffrey Gilbert] and first published in 1756. It is divided into two major sections, ''Forum Romanum'' and ''Lew Praetoria''. ''Forum Romanum'' deals with rules of procedure in courts of equity, while ''Lex Praetoria'' focuses on the subject matter of equity. ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' was a hugely influential book over one hundred years after its publication. An American reviewer writing about it in the late nineteenth century stated, "…all other works on equity, which have subsequently appeared may be, in some sense, considered as modifications of Lord Gilbert’s treatise." <ref>Isaac Grant Thompson, "Book Notices," ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=llAZAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Albany Law Journal]'' 10, (1874-75): 318.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
''Forum Romanum'' covers a great variety of topics. It was considered the "most significant and respected work" of its time to cover changes in procedural doctrine, such as rules relating to necessary parties. <ref>Geoffrey C. Hazard, Jr., "Indispensable Party: The Historical Origin of a Procedural Phantom," ''Columbia Law Review'' 61, no. 7 (November 1961): 1269.</ref> It also contains one of the earliest explanations of rules regarding child advocacy in courts of chancery. <ref>T. Crump, "The Guardian ad Litem - His Origin," ''Western Reserve Law Journal'' 4, no. 7 (December 1898): 179-80.</ref> Evidence theory is also covered extensively, with Gilbert incorporating many characteristics of the continental approach to proof. <ref>Stephan Landsman, "From Gilbert to Bentham: The Reconceptualization of Evidence Theory," ''Wayne Law Review'' 36, no. 3 (Spring 1990): 1156.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
''Lex Praetoria'' is considered to be a less complete work than ''Forum Romanum'', though it is likely that neither were intended to be released to the public in the unfinished state Gilbert left them in. ''Lex Praetoria'' has been described a giving a "limited and imperfect view of the doctrines of the Courts of Chancery, even so far as they had been established in his time." <ref>Joseph Story, "Story's Commentaries on Equity Jurisprudence," ''American Jurist and Law Magazine'' 15, no. 30 (July 1836): 364.</ref> It contains only a few of the general principles of chancery of the time, and several case illustrations to go with them.<br /><br />
<br /><br />
In addition to serving as a substantial and influential work, ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' serves as a sort of historical marker. It, along with several other comprehensive treatises of its time, can be seen as a reflection of "the transformation of English legal science in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries." <ref>Harold J. Berman and Charles J. Reid, Jr., "[http://heisenberg.library.emory.edu/berman/328.pdf The Transformation of English Legal Science: From Hale to Blackstone]," ''Emory Law Journal'' 45, no. 2 (Spring 1996): 485.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
Sir Geoffrey Gilbert, the author of ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'', was born in 1764 near Lamberhurst, Kent. His father, William, was buried in November of the same year. Little aside from that is known about William or Geoffrey’s mother Elizabeth. After his legal education at the Inner Temple he practiced for several years before being appointed a puisne judge of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Court_of_King%27s_Bench_%28Ireland%29 Irish king’s bench] in 1715. Gilbert would eventually go on to render an important decision in the case ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Gilbert_%28judge%29#Sherlock_v_Annesley Annesley v. Sherlock]'' by ruling that appeals from equity jurisdictions in Ireland belonged to the British (and not Irish) House of Lords. His career picked up significantly after this, and he would eventually go on to be knighted in 1725 and was elected to the Royal Society in 1726. He died after a long illness on October 14, 1726.<ref>M. Macnair, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/10688 Gilbert, Sir Jeffray (1674–1726)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed February, 25 2015.</ref> <br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
See bookplate in [https://books.google.com/books?id=rH9rtwAACAAJ&dq=History+and+Practice+of+the+High+Court+of+Chancery+geoffrey+gilbert Google Books]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Civil Procedure]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=History_and_Practice_of_the_High_Court_of_Chancery&diff=35048History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery2015-03-04T14:29:32Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery''}}<br />
<big>''The History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery in Which is Introduced, an Account of the Institution and Various Regulations of the Said Court; Shewing Likewise, the Ancient and Present Practice Thereof in an Easy and Familiar Method''</big><br />
===by Sir Geoffrey Gilbert===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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<br />
''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' is the title of a legal treatise written by Geoffrey Gilbert and first published in 1756. It is divided into two major sections, ''Forum Romanum'' and ''Lew Praetoria''. ''Forum Romanum'' deals with rules of procedure in courts of equity, while ''Lex Praetoria'' focuses on the subject matter of equity. ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' was a hugely influential book over one hundred years after its publication. An American reviewer writing about it in the late nineteenth century stated, "…all other works on equity, which have subsequently appeared may be, in some sense, considered as modifications of Lord Gilbert’s treatise." <ref>Isaac Grant Thompson, "Book Notices," ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=llAZAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Albany Law Journal]'' 10, (1874-75): 318.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
''Forum Romanum'' covers a great variety of topics. It was considered the "most significant and respected work" of its time to cover changes in procedural doctrine, such as rules relating to necessary parties. <ref>Geoffrey C. Hazard, Jr., "Indispensable Party: The Historical Origin of a Procedural Phantom," ''Columbia Law Review'' 61, no. 7 (November 1961): 1269.</ref> It also contains one of the earliest explanations of rules regarding child advocacy in courts of chancery. <ref>T. Crump, "The Guardian ad Litem - His Origin," ''Western Reserve Law Journal'' 4, no. 7 (December 1898): 179-80.</ref> Evidence theory is also covered extensively, with Gilbert incorporating many characteristics of the continental approach to proof. <ref>Stephan Landsman, "From Gilbert to Bentham: The Reconceptualization of Evidence Theory," ''Wayne Law Review'' 36, no. 3 (Spring 1990): 1156.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
''Lex Praetoria'' is considered to be a less complete work than ''Forum Romanum'', though it is likely that neither were intended to be released to the public in the unfinished state Gilbert left them in. ''Lex Praetoria'' has been described a giving a "limited and imperfect view of the doctrines of the Courts of Chancery, even so far as they had been established in his time." <ref>Joseph Story, "Story's Commentaries on Equity Jurisprudence," ''American Jurist and Law Magazine'' 15, no. 30 (July 1836): 364.</ref> It contains only a few of the general principles of chancery of the time, and several case illustrations to go with them.<br /><br />
<br /><br />
In addition to serving as a substantial and influential work, ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' serves as a sort of historical marker. It, along with several other comprehensive treatises of its time, can be seen as a reflection of "the transformation of English legal science in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries." <ref>Harold J. Berman and Charles J. Reid, Jr., "[http://heisenberg.library.emory.edu/berman/328.pdf The Transformation of English Legal Science: From Hale to Blackstone]," ''Emory Law Journal'' 45, no. 2 (Spring 1996): 485.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
Sir Geoffrey Gilbert, the author of ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'', was born in 1764 near Lamberhurst, Kent. His father, William, was buried in November of the same year. Little aside from that is known about William or Geoffrey’s mother Elizabeth. After his legal education at the Inner Temple he practiced for several years before being appointed a puisne judge of the Irish king’s bench in 1715. Gilbert would eventually go on to render an important decision in the case ''Annesley v. Sherlock'' by ruling that appeals from equity jurisdictions in Ireland belonged to the British (and not Irish) House of Lords. His career picked up significantly after this, and he would eventually go on to be knighted in 1725 and was elected to the Royal Society in 1726. He died after a long illness on October 14, 1726.<ref>M. Macnair, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/10688 Gilbert, Sir Jeffray (1674–1726)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed February, 25 2015.</ref> <br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
See bookplate in [https://books.google.com/books?id=rH9rtwAACAAJ&dq=History+and+Practice+of+the+High+Court+of+Chancery+geoffrey+gilbert Google Books]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Civil Procedure]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=History_and_Practice_of_the_High_Court_of_Chancery&diff=35046History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery2015-03-04T13:57:47Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery''}}<br />
<big>''The History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery in Which is Introduced, an Account of the Institution and Various Regulations of the Said Court; Shewing Likewise, the Ancient and Present Practice Thereof in an Easy and Familiar Method''</big><br />
===by Sir Geoffrey Gilbert===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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<br />
''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' is the title of a legal treatise written by Geoffrey Gilbert and first published in 1756. It is divided into two major sections, ''Forum Romanum'' and ''Lew Praetoria''. ''Forum Romanum'' deals with rules of procedure in courts of equity, while ''Lex Praetoria'' focuses on the subject matter of equity. ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' was a hugely influential book over one hundred years after its publication. An American reviewer writing about it in the late nineteenth century stated, "…all other works on equity, which have subsequently appeared may be, in some sense, considered modifications of Lord Gilbert’s treatise." <ref>''Albany Law Journal'' 10, (November 14, 1874): 308-20.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
''Forum Romanum'' covers a great variety of topics. It was considered the "most significant and respected work" of its time to cover changes in procedural doctrine, such as rules relating to necessary parties. <ref>Geoffrey C. Hazard, Jr., "Indispensable Party: The Historical Origin of a Procedural Phantom," ''Columbia Law Review'' 61, no. 7 (November 1961): 1269.</ref> It also contains one of the earliest explanations of rules regarding child advocacy in courts of chancery. <ref>"The Guardian Ad Litem - Bis Origin,"<br />
''Western Reserve Law Journal'' 4, no. 7 (December 1898): 178-84.</ref> Evidence theory is also covered extensively, with Gilbert incorporating many characteristics of the continental approach to proof. <ref>Stephan Landsman, "From Gilbert to Bentham: The Reconceptualization of Evidence Theory," ''Wayne Law Review'' 36, no. 3 (Spring 1990): 1149-86.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
''Lex Praetoria'' is considered to be a less complete work than ''Forum Romanum'', though it is likely that neither were intended to be released to the public in the unfinished state Gilbert left them in. ''Lex Praetoria'' has been described a giving a "limited but imperfect view of the doctrines of the Courts of Chancery, even so far as they had been established in this time." <ref>Joseph Story, "Story's Commentaries on Equity Jurisprudence," ''American Jurist and Law Magazine'' 15, no. 30 (July 1836): 363-70.</ref> It contains only a few of the general principles of chancery of the time, and several case illustrations to go with them.<br /><br />
<br /><br />
In addition to serving as a substantial and influential work, ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' serves as a sort of historical marker. It, along with several other comprehensive treatises of its time, can be seen as a reflection of "the transformation of English legal science in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries." <ref>Harold J. Berman and Charles J. Reid, Jr., "[http://heisenberg.library.emory.edu/berman/328.pdf The Transformation of English Legal Science: From Hale to Blackstone]," ''Emory Law Journal'' 45, no. 2 (Spring 1996): 437-522.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
Sir Geoffrey Gilbert, the author of ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'', was born in 1764 near Lamberhurst, Kent. His father, William, was buried in November of the same year. Little aside from that is known about William or Geoffrey’s mother Elizabeth. After his legal education at the Inner Temple he practiced for several years before being appointed a puisne judge of the Irish king’s bench in 1715. Gilbert would eventually go on to render an important decision in the case ''Annesley v. Sherlock'' by ruling that appeals from equity jurisdictions in Ireland belonged to the British (and not Irish) House of Lords. His career picked up significantly after this, and he would eventually go on to be knighted in 1725 and was elected to the Royal Society in 1726. He died after a long illness on October 14, 1726.<ref>M. Macnair, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/10688 Gilbert, Sir Jeffray (1674–1726)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed February, 25 2015.</ref> <br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
See bookplate in [https://books.google.com/books?id=rH9rtwAACAAJ&dq=History+and+Practice+of+the+High+Court+of+Chancery+geoffrey+gilbert Google Books]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Civil Procedure]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=History_and_Practice_of_the_High_Court_of_Chancery&diff=35044History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery2015-03-04T13:56:45Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery''}}<br />
<big>''The History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery in Which is Introduced, an Account of the Institution and Various Regulations of the Said Court; Shewing Likewise, the Ancient and Present Practice Thereof in an Easy and Familiar Method''</big><br />
===by Sir Geoffrey Gilbert===<br />
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<br />
''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' is the title of a legal treatise written by Geoffrey Gilbert and first published in 1756. It is divided into two major sections, ''Forum Romanum'' and ''Lew Praetoria''. ''Forum Romanum'' deals with rules of procedure in courts of equity, while ''Lex Praetoria'' focuses on the subject matter of equity. ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' was a hugely influential book over one hundred years after its publication. An American reviewer writing about it in the late nineteenth century stated, "…all other works on equity, which have subsequently appeared may be, in some sense, considered modifications of Lord Gilbert’s treatise." <ref>''Albany Law Journal'' 10, (November 14, 1874): 308-20.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
''Forum Romanum'' covers a great variety of topics. It was considered the "most significant and respected work" of its time to cover changes in procedural doctrine, such as rules relating to necessary parties. <ref>Geoffrey C. Hazard, Jr., "Indispensable Party: The Historical Origin of a Procedural Phantom," ''Columbia Law Review'' 61, no. 7 (November 1961): 1269.</ref> It also contains one of the earliest explanations of rules regarding child advocacy in courts of chancery. <ref>"The Guardian Ad Litem - Bis Origin,"<br />
''Western Reserve Law Journal'' 4, no. 7 (December 1898): 178-84.</ref> Evidence theory is also covered extensively, with Gilbert incorporating many characteristics of the continental approach to proof. <ref>Stephan Landsman, "From Gilbert to Bentham: The Reconceptualization of Evidence Theory," ''Wayne Law Review'' 36, no. 3 (Spring 1990): 1149-86.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
''Lex Praetoria'' is considered to be a less complete work than ''Forum Romanum'', though it is likely that neither were intended to be released to the public in the unfinished state Gilbert left them in. <ref>Joseph Story, "Story's Commentaries on Equity Jurisprudence," ''American Jurist and Law Magazine'' 15, no. 30 (July 1836): 363-70.</ref> ''Lex Praetoria'' has been described a giving a "limited but imperfect view of the doctrines of the Courts of Chancery, even so far as they had been established in this time." <ref>Ibid.</ref>. It contains only a few of the general principles of chancery of the time, and several case illustrations to go with them. <ref>Ibid.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
In addition to serving as a substantial and influential work, ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' serves as a sort of historical marker. It, along with several other comprehensive treatises of its time, can be seen as a reflection of "the transformation of English legal science in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries." <ref>Harold J. Berman and Charles J. Reid, Jr., "[http://heisenberg.library.emory.edu/berman/328.pdf The Transformation of English Legal Science: From Hale to Blackstone]," ''Emory Law Journal'' 45, no. 2 (Spring 1996): 437-522.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
Sir Geoffrey Gilbert, the author of ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'', was born in 1764 near Lamberhurst, Kent. His father, William, was buried in November of the same year. Little aside from that is known about William or Geoffrey’s mother Elizabeth. After his legal education at the Inner Temple he practiced for several years before being appointed a puisne judge of the Irish king’s bench in 1715. Gilbert would eventually go on to render an important decision in the case ''Annesley v. Sherlock'' by ruling that appeals from equity jurisdictions in Ireland belonged to the British (and not Irish) House of Lords. His career picked up significantly after this, and he would eventually go on to be knighted in 1725 and was elected to the Royal Society in 1726. He died after a long illness on October 14, 1726.<ref>M. Macnair, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/10688 Gilbert, Sir Jeffray (1674–1726)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed February, 25 2015.</ref> <br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
See bookplate in [https://books.google.com/books?id=rH9rtwAACAAJ&dq=History+and+Practice+of+the+High+Court+of+Chancery+geoffrey+gilbert Google Books]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Civil Procedure]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Treatise_of_Laws&diff=35042Treatise of Laws2015-03-04T13:54:31Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Treatise of Laws''}}<br />
<big>''A Treatise of Laws or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law.''</big><br />
===by Giles Jacob===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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|year=1721<br />
|edition=<br />
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}}<br />
<br />
Giles Jacob did not intend ''A Treatise of Laws: or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law'' to be an all encompassing tome of legal doctrine, but rather a condensed and abridged treatise accessible to individuals not intimately familiar with law. "By [a]briding and [m]ethodizing, the Study of Law may be brought into a much narrower compass than is commonly suppos'd."<ref>Giles Jacob, ''[https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/Record/3039424 A Treatise of Laws: Or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law]'' (London: Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward, 1721), x.</ref> The book is broken into three sections based on the main topics of discussion. These are the Common Law, Civil Law, and Canon Law. Each section begins with explanation on the general type of law (common, civil or canon) and then proceeds, in alphabetical order, to cover all of the individual legal issues. Each issue describes the doctrine of the particular law and in some cases describes the reasoning behind those doctrines. <ref>Ibid.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob dedicated this treatise to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pratt_(judge) Honourable Sir John Pratt], a prominent legal and judicial figure whose career included membership in the House of Commons as well as receiving a Knighthood.<ref>Stuart Handley, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22701 Pratt, Sir John (1657–1725)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed January 19, 2013.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
A precursor to Jacob's better known works, including [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/New_Law-Dictionary A New Law-Dictionary], ''A Treatise of Laws'' was still thought of as an important treatise that could be found in the collections of prominent legal practitioners and scholars such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Purton_Cooper Charles Purton Cooper].<ref>Charles Purton Cooper, ''[http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.35112105138319;view=1up;seq=1 Bibliotheca Cooperiana: Catalogue of a Further Portion of the Library of Charles Purton Cooper]'' (London: J. Davy and Sons, 1856).</ref> Jacob's work continue to have relevance and has been cited in recent legal scholarly books.<ref>Philip Hamburger, ''Law and Judicial Duty'' (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008), 116.<br />
</ref><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [https://books.google.com/books?id=los2AQAAMAAJ&dq=A+Treatise+of+Laws+or,+A+General+Introduction+to+the+Common,+Civil,+and+Canon+Law Google Books] <br />
<br />
[[Category:English Law]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Treatise_of_Laws&diff=35040Treatise of Laws2015-03-04T13:54:06Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Treatise of Laws''}}<br />
<big>''A Treatise of Laws or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law. In three parts. I. The Common Law of England; illustrated in great Variety of Maxims, &c. Also the Use of this Law; with References to Statutes, in all Cases. II. Of the Civil Law, intermix'd with the Law of Nations, and its Use here in England; and a Parallel between the Civil Law and Common Law. III. The Canon Law, and Laws Ecclesiastical; containing the Authority, and Rights of the English Clergy; Of Patrons of Churches; Courts Ecclesiastical, Trials, &c. The Whole Adapted To the Use of Students, and Practisers of the Law; Students of the Universities; Civilians, Proctors, Ecclesiasticks, and all young Gentlemen.''</big><br />
===by Giles Jacob===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
{{NoBookInfoBox<br />
|shorttitle=A Treatise of Laws<br />
|commontitle=<br />
|vol=<br />
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|publisher=Printed for T. Woodward; and J. Peele<br />
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|edition=<br />
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<br />
Giles Jacob did not intend ''A Treatise of Laws: or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law'' to be an all encompassing tome of legal doctrine, but rather a condensed and abridged treatise accessible to individuals not intimately familiar with law. "By [a]briding and [m]ethodizing, the Study of Law may be brought into a much narrower compass than is commonly suppos'd."<ref>Giles Jacob, ''[https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/Record/3039424 A Treatise of Laws: Or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law]'' (London: Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward, 1721), x.</ref> The book is broken into three sections based on the main topics of discussion. These are the Common Law, Civil Law, and Canon Law. Each section begins with explanation on the general type of law (common, civil or canon) and then proceeds, in alphabetical order, to cover all of the individual legal issues. Each issue describes the doctrine of the particular law and in some cases describes the reasoning behind those doctrines. <ref>Ibid.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob dedicated this treatise to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pratt_(judge) Honourable Sir John Pratt], a prominent legal and judicial figure whose career included membership in the House of Commons as well as receiving a Knighthood.<ref>Stuart Handley, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22701 Pratt, Sir John (1657–1725)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed January 19, 2013.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
A precursor to Jacob's better known works, including [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/New_Law-Dictionary A New Law-Dictionary], ''A Treatise of Laws'' was still thought of as an important treatise that could be found in the collections of prominent legal practitioners and scholars such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Purton_Cooper Charles Purton Cooper].<ref>Charles Purton Cooper, ''[http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.35112105138319;view=1up;seq=1 Bibliotheca Cooperiana: Catalogue of a Further Portion of the Library of Charles Purton Cooper]'' (London: J. Davy and Sons, 1856).</ref> Jacob's work continue to have relevance and has been cited in recent legal scholarly books.<ref>Philip Hamburger, ''Law and Judicial Duty'' (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008), 116.<br />
</ref><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [https://books.google.com/books?id=los2AQAAMAAJ&dq=A+Treatise+of+Laws+or,+A+General+Introduction+to+the+Common,+Civil,+and+Canon+Law Google Books] <br />
<br />
[[Category:English Law]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Treatise_of_Laws&diff=35038Treatise of Laws2015-03-04T13:52:06Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Treatise of Laws''}}<br />
<big>''A Treatise of Laws or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law. ''</big><br />
===by Giles Jacob===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
{{NoBookInfoBox<br />
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|commontitle=<br />
|vol=<br />
|author=Giles Jacob<br />
|editor=<br />
|trans=<br />
|publoc=London<br />
|publisher=Printed for T. Woodward; and J. Peele<br />
|year=1721<br />
|edition=<br />
|lang=<br />
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<br />
Giles Jacob did not intend ''A Treatise of Laws: or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law'' to be an all encompassing tome of legal doctrine, but rather a condensed and abridged treatise accessible to individuals not intimately familiar with law. "By [a]briding and [m]ethodizing, the Study of Law may be brought into a much narrower compass than is commonly suppos'd."<ref>Giles Jacob, ''[https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/Record/3039424 A Treatise of Laws: Or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law]'' (London: Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward, 1721), x.</ref> The book is broken into three sections based on the main topics of discussion. These are the Common Law, Civil Law, and Canon Law. Each section begins with explanation on the general type of law (common, civil or canon) and then proceeds, in alphabetical order, to cover all of the individual legal issues. Each issue describes the doctrine of the particular law and in some cases describes the reasoning behind those doctrines. <ref>Ibid.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob dedicated this treatise to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pratt_(judge) Honourable Sir John Pratt], a prominent legal and judicial figure whose career included membership in the House of Commons as well as receiving a Knighthood.<ref>Stuart Handley, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22701 Pratt, Sir John (1657–1725)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed January 19, 2013.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
A precursor to Jacob's better known works, including [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/New_Law-Dictionary A New Law-Dictionary], ''A Treatise of Laws'' was still thought of as an important treatise that could be found in the collections of prominent legal practitioners and scholars such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Purton_Cooper Charles Purton Cooper].<ref>Charles Purton Cooper, ''[http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.35112105138319;view=1up;seq=1 Bibliotheca Cooperiana: Catalogue of a Further Portion of the Library of Charles Purton Cooper]'' (London: J. Davy and Sons, 1856).</ref> Jacob's work continue to have relevance and has been cited in recent legal scholarly books.<ref>Philip Hamburger, Law and Judicial Duty (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008), 116.<br />
</ref><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [https://books.google.com/books?id=los2AQAAMAAJ&dq=A+Treatise+of+Laws+or,+A+General+Introduction+to+the+Common,+Civil,+and+Canon+Law Google Books] <br />
<br />
[[Category:English Law]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=History_and_Practice_of_the_High_Court_of_Chancery&diff=34812History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery2015-02-25T14:33:06Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery''}}<br />
<big>''The History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery in Which is Introduced, an Account of the Institution and Various Regulations of the Said Court; Shewing Likewise, the Ancient and Present Practice Thereof in an Easy and Familiar Method''</big><br />
===by Sir Geoffrey Gilbert===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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|commontitle=<br />
|vol=<br />
|author=Sir Geoffery Gilbert<br />
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London, In the Savoy: Printed by H. Lintot, for J. Worall and W. Owen, 1758. <br /><br />
<br /><br />
''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' is the title of a legal treatise written by Geoffrey Gilbert and first published in 1756. It is divided into two major sections, ''Forum Romanum'' and ''Lew Praetoria''. <ref>''Albany Law Journal'' 10, (November 14, 1874): 308-20.</ref> ''Forum Romanum'' deals with rules of procedure in courts of equity, while ''Lex Praetoria'' focuses on the subject matter of equity. <ref>Ibid.</ref> ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' was a hugely influential book over one hundred years after its publication. An American reviewer writing about it in the late nineteenth century stated, "…all other works on equity, which have subsequently appeared may be, in some sense, considered modifications of Lord Gilbert’s treatise." <ref>Ibid.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
''Forum Romanum'' covers a great variety of topics. It was considered the "most significant and respected work" of its time to cover changes in procedural doctrine, such as rules relating to necessary parties. <ref>Geoffrey C. Hazard, Jr., "Indispensable Party: The Historical Origin of a Procedural Phantom," ''Columbia Law Review'' 61, no. 7 (November 1961): 1269.</ref> It also contains one of the earliest explanations of rules regarding child advocacy in courts of chancery. <ref>"The Guardian Ad Litem - Bis Origin,"<br />
''Western Reserve Law Journal'' 4, no. 7 (December 1898): 178-84.</ref> Evidence theory is also covered extensively, with Gilbert incorporating many characteristics of the continental approach to proof. <ref>Stephan Landsman, "From Gilbert to Bentham: The Reconceptualization of Evidence Theory," ''Wayne Law Review'' 36, no. 3 (Spring 1990): 1149-86.</ref> <br /><br />
<br /><br />
''Lex Praetoria'' is considered to be a less complete work than ''Forum Romanum'', though it is likely that neither were intended to be released to the public in the unfinished state Gilbert left them in. <ref>Joseph Story, "Story's Commentaries on Equity Jurisprudence," ''American Jurist and Law Magazine'' 15, no. 30 (July 1836): 363-70.</ref> ''Lex Praetoria'' has been described a giving a "limited but imperfect view of the doctrines of the Courts of Chancery, even so far as they had been established in this time." <ref>Ibid.</ref>. It contains only a few of the general principles of chancery of the time, and several case illustrations to go with them. <ref>Ibid.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
In addition to serving as a substantial and influential work, ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'' serves as a sort of historical marker. It, along with several other comprehensive treatises of its time, can be seen as a reflection of "the transformation of English legal science in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries." <ref>Harold J. Berman and Charles J. Reid, Jr., "[http://heisenberg.library.emory.edu/berman/328.pdf The Transformation of English Legal Science: From Hale to Blackstone]," ''Emory Law Journal'' 45, no. 2 (Spring 1996): 437-522.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
Sir Geoffrey Gilbert, the author of ''History and Practice of the High Court of Chancery'', was born in 1764 near Lamberhurst, Kent. <ref>M. Macnair, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/10688 Gilbert, Sir Jeffray (1674–1726)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed February, 25 2015.</ref> His father, William, was buried in November of the same year. <ref>Ibid.</ref> Little aside from that is known about William or Geoffrey’s mother Elizabeth.<ref>Ibid.</ref> After his legal education at the Inner Temple he practiced for several years before being appointed a puisne judge of the Irish king’s bench in 1715. <ref>Ibid.</ref> Gilbert would eventually go on to render an important decision in the case ''Annesley v. Sherlock'' by ruling that appeals from equity jurisdictions in Ireland belonged to the British (and not Irish) House of Lords. <ref>Ibid.</ref> His career picked up significantly after this, and he would eventually go on to be knighted in 1725 and was elected to the Royal Society in 1726. He died after a long illness on October 14, 1726. <ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
See bookplate in [https://books.google.com/books?id=rH9rtwAACAAJ&dq=History+and+Practice+of+the+High+Court+of+Chancery+geoffrey+gilbert Google Books]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Civil Procedure]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Treatise_of_Laws&diff=34810Treatise of Laws2015-02-25T13:51:17Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Treatise of Laws''}}<br />
<big>''A Treatise of Laws or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law. ''</big><br />
===by Giles Jacob===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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London: printed for T. Woodward; and J. Peele, 1721.<br />
<br />
A treatise of laws : or, a general introduction to the common, civil, and canon law. In three parts. I. The Common Law of England; illustrated in great Variety of Maxims, &c. Also the Use of this Law; with References to Statutes, in all Cases. II. Of the Civil Law, intermix'd with the Law of Nations, and its Use here in England; and a Parallel between the Civil Law and Common Law. III. The Canon Law, and Laws Ecclesiastical; containing the Authority, and Rights of the English Clergy; Of Patrons of Churches; Courts Ecclesiastical, Trials, &c. The Whole Adapted To the Use of Students, and Practisers of the Law; Students of the Universities; Civilians, Proctors, Ecclesiasticks, and all young Gentlemen. By Giles Jacob. gent.<br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob did not intend this work to be an all encompassing tome of legal doctrine, but rather a condensed and abridged treatise accessible to individuals not intimately familiar with law. "By [a]briding and [m]ethodizing, the Study of Law may be brought into a much narrower compass than is commonly suppos'd."<ref>Giles Jacob, ''[https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/Record/3039424 A Treatise of Laws: Or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law]'' (London: Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward, 1721), x.</ref> The book is broken into three sections based on the main topics of discussion. These are the Common Law, Civil Law, and Canon Law. Each section begins with explanation on the general type of law (common, civil or canon) and then proceeds, in alphabetical order, to cover all of the individual legal issues. Each issue describes the doctrine of the particular law and in some cases describes the reasoning behind those doctrines. <ref>Jacob, ''A Treatise of Laws''.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob dedicated this treatise to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pratt_(judge) Honourable Sir John Pratt], a prominent legal and judicial figure whose career included membership in the House of Commons as well as receiving a Knighthood.<ref>Stuart Handley, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22701 Pratt, Sir John (1657–1725)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed January 19, 2013.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
A precursor to Jacob's better known works, including [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/New_Law-Dictionary A New Law-Dictionary], ''A Treatise of Laws'' was still thought of as an important treatise that could be found in the collections of prominent legal practitioners and scholars such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Purton_Cooper Charles Purton Cooper].<ref>Charles Purton Cooper, ''[http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.35112105138319;view=1up;seq=1 Bibliotheca Cooperiana: Catalogue of a Further Portion of the Library of Charles Purton Cooper]'' (London: J. Davy and Sons, 1856).</ref> Jacob's work continue to have relevance and has been cited in recent legal scholarly books.<ref>Philip Hamburger, [http://books.google.com/books?id=AuUT-4KjCjwC&pg=PA117 Law and Judicial Duty] (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008), 116.<br />
</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [https://books.google.com/books?id=los2AQAAMAAJ&dq=A+Treatise+of+Laws+or,+A+General+Introduction+to+the+Common,+Civil,+and+Canon+Law Google Books] <br />
<br />
[[Category:English Law]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Treatise_of_Laws&diff=34748Treatise of Laws2015-02-20T14:35:46Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Treatise of Laws''}}<br />
<big>''A Treatise of Laws or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law. ''</big><br />
===by Giles Jacob===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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London: printed for T. Woodward; and J. Peele, 1721.<br />
<br />
A treatise of laws : or, a general introduction to the common, civil, and canon law. In three parts. I. The Common Law of England; illustrated in great Variety of Maxims, &c. Also the Use of this Law; with References to Statutes, in all Cases. II. Of the Civil Law, intermix'd with the Law of Nations, and its Use here in England; and a Parallel between the Civil Law and Common Law. III. The Canon Law, and Laws Ecclesiastical; containing the Authority, and Rights of the English Clergy; Of Patrons of Churches; Courts Ecclesiastical, Trials, &c. The Whole Adapted To the Use of Students, and Practisers of the Law; Students of the Universities; Civilians, Proctors, Ecclesiasticks, and all young Gentlemen. By Giles Jacob. gent.<br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob did not intend this work to be an all encompassing tome of legal doctrine, but rather a condensed and abridged treatise accessible to individuals not intimately familiar with law. "By [a]briding and [m]ethodizing, the Study of Law may be brought into a much narrower compass than is commonly suppos'd."<ref>Giles Jacob, ''[https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/Record/3039424 A Treatise of Laws: Or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law]'' (London: Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward, 1721), x.</ref> The book is broken into three sections based on the main topics of discussion. These are the Common Law, Civil Law, and Canon Law. Each section begins with explanation on the general type of law (common, civil or canon) and then proceeds, in alphabetical order, to cover all of the individual legal issues. Each issue describes the doctrine of the particular law and in some cases describes the reasoning behind those doctrines. <ref>Jacob, ''A Treatise of Laws''</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob dedicated this treatise to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pratt_(judge) Honourable Sir John Pratt], a prominent legal and judicial figure whose career included membership in the House of Commons as well as receiving a Knighthood.<ref>Stuart Handley, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22701 Pratt, Sir John (1657–1725)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed January 19, 2013.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
A precursor to Jacob's better known works, including [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/New_Law-Dictionary A New Law-Dictionary], ''A Treatise of Laws'' was still thought of as an important treatise that could be found in the collections of prominent legal practitioners and scholars such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Purton_Cooper Charles Purton Cooper].<ref>Charles Purton Cooper, ''[http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.35112105138319;view=1up;seq=1 Bibliotheca Cooperiana: Catalogue of a Further Portion of the Library of Charles Purton Cooper]'' (London: J. Davy and Sons, 1856).</ref> Jacob's work continue to have relevance and has been cited in recent legal scholarly books.<ref>Philip Hamburger, [http://books.google.com/books?id=AuUT-4KjCjwC&pg=PA117 Law and Judicial Duty] (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008), 116.<br />
</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [https://books.google.com/books?id=los2AQAAMAAJ&dq=A+Treatise+of+Laws+or,+A+General+Introduction+to+the+Common,+Civil,+and+Canon+Law Google Books] <br />
<br />
[[Category:English Law]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Treatise_of_Laws&diff=34746Treatise of Laws2015-02-20T14:35:19Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Treatise of Laws''}}<br />
<big>''A Treatise of Laws or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law. ''</big><br />
===by Giles Jacob===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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London: printed for T. Woodward; and J. Peele, 1721.<br />
<br />
A treatise of laws : or, a general introduction to the common, civil, and canon law. In three parts. I. The Common Law of England; illustrated in great Variety of Maxims, &c. Also the Use of this Law; with References to Statutes, in all Cases. II. Of the Civil Law, intermix'd with the Law of Nations, and its Use here in England; and a Parallel between the Civil Law and Common Law. III. The Canon Law, and Laws Ecclesiastical; containing the Authority, and Rights of the English Clergy; Of Patrons of Churches; Courts Ecclesiastical, Trials, &c. The Whole Adapted To the Use of Students, and Practisers of the Law; Students of the Universities; Civilians, Proctors, Ecclesiasticks, and all young Gentlemen. By Giles Jacob. gent.<br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob did not intend this work to be an all encompassing tome of legal doctrine, but rather a condensed and abridged treatise accessible to individuals not intimately familiar with law. "By [a]briding and [m]ethodizing, the Study of Law may be brought into a much narrower compass than is commonly suppos'd."<ref>Giles Jacob, ''[https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/Record/3039424 A Treatise of Laws: Or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law]'' (London: Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward, 1721), x.</ref> The book is broken into three sections based on the main topics of discussion. These are the Common Law, Civil Law, and Canon Law. Each section begins with explanation on the general type of law (common, civil or canon) and then proceeds, in alphabetical order, to cover all of the individual legal issues. Each issue describes the doctrine of the particular law and in some cases describes the reasoning behind those doctrines. <ref>Jacob, ''A Treatise of Laws''</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob dedicated this treatise to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pratt_(judge) Honourable Sir John Pratt], a prominent legal and judicial figure whose career included membership in the House of Commons as well as receiving a Knighthood.<ref>Stuart Handley, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22701 Pratt, Sir John (1657–1725)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed January 19, 2013.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
A precursor to Jacob's better known works, including [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/New_Law-Dictionary A New Law-Dictionary], ''A Treatise of Laws'' was still thought of as an important treatise that could be found in the collections of prominent legal practitioners and scholars such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Purton_Cooper Charles Purton Cooper].<ref>Charles Purton Cooper, ''[http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.35112105138319;view=1up;seq=1 Bibliotheca Cooperiana: Catalogue of a Further Portion of the Library of Charles Purton Cooper]'' (London: J. Davy and Sons, 1856).</ref> Jacob's work continue to have relevance and has been cited in recent legal scholarly books.<ref>Philip Hamburger, [http://books.google.com/books?id=AuUT-4KjCjwC&pg=PA117 Law and Judicial Duty]. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008), 116.<br />
</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [https://books.google.com/books?id=los2AQAAMAAJ&dq=A+Treatise+of+Laws+or,+A+General+Introduction+to+the+Common,+Civil,+and+Canon+Law Google Books] <br />
<br />
[[Category:English Law]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Treatise_of_Laws&diff=34744Treatise of Laws2015-02-20T14:33:44Z<p>Jmsatira: Summary paragraphs by James Patterson.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Treatise of Laws''}}<br />
<big>''A Treatise of Laws or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law. ''</big><br />
===by Giles Jacob===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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London: printed for T. Woodward; and J. Peele, 1721.<br />
<br />
A treatise of laws : or, a general introduction to the common, civil, and canon law. In three parts. I. The Common Law of England; illustrated in great Variety of Maxims, &c. Also the Use of this Law; with References to Statutes, in all Cases. II. Of the Civil Law, intermix'd with the Law of Nations, and its Use here in England; and a Parallel between the Civil Law and Common Law. III. The Canon Law, and Laws Ecclesiastical; containing the Authority, and Rights of the English Clergy; Of Patrons of Churches; Courts Ecclesiastical, Trials, &c. The Whole Adapted To the Use of Students, and Practisers of the Law; Students of the Universities; Civilians, Proctors, Ecclesiasticks, and all young Gentlemen. By Giles Jacob. gent.<br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob did not intend this work to be an all encompassing tome of legal doctrine, but rather a condensed and abridged treatise accessible to individuals not intimately familiar with law. "By [a]briding and [m]ethodizing, the Study of Law may be brought into a much narrower compass than is commonly suppos'd."<ref>Giles Jacob, ''[https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/Record/3039424 A Treatise of Laws: Or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law]'' (London: Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward, 1721), x.</ref> The book is broken into three sections based on the main topics of discussion. These are the Common Law, Civil Law, and Canon Law. Each section begins with explanation on the general type of law (common, civil or canon) and then proceeds, in alphabetical order, to cover all of the individual legal issues. Each issue describes the doctrine of the particular law and in some cases describes the reasoning behind those doctrines. <ref>Jacob, ''A Treatise of Laws''</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob dedicated this treatise to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pratt_(judge) Honourable Sir John Pratt], a prominent legal and judicial figure whose career included membership in the House of Commons as well as receiving a Knighthood.<ref>Stuart Handley, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22701 Pratt, Sir John (1657–1725)]", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed January 19, 2013.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
A precursor to Jacob's better known works, including [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/New_Law-Dictionary A New Law-Dictionary], ''A Treatise of Laws'' was still thought of as an important treatise that could be found in the collections of prominent legal practitioners and scholars such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Purton_Cooper Charles Purton Cooper].<ref>Charles Purton Cooper, ''[http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.35112105138319;view=1up;seq=1 Bibliotheca Cooperiana: Catalogue of a Further Portion of the Library of Charles Purton Cooper]'' (London: J. Davy and Sons, 1856).</ref> Jacob's work continue to have relevance and has been cited in recent legal scholarly books.<ref>Philip Hamburger, [http://books.google.com/books?id=AuUT-4KjCjwC&pg=PA117 Law and Judicial Duty]. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008), 116.<br />
</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [https://books.google.com/books?id=los2AQAAMAAJ&dq=A+Treatise+of+Laws+or,+A+General+Introduction+to+the+Common,+Civil,+and+Canon+Law Google Books] <br />
<br />
[[Category:English Law]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Treatise_of_Laws&diff=34740Treatise of Laws2015-02-20T14:27:16Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Treatise of Laws''}}<br />
<big>''A Treatise of Laws or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law. ''</big><br />
===by Giles Jacob===<br />
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London: printed for T. Woodward; and J. Peele, 1721.<br />
<br />
A treatise of laws : or, a general introduction to the common, civil, and canon law. In three parts. I. The Common Law of England; illustrated in great Variety of Maxims, &c. Also the Use of this Law; with References to Statutes, in all Cases. II. Of the Civil Law, intermix'd with the Law of Nations, and its Use here in England; and a Parallel between the Civil Law and Common Law. III. The Canon Law, and Laws Ecclesiastical; containing the Authority, and Rights of the English Clergy; Of Patrons of Churches; Courts Ecclesiastical, Trials, &c. The Whole Adapted To the Use of Students, and Practisers of the Law; Students of the Universities; Civilians, Proctors, Ecclesiasticks, and all young Gentlemen. By Giles Jacob. gent.<br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob did not intend this work to be an all encompassing tome of legal doctrine, but rather a condensed and abridged treatise accessible to individuals not intimately familiar with law. "By [a]briding and [m]ethodizing, the Study of Law may be brought into a much narrower compass than is commonly suppos'd".<ref>Giles Jacob, ''[https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/Record/3039424 A Treatise of Laws: Or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law]'' (London: Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward, 1721), x.</ref> The book is broken into three sections based on the main topics of discussion. These are the Common Law, Civil Law, and Canon Law. Each section begins with explanation on the general type of law (common, civil or canon) and then proceeds, in alphabetical order, to cover all of the individual legal issues. Each issue describes the doctrine of the particular law and in some cases describes the reasoning behind those doctrines. <ref>Jacob, ''A Treatise of Laws''</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob dedicated this treatise to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pratt_(judge) Honourable Sir John Pratt], a prominent legal and judicial figure whose career included membership in the House of Commons as well as receiving a Knighthood.<ref>Stuart Handley, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22701 Pratt, Sir John (1657–1725)]", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed January 19, 2013.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
A precursor to Jacob's better known works, including [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/New_Law-Dictionary A New Law-Dictionary], ''A Treatise of Laws'' was still thought of as an important treatise that could be found in the collections of prominent legal practitioners and scholars such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Purton_Cooper Charles Purton Cooper].<ref>Charles Purton Cooper, ''[http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.35112105138319;view=1up;seq=1 Bibliotheca Cooperiana: Catalogue of a Further Portion of the Library of Charles Purton Cooper]'' (Long Acre: J. Davy and Sons, 1856).</ref> Jacob's work continue to have relevance and has been cited in recent legal scholarly books.<ref>Philip Hamburger, [http://books.google.com/books?id=AuUT-4KjCjwC&pg=PA117 Law and Judicial Duty]. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008), 116.<br />
</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [https://books.google.com/books?id=los2AQAAMAAJ&dq=A+Treatise+of+Laws+or,+A+General+Introduction+to+the+Common,+Civil,+and+Canon+Law Google Books] <br />
<br />
[[Category:English Law]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Treatise_of_Laws&diff=34736Treatise of Laws2015-02-20T14:23:55Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Treatise of Laws''}}<br />
<big>''A Treatise of Laws or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law. ''</big><br />
===by Giles Jacob===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
{{NoBookInfoBox<br />
|shorttitle=A Treatise of Laws<br />
|commontitle=<br />
|vol=<br />
|author=Giles Jacob<br />
|editor=<br />
|trans=<br />
|publoc=London<br />
|publisher=<br />
|year=1721<br />
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London: printed for T. Woodward; and J. Peele, 1721.<br />
<br />
A treatise of laws : or, a general introduction to the common, civil, and canon law. In three parts. I. The Common Law of England; illustrated in great Variety of Maxims, &c. Also the Use of this Law; with References to Statutes, in all Cases. II. Of the Civil Law, intermix'd with the Law of Nations, and its Use here in England; and a Parallel between the Civil Law and Common Law. III. The Canon Law, and Laws Ecclesiastical; containing the Authority, and Rights of the English Clergy; Of Patrons of Churches; Courts Ecclesiastical, Trials, &c. The Whole Adapted To the Use of Students, and Practisers of the Law; Students of the Universities; Civilians, Proctors, Ecclesiasticks, and all young Gentlemen. By Giles Jacob. gent.<br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob did not intend this work to be an all encompassing tome of legal doctrine, but rather a condensed and abridged treatise accessible to individuals not intimately familiar with law. "By [a]briding and [m]ethodizing, the Study of Law may be brought into a much narrower compass than is commonly suppos'd".<ref>Giles Jacob, ''[https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/Record/3039424 A Treatise of Laws: Or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law]'' (London: Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward, 1721), x.</ref> The book is broken into three sections based on the main topics of discussion. These are the Common Law, Civil Law, and Canon Law. Each section begins with explanation on the general type of law (common, civil or canon) and then proceeds, in alphabetical order, to cover all of the individual legal issues. Each issue describes the doctrine of the particular law and in some cases describes the reasoning behind those doctrines. <ref>Jacob, ''A Treatise of Laws''</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob dedicated this treatise to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pratt_(judge) Honourable Sir John Pratt], a prominent legal and judicial figure whose career included membership in the House of Commons as well as receiving a Knighthood.<ref>Stuart Handley, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22701 Pratt, Sir John (1657–1725)]", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed January 19, 2013.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
A precursor to Jacob's better known works, including [http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/New_Law-Dictionary A New Law-Dictionary], ''A Treatise of Laws'' was still thought of as an important treatise that could be found in the collections of prominent legal practitioners and scholars such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Purton_Cooper Charles Purton Cooper].<ref>Charles Purton Cooper, ''[http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.35112105138319;view=1up;seq=1 Cooperiana: Catalogue of a Further Portion of the Library of Charles Purton Cooper]'' (Long Acre: J. Davy and Sons, 1856).</ref> Jacob's work continue to have relevance and has been cited in recent legal scholarly books.<ref>Philip Hamburger, [http://books.google.com/books?id=AuUT-4KjCjwC&pg=PA117 Law and Judicial Duty]. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008), 116.<br />
</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [https://books.google.com/books?id=los2AQAAMAAJ&dq=A+Treatise+of+Laws+or,+A+General+Introduction+to+the+Common,+Civil,+and+Canon+Law Google Books] <br />
<br />
[[Category:English Law]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Treatise_of_Laws&diff=34716Treatise of Laws2015-02-20T13:59:44Z<p>Jmsatira: /* by Giles Jacob */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Treatise of Laws''}}<br />
<big>''A Treatise of Laws or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law. ''</big><br />
===by Giles Jacob===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
{{NoBookInfoBox<br />
|shorttitle=A Treatise of Laws<br />
|commontitle=<br />
|vol=<br />
|author=Giles Jacob<br />
|editor=<br />
|trans=<br />
|publoc=London<br />
|publisher=<br />
|year=1721<br />
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London: printed for T. Woodward; and J. Peele, 1721.<br />
<br />
A treatise of laws : or, a general introduction to the common, civil, and canon law. In three parts. I. The Common Law of England; illustrated in great Variety of Maxims, &c. Also the Use of this Law; with References to Statutes, in all Cases. II. Of the Civil Law, intermix'd with the Law of Nations, and its Use here in England; and a Parallel between the Civil Law and Common Law. III. The Canon Law, and Laws Ecclesiastical; containing the Authority, and Rights of the English Clergy; Of Patrons of Churches; Courts Ecclesiastical, Trials, &c. The Whole Adapted To the Use of Students, and Practisers of the Law; Students of the Universities; Civilians, Proctors, Ecclesiasticks, and all young Gentlemen. By Giles Jacob. gent.<br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob did not intend this work to be an all ecompassing tome of legal doctrine, but rather a condensed and abriged treatise accessible to individuals not intimately familiar with law. "By [a]briding and [m]ethodizing, the Study of Law may be brought into a much narrower compass than is commonly suppos'd".<ref>Giles Jacob, ''[https://catalog.swem.wm.edu/Record/3039424 A Treatise of Laws: Or, A General Introduction to the Common, Civil, and Canon Law]'' (London: Printed by Eliz. Nutt and R. Goffing for T. Woodward, 1721).</ref> The book is broken into three sections based on the main topics of discussion. These are the Common Law, Civil Law, and Canon Law. Each section begins with explanation on the general type of law (common, civil or canon) and then proceeds, in alphabetical order, to cover all of the individual legal issues. Each issue describes the doctrine of the particular law and in some cases describes the reasoning behind those doctrines. 1<br /><br />
<br /><br />
Jacob dedicated this treatise to the Honourable Sir John Pratt, a prominent legal and judicial figure whose career included membership in the House of Commons as well as receiving a Knighthood.2<br /><br />
<br /><br />
A precusor to Jacob's better known works, including A New Law-Dictionary, it was still thought of as an important treatise that could be found in the collections of prominent legal practicioners and scholars such as Charles Purton Cooper.3,4,5 Jacob's work continue to have relevance and has been cited in recent legal scholarly books.6<br /><br />
<br /><br />
1.<br />
2.Stuart Handley, ‘Pratt, Sir John (1657–1725)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22701, accessed 8 Jan 2013]<br />
3. http://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php/New_Law-Dictionary<br />
4. Bibliotheca Cooperiana: Catalogue of a Further Portion of the Library of Charles Purton Cooper. http://books.google.com/books?id=4jcwAQAAMAAJ<br />
5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Purton_Cooper<br />
6. Philip Hamburger, Law and Judicial Duty. Pg. 116. 2008.<br />
http://books.google.com/books?id=AuUT-4KjCjwC&pg=PA117<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [https://books.google.com/books?id=los2AQAAMAAJ&dq=A+Treatise+of+Laws+or,+A+General+Introduction+to+the+Common,+Civil,+and+Canon+Law Google Books] <br />
<br />
[[Category:English Law]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Reports_and_Cases_Collected_by_the_Learned_Sr._John_Popham&diff=34676Reports and Cases Collected by the Learned Sr. John Popham2015-02-19T16:00:22Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
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<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: ''Reports and Cases Collected by the Learned Sr. John Popham''}}<br />
<big>''Reports and Cases Collected by the Learned Sr. John Popham, Kt ... Written with His Own Hand in French, and Now Faithfully tr. into English, to Which are Added Some Remarkable Cases Reported by Other Learned Pens Since His Death.''</big><br />
===by Sir John Popham===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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|author=Sir John Popham<br />
|editor=<br />
|trans=<br />
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|publisher=Printed by the assigns of Richard and Edward Atkins, esquires, for John Place<br />
|year=1682<br />
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<br />
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Popham_%28Lord_Chief_Justice%29 Sir John Popham] (c. 1531-1607) was a judge and speaker of the House of Commons. Born into an old Somerset family, he was the second son of Alexander Popham of Huntworth. Popham was educated at Balliol College, Oxford, but did not take a degree. He entered the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Temple Middle Temple], and was autumn reader in 1568, Lent reader in 1573, and treasurer in 1580. Popham represented Bristol in the parliaments of 1571 and 1572. He was created serjeat-at-large in 1578 and appointed solicitor-general in 1579. Popham was elected speaker of the House of Commons in 1581 and was appointed attorney-general the same year. He was appointed to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen%27s_Bench King’s Bench] in 1592, remaining until his death in 1607. Popham’s property from his father left him economically stable, which he soon built upon. He had a lucrative legal practice and invested in land. Upon his death, Sir John Popham passed his estate to his eldest son, Sir Francis Popham, worth £10,000 per anum.<ref>David Ibbetson, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22543 Popham, Sir John (c.1531–1607)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed on February 19, 2015.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Popham was notoriously severe towards thieves, but was also one of the principal creators of the poor law of 1598. He was also heavily involved in the English colonization of the Americas, and was likely the principal patron of the Plymouth Colony, and through that the main inspiration of the Maine colony. There was talk that Popham supported this both the notoriety and power of the British Crown, but also to help deal with social problems caused by the poor. As chief justice of the King’s Bench, Sir John Popham embraced common law and moved it forward. Notably, Popham presided over the trials of the earl o Essex, in which his own testimony to the uprising was important, the trial of Sir Walter Raleigh, and the Gunpowder conspirators.<ref>Ibid.</ref> During his tenure, rumors spread of his previous work as an amateur highwayman. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Aubrey John Aubrey], described as “gossipy” by Douglas Walthew Rice, included a detailed account of rumors he had heard of Popham’s involvement of pardoning William Darell, involved in various intrigues, in exchange for his property at Littlecote.<ref>Douglas Walthew Rice, ''[http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=m67hSNxB2s0C&oi=fnd&pg=PA3&dq=%22Sir+John+Popham%22&ots=WM1Vj3c-Am&sig=dAxzxlYOAeU3-s86FpeBqmsPH4g#v=onepage&q&f=false The Life and Achievements of Sir John Popham 1531-1607]'' (Madison: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press; Rosemont Publishing & Printing Corp, 2005), 19; John Aubrey, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=J57Irdoky70C&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22John+Aubrey%22+%22Brief+LIves%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=qFDyUp3bB-WyyAH-o4Ag&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false Brief Lives: A Modern English Version]'' (Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press, 1982), 252.</ref> However Sir Edward Coke praised Popham for his "integrity and patience."<ref>Bernard Brown, "Chief Justice Popham, Mistris Line, and Will Shakespeare on Them Both," ''New Zealand Law Review'' (2004): 2.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
''Reports and Cases'' is Sir John Popham’s case reports from the cases he presided over or participated in during his tenure.<ref>Rice, ''The Life and Achievements of Sir John Popham'', 19.</ref> Unpublished until 1656, these cases passed into private hands upon Popham’s death. Popham, however, always wished them to be made public for the general knowledge.<ref>Sir John Popham, ''Reports and Cases, Collected by the Learned Sir John Popham'' (London: Printed by Tho. Roycroft, for Henry Twyford and John Place, 1656).</ref> <br />
<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [http://books.google.com/books?id=-Z2vtwAACAAJ&dq=Popham,+John,+Sir.+Reports+and+Cases+Collected+by+the+Learned+Sr.+John+Popham Google Books]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Case Reports]]<br />
[[Category:Common Pleas Reports]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Reports_and_Cases_Collected_by_the_Learned_Sr._John_Popham&diff=34674Reports and Cases Collected by the Learned Sr. John Popham2015-02-19T15:50:01Z<p>Jmsatira: Summary paragraphs by Melanie Lazor.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: ''Reports and Cases Collected by the Learned Sr. John Popham''}}<br />
<big>''Reports and Cases Collected by the Learned Sr. John Popham, Kt ... Written with His Own Hand in French, and Now Faithfully tr. into English, to Which are Added Some Remarkable Cases Reported by Other Learned Pens Since His Death.''</big><br />
===by Sir John Popham===<br />
__NOTOC__<br />
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|commontitle=Popham's Reports<br />
|vol=<br />
|author=Sir John Popham<br />
|editor=<br />
|trans=<br />
|publoc=London<br />
|publisher=Printed by the assigns of Richard and Edward Atkins, esquires, for John Place<br />
|year=1682<br />
|edition=<br />
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|desc=<br />
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<br />
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Popham_%28Lord_Chief_Justice%29 Sir John Popham] (c. 1531-1607) was a judge and speaker of the House of Commons. Born into an old Somerset family, he was the second son of Alexander Popham of Huntworth. Popham was educated at Balliol College, Oxford, but did not take a degree. He entered the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Temple Middle Temple], and was autumn reader in 1568, Lent reader in 1573, and treasurer in 1580. Popham represented Bristol in the parliaments of 1571 and 1572. He was created serjeat-at-large in 1578 and appointed solicitor-general in 1579. Popham was elected speaker of the House of Commons in 1581 and was appointed attorney-general the same year. He was appointed to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen%27s_Bench King’s Bench] in 1592, remaining until his death in 1607. Popham’s property from his father left him economically stable, which he soon built upon. He had a lucrative legal practice and invested in land. Upon his death, Sir John Popham passed his estate to his eldest son, Sir Francis Popham, worth £10,000 per anum.<ref>David Ibbetson, "[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22543 Popham, Sir John (c.1531–1607)]," ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004- ), accessed on February 19, 2015.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
Popham was notoriously severe towards thieves, but was also one of the principal creators of the poor law of 1598. He was also heavily involved in the English colonization of the Americas, and was likely the principal patron of the Plymouth Colony, and through that the main inspiration of the Maine colony. There was talk that Popham supported this both the notoriety and power of the British Crown, but also to help deal with social problems caused by the poor. As chief justice of the King’s Bench, Sir John Popham embraced common law and moved it forward. Notably, Popham presided over the trials of the earl o Essex, in which his own testimony to the uprising was important, the trial of Sir Walter Raleigh, and the Gunpowder conspirators.<ref>Ibid.</ref> During his tenure, rumors spread of his previous work as an amateur highwayman. John Aubrey, described as “gossipy” by Douglas Walthew Rice, included a detailed account of rumors he had heard of Popham’s involvement of pardoning William Darell, involved in various intrigues, in exchange for his property at Littlecote.<ref>Douglas Walthew Rice, ''[http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=m67hSNxB2s0C&oi=fnd&pg=PA3&dq=%22Sir+John+Popham%22&ots=WM1Vj3c-Am&sig=dAxzxlYOAeU3-s86FpeBqmsPH4g#v=onepage&q&f=false The Life and Achievements of Sir John Popham 1531-1607]'' (Madison: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press; Rosemont Publishing & Printing Corp, 2005), 19; John Aubrey, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=J57Irdoky70C&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22John+Aubrey%22+%22Brief+LIves%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=qFDyUp3bB-WyyAH-o4Ag&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false Brief Lives: A Modern English Version]'' (Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press, 1982), 252.</ref> However Sir Edward Coke praised Popham for his "integrity and patience."<ref>Bernard Brown, "Chief Justice Popham, Mistris Line, and Will Shakespeare on Them Both," ''New Zealand Law Review'' (2004): 2.</ref><br /><br />
<br /><br />
''Reports and Cases'' is Sir John Popham’s case reports from the cases he presided over or participated in during his tenure.<ref>Rice, ''The Life and Achievements of Sir John Popham'', 19.</ref> Unpublished until 1656, these cases passed into private hands upon Popham’s death. Popham, however, always wished them to be made public for the general knowledge.<ref>Sir John Popham, ''Reports and Cases, Collected by the Learned Sir John Popham'' (London: Printed for Tho. Roycroft, for Henry Twyford and John Place, 1656).</ref> <br />
<br />
<br />
==Evidence for Inclusion in Wythe's Library==<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
Read this book in [http://books.google.com/books?id=-Z2vtwAACAAJ&dq=Popham,+John,+Sir.+Reports+and+Cases+Collected+by+the+Learned+Sr.+John+Popham Google Books]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Case Reports]]<br />
[[Category:Common Pleas Reports]]<br />
[[Category:Titles in Wythe's Library]]</div>Jmsatirahttp://lawlibrary.wm.edu/wythepedia/index.php?title=Philip_Schuyler_to_John_Hancock,_referred_to_Wythe_%26_Committee,_24_January_1776&diff=34640Philip Schuyler to John Hancock, referred to Wythe & Committee, 24 January 17762015-02-13T14:33:41Z<p>Jmsatira: </p>
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<div>=== Page 1 ===<br />
[[File:SchuylertoWytheetal22Jan1776p1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|<p>"Philip Schuyler to John Hancock, 24 January 1776, pg 1." Image from ''The Papers of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789.''</p>]]<br />
January 24. 1776<br /><br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Some of the Troops that accompanied me into Tryon County refused to move unless I promised pay for their Carriages, and these same people insist upon pay as Minute Men &mdash; Many of the people however expect no pay for their Carriages nor for themselves &mdash; Expeditions of this Kind would be very expensive at this Rate &mdash; I cannot think that Congress intended pay for the Men on such Occasions &mdash; I shall wait their Orders. <br /><br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;I have just now received a Letter from the Committee of Safety at New York inclosing Copies of the Resolutions of Congress of the 8t of January &mdash; They observe “That several Things are left indeterminate” in that Resolve, which orders a large Quantity of provisions and Stores to be sent to Fort George: In Answer I have wrote them that “I cannot believe Congress intended any Thing more by sending the Resolution to them than that they should supply me with what I might want: the almost Impossibility of sending <u>a large Quantity</u> from <br /><br />
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=== Page 2 ===<br />
[[File:SchuylertoWytheetal22Jan1776p2.jpg|right|thumb|200px|<p>"Philip Schuyler to John Hancock, 24 January 1776, pg 1." Image from ''The Papers of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789.''</p>]]<br />
from New York to Fort George at this Season would countenance this Construction." <br /><br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;They have also wrote to me on the Subject of the Shipwrights, I have given them an Extract of what I have above said to Congress on the Occasion and requested that they would not send any until I applyed for them. <br /><br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;They also seem to think that they were to procure Batteau-Men and ask what Wages are to be allowed them &mdash; I have promised to write to Congress on that head &mdash; I believe they would be best got in the Vicinity of this Place &mdash; If Congress think so I wish to know what Pay to allow to the Officers and Men. <br /><br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Congress will please to attend to the Naval Department in this Quarter &mdash; Perhaps Commodore Douglas will remain &mdash; I could wish a Capt. Wynkoop to be employed under him &mdash; He is active and brave. <br /><br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;I am Sir<br /><br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Most Sincerely<br /><br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Your Obedient Humble Servant<br /><br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ph: Schuyler<br /><br />
<br />
The Honorable John Hancock Esq. &c. &c. <br /><br />
<br />
[[Category:Letters to Wythe]]<br />
[[Category:PROOFED]]</div>Jmsatira